Herbal teas have attracted attention as functional beverages containing luteolin and apigenin, which exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The objective of this study was to develop a ...sensitive online automated method to determine these flavones’ contents in herbal teas using in-tube solid-phase microextraction (IT-SPME) coupled with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). These compounds were extracted and concentrated by IT-SPME using a Supel Q PLOT capillary column and then separated and detected within 6 min using a CAPCELL PAK C18 MG III analytical column and a negative electrospray ionization-mode multiple-reaction monitoring system by LC–MS/MS. The detection limits (S/N = 3) for luteolin and apigenin were 0.4 and 0.8 pg mL−1, respectively, and the calibration curves were linear in the range of 2–2000 pg mL−1 with correlation coefficients above 0.9995, and intra-day and inter-day precisions with relative standard deviations below 2.9 and 3.6% (n = 6), respectively. The luteolin and apigenin in herbal tea were quantified using IT-SPME/LC-MS/MS following the acid hydrolysis of their glycosides. Among the 10 herbal teas tested, luteolin was detected in peppermint and sage at concentrations of 375 and 99 µg mL−1, respectively, while apigenin was detected in German chamomile at 110 µg mL−1, which were higher than in the other herbal teas. The method is expected to be a useful method for evaluating the efficacy of luteolin and apigenin in herbal teas as functional beverages.
Low‐dose imatinib with monitoring of drug concentrations in blood may successfully control Philadelphia chromosome‐positive mixed phenotype acute leukemia (Ph+MPAL), particularly in elderly patients ...with comorbidities.
Low‐dose imatinib with monitoring of drug concentrations in blood may successfully control Philadelphia chromosome‐positive mixed phenotype acute leukemia (Ph+MPAL), particularly in elderly patients with comorbidities.
A 71-year-old woman presented with an aneurysm at the trunk of the persistent primitive trigeminal artery (PPTA) manifesting as subarachnoid hemorrhage. Angiography and three-dimensional computed ...tomography revealed a wide-necked saccular aneurysm at the trunk of the left PPTA. Coil embolization with the balloon-assist technique was successful and PPTA patency was preserved. Preoperative conventional angiography should be performed to check for cross-filling of the PPTA. This case demonstrates that an aneurysm of the trunk of the PPTA can be successfully treated by coil embolization using the balloon-assist technique.
Carfilzomib (CFZ) improves progression-free survival for patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (MM) but has shown higher frequency of cardiovascular adverse events (CVAEs) than other ...proteasome inhibitors. We report the first autopsy case of acute death from cardiac failure shortly after administration of carfilzomib. A 74-year-old female was diagnosed with IgA MM after a 2-year period of smoldering MM. She was refractory to both bortezomib plus dexamethasone and lenalidomide plus dexamethasone therapies, so she subsequently received CFZ in combination with lenalidomide and dexamethasone. The day after the start of the therapy, she complained of severe dyspnea with a significant decline in left ventricular ejection fraction. Her acute cardiac failure rapidly progressed, and she died on day 7 of the start of CFZ. The autopsy showed invasion of inflammatory cells between the myocardial cells and very little myocardial necrosis. There was no obvious thrombus in the coronary artery of the heart, and no infarction or amyloid deposition was observed in the myocardium. Pathological findings of hypersensitivity myocarditis, a drug-induced cardiomyopathy, appeared to agree with this case except for absence of an eosinophilic infiltration of the myocardium. A CFZ-induced CVAE is generally considered reversible. However, rapidly progressing fatal heart failure like in our case is rare. To characterize CFZ-associated CVAE, further case collection is needed.
This study was designed to examine how systemic administration of an
N-methyl-
d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, MK-801, altered respiratory timing in unanesthetized rats under normoxia and ...hypoxia. To detect fine changes in inspiratory time (TI) and expiratory time (TE), and cycle duration (TTOT), we prepared a diaphragmatic electromyogram (EMGdia).
Diaphragm electrodes and arterial and venous catheters were inserted into Wistar rats (
n
=
8) under pentobarbital anesthesia. The next day, EMGdia was recorded before and after intravenous administration of MK-801 (3 mg/kg) under normoxia and hypoxia (12% O
2) without anesthesia, and the respiratory timing (TI, TE, TTOT), respiratory frequency (fR), and amplitude of the integrated EMGdia were measured. Arterial blood gases (ABGs), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and heart rate (fH) were also measured with the EMGdia.
Under normoxia, MK-801 increased fR owing to a significant decrease in TE, and elevated both MAP and fH. Under hypoxia, MK-801 suppressed an increase in fR owing to a significant increase in TI, and did not accelerate fH. In both gaseous conditions, on ABGs, MK-801 did not alter partial pressure of O
2 (PaO
2) or CO
2 (PaCO
2), and slightly decreased pH (but not less than 7.4). MK-801 significantly decreased hypoxic response (%change from normoxia) in fR, and increased that in EMGdia amplitude, and did not alter a total ventilatory index (fR
×
EMGdia amplitude).
The results suggest that an NMDA receptor-mediated mechanism partially determines fR through significant alterations in respiratory timing, particularly in which the hypoxic ventilatory response was obtained in unanesthetized rats.
Many people live in Japan who can be defined as immigrants, but they are not easy to visualize. There is growing concern about issues surrounding children in Japan, particularly related to young ...caregivers, child poverty, and social isolation, but there is little awareness that immigrant children are also included in these issues. This paper gives an overview of the situation of immigrant children living in Japan and identifies three barriers faced by immigrant families: linguistic, socioeconomic, and cultural barriers. Specifically, this paper pointed out that when there is a difference in Japanese language ability between parents and children, the roles of parents and children are reversed and children are forced to take care of their parents; that many immigrant families live in poverty because of the precarious employment of parents; and that the strong pressure of assimilation in Japanese society makes it difficult for parents to pass on their culture to their children. Local governments, schools, non-profit organizations, and ethnic communities support immigrants, but many challenges remain. To build a system that guarantees their well-being, it is necessary to conduct careful research to understand the situation of immigrant children and their parents.
Increasing evidence suggests that decreased skeletal muscle mass (sarcopenia) or adipose tissue assessed using computed tomography (CT) predicts negative outcomes in patients with solid tumors. ...However, the prognostic value of such an assessment in multiple myeloma (MM) remains unknown.
Consecutive patients with newly diagnosed symptomatic MM were retrospectively analyzed. The cross-sectional area of skeletal muscles and subcutaneous or visceral adipose tissue was measured using CT. Body composition indexes (skeletal muscle index, subcutaneous adipose tissue index SAI, and visceral adipose tissue index) were calculated. The association between these indexes and overall survival (OS) was examined.
Of 56 evaluable patients, 37 (66%) had sarcopenia. The 2-year OS in patients with SAI < median was 58% compared with 91% in those with SAI ≥ median (P = .006). In multivariate analyses, SAI < median was significantly associated with poor OS (hazard ratio, 4.05; P = .02). Sarcopenia was not associated with OS. The maximum value of the standardized uptake value was significantly higher in patients with SAI < median (P = .02).
The findings of this study suggest that low subcutaneous adipose tissue at baseline predicts poor survival outcome in patients with MM.
This paper attempts to clarify the educational role of an ethnic church using the case of Filipino Newcomers. This study focuses especially on the generational differences between parents and ...children. Many studies indicate the influence of an ethnic church on the social integration of immigrants. However, there are few studies discussing ethnic religious associations in Japan.This study might offer a new insight into migration studies in Japan. The data that form the basis of this research are based on semi-structured interviews with the pastor of this church, Sunday school teachers, fifteen Filipina mothers, six Filipino teenagers, and participant observations in the church. The results can be summarized as follows. Firstly, the Sunday school plays the role of reducing the mothersʼ worries about their childrenʼs education by providing a place where children can study English. On the other hand, the youth group that is managed by young Filipinos plays the role of providing a place to confirm their ethnic roots and receive recognition. The youth group provides a place where they can meet friends with similar backgrounds and feel comfortable. Secondly, the Sunday school is constructed by the parentsʼ needs, and the youth group is based on the young Filipinosʼ needs. Some parental expectations are inherited in the youth group, which prevents their children from falling into delinquency through mutual friendships. On the other hand, there is a gap between parental expectations and childrenʼ s needs. Parents wish to see their children acquire English ability in the Sunday school, while the youth group places importance on Tagalog rather than English. Young Filipinos who have emigrated to Japan during school age, feel comfortable speaking Tagalog. They therefore regard the youth group as a Tagalog speaking community. These young Filipinos, rather than their parents, teach Tagalog to the children who grow up in Japan. Finally, both the Sunday school and the youth group play the role of helping children to integrate into Japanese society and schools. However, this does not mean that they promote their assimilation into Japanese society. They need a placeto confirm their ethnic roots and receiverecognition in order to resist assimilation pressure from Japanese society.
This paper attempts to clarify the educational role of an ethnic church using the case of Filipino Newcomers. This study focuses especially on the generational differences between parents and ...children. Many studies indicate the influence of an ethnic church on the social integration of immigrants. However, there are few studies discussing ethnic religious associations in Japan. This study might offer a new insight into migration studies in Japan. The data that form the basis of this research are based on semi-structured interviews with the pastor of this church. Sunday school teachers, fifteen Filipina mothers, six Filipino teenagers, and participant observations in the church. The results can be summarized as follows. Firstly, the Sunday school plays the role of reducing the mothers' worries about their children's education by providing a place where children can study English. On the other hand, the youth group that is managed by young Filipinos plays the role of providing a place to confirm their ethnic roots and receive recognition. The youth group provides a place where they can meet friends with similar backgrounds and feel comfortable. Secondly, the Sunday school is constructed by the parents' needs, and the youth group is based on the young Filipinos' needs. Some parental expectations are inherited in the youth group, which prevents their children from falling into delinquency through mutual friendships. On the other hand, there is a gap between parental expectations and children's needs. Parents wish to see their children acquire English ability in the Sunday school, while the youth group places importance on Tagalog rather than English. Young Filipinos who have emigrated to Japan during school age feel comfortable speaking Tagalog. They therefore regard the youth group as a Tagalog speaking community. These young Filipinos, rather than their parents, teach Tagalog to the children who grow up in Japan. Finally, both the Sunday school and the youth group play the role of helping children to integrate into Japanese society and schools. However, this does not mean that they promote their assimilation into Japanese society. They need a place to confirm their ethnic roots and receive recognition in order to resist assimilation pressure from Japanese society. Adapted from the source document.
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