Abstract
Particle accelerators are an important tool to study the fundamental properties of elementary particles. Currently the highest energy accelerator is the LHC at CERN, in Geneva, Switzerland. ...Each of its four major detectors, such as the CMS detector, produces dozens of Petabytes of data per year to be analyzed by a large international collaboration. The processing is carried out on the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid, that spans over more than 170 compute centers around the world and is used by a number of particle physics experiments. Recently the LHC experiments were encouraged to make increasing use of HPC resources. While Grid resources are homogeneous with respect to the used Grid middleware, HPC installations can be very different in their setup. In order to integrate HPC resources into the highly automatized processing setups of the CMS experiment a number of challenges need to be addressed. For processing, access to primary data and metadata as well as access to the software is required. At Grid sites all this is achieved via a number of services that are provided by each center. However at HPC sites many of these capabilities cannot be easily provided and have to be enabled in the user space or enabled by other means. At HPC centers there are often restrictions regarding network access to remote services, which is again a severe limitation. The paper discusses a number of solutions and recent experiences by the CMS experiment to include HPC resources in processing campaigns.
The CMS experiment has been using the Open Science Grid, through its US Tier-2 computing centers, from its very beginning for production of Monte Carlo simulations. In this article we will describe ...the evolution of the usage patterns indicating the best practices that have been identified. In addition to describing the production metrics and how they have been met, we will also present the problems encountered and mitigating solutions. Data handling and the user analysis patterns on the Tier-2 and OSG computing will be described.
Partial migration is a unique form of phenotypic diversity wherein migrant and non-migrant individuals coexist together in a population. Recent research has shown that the partial migration can be an ...evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS) and convergent stable strategy (CSS) if migrants and non-migrants experience density-dependent competition among individuals of the same type during reproduction. However, not all partially migratory species experience this particular form of competition during reproduction. In this paper, we investigate how various degrees of competition between migrants and non-migrants influence whether or not partial migration is an ESS and CSS. We find that the degree of competition influences the evolutionary outcome of partial migration and provides sharp thresholds relating these degrees of competition to the carrying capacities of both phenotypes.
► Boundary OPF, a special class of sensitivity based OPF approach is proposed. ► Boundary values of variables and functions are determined for given nonprobabilistic input data uncertainties. ► OPF ...sensitivities to perturbation in input data are formulated.
Optimal Power Flow (OPF) is an important tool in system planning and operation. Usually, the data required for such a study, is rarely available with complete certainty. The nature of uncertainty in generators’ cost characteristics, network parameters, load model coefficients, and limits on voltages, flows and generations, is generally of non-probabilistic type. Boundary value representation has been useful in such situations. These represent extreme bounds of a variable, in the fuzzy set. This paper, thus attempts to find boundary OPF solution(s) of critical variables and functions, corresponding to multiple input data uncertainties. Such solutions could be of immense value to planners and market players. The proposed approach is based on the Primal-Dual Interior Point method (PDIPM). Results for two IEEE test systems, demonstrate the potential of proposed algorithm. The results have been verified by Monte Carlo Simulations.
Mother's knowledge about pre-school child's oral health Suresh, B S; Ravishankar, T L; Chaitra, T R ...
Journal of the Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry,
2010 Oct-Dec, Volume:
28, Issue:
4
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Children under the age of 5 years generally spend most of their time with their parents and guardians, especially mothers, even when they attend pre-schools or nurseries. It has been found that young ...children's oral health maintenance and outcomes are influenced by their parent's knowledge and beliefs. This study was done to assess the mother's knowledge about the oral health of their pre-school children in Moradabad, India. Mothers of children aged 1-4 years, attending the hospital for vaccination or regular checkups in the pediatric division of government hospitals, were invited to participate in the study. A 20-item questionnaire covering socio-demographic characteristics, dietary practices, oral hygiene practices and importance of deciduous teeth, was distributed to their mothers, during their visit to the hospital. Responses of the mothers were recorded on a Likert Scale. The sample comprised 406 mothers, with the mean age of children being 3.8 years. Three hundred (73.8%) mothers had a good knowledge about diet and dietary practices, while only 110 (27.1%) and 103 (25.4%) mothers were found to have a good knowledge about the importance of oral hygiene practices and importance of deciduous teeth, respectively. Mothers with higher educational qualification and information gained through dentist had a better knowledge about child's oral health. Oral hygiene habits and dietary habits are established during pre-school days and the parents, especially mothers, function as role models for their children.
•An efficient and reliable, unified approach for combined analysis of uncertainties in power flow has been proposed.•The paper also proposes an efficient constant Jacobian approach for proper line ...outage simulation.•It has been tested on transmission and distribution systems under different loadings with combinations of uncertainties.
Different types of uncertainties exist in system data. Outages, errors in load forecasts and renewable generations are generally represented as probabilistic uncertainties. Load model coefficients and network parameters, on the other hand, are best represented as interval uncertainties. Irrespective of the nature of these uncertainties, all of them need to be considered in an integrated manner for proper system analysis. This paper tries to fulfill this precise need. By utilizing the synergy of boundary and probabilistic power flow algorithms, development of efficient line outage simulation and use of constant Jacobian approach, the computational burden has been kept to a manageable level. The proposed approach can be used for both transmission and distribution systems. Results for two transmission and one distribution systems have been obtained with various types of uncertainties. Validation of results has been done through the Monte Carlo Simulations (MCS).
•An efficient detection of post-contingency infeasible cases has been proposed.•This is based on the novel idea of using an OPF based index.•The preventive rescheduling OPF for detected infeasible ...cases is then proposed by using these indices as constraints.
Line and generator outages pose security threats for a power system. Co-ordinated preventive and corrective rescheduling actions attempt to make the system correctively secure with respect to these detrimental contingencies. This is an iterative process and is also computationally onerous. This paper attempts to reduce this burden in a twofold manner: firstly, by developing an OPF index based method for quick identification of infeasible post-contingencies and secondly, by reducing these indices for identified infeasible contingencies in a preventive rescheduling manner. Hence, a non-iterative Primal-Dual Interior Point Method (PDIPM) based OPF approach, requiring only one common pre-contingency Hessian factorization in all the critical contingencies, is proposed for fast identification of infeasible outages. The preventive OPF thus performed is also efficient as indices for identified infeasible contingencies are used as constraints and full OPF solutions for all critical post-contingencies are completely avoided. Results for two IEEE test systems and a fictitious 1000 bus system have been obtained to ascertain the potential of these methodologies.
Aim. The aim of the study was to study the relation of vitiligo with demographic data like age, sex, and duration and determine the prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity in vitiligo patients. Materials ...and Methods. This study was a cross sectional study consisting of 100 patients clinically diagnosed (old and new) as having vitiligo irrespective of age or sex. Patients with known thyroid disease on supplementation therapy, or who had undergone thyroid surgery, those on antithyroid medication, patients with other causes of leukoderma, and cases who do not provide informed consent were excluded from the study. Serum TSH and anti-TPO antibodies were measured in all the patients. Results. The prevalence of anti-TPO antibody positivity was found to be 28%. Conclusion. According to our study, none of our vitiligo patients had symptoms or signs of thyroid disease at the time of presentation but, on biochemical evaluation, anti-TPO antibodies were found in a considerable number of patients. Hence, we recommend screening of these patients with thyroid antibodies.
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