This article analyzes the results of a survey conducted in 2020 with Spanish Olympic swimmers and rowers, who were confined to their homes due to the epidemiological crisis. The questionnaire was ...administered between 23 April and 25 May. Responses to the questionnaire on emotional and adaptive reactions during the COVID-19 confinement (REACOVID-19) were received from 88 subjects, who represented 100% of the total population of Spanish Olympic swimmers and rowers. Through this questionnaire, they were asked about their living conditions, their daily training habits and their psychological, cognitive and emotional adaptation during the confinement. The results show the commitment of these athletes to their sports goals and their responsibility in respecting the confinement rules. Sixty-seven per cent of them stated that they had not left their homes for 96 days. In these extreme circumstances, the majority trained an average of 11 to 13 h a week and coped with the confinement with a positive attitude, in spite of the inconveniences of social isolation, the lack of equipment and technical support for training and the limitations of their physical space. The article analyzes which emotional and social factors influenced both their motivation and their hours of training.
The proposed work aims to offer an educational proposal with which to approach the Physical Education class with hearing impaired students through the use of different tools, with special attention ...to technological ones. These in turn are structured into objectives, materials, organisation, graphic description and a QR code for each game. These codes are linked to different videos hosted on the YouTube platform, in which the explanation of the games, mentioned above, can be visualised graphically using sign language. The whole creative process is described in the article, as well as possible pedagogical applications of the use of the tools created for this purpose in other educational contexts.
PurposeIn this article, the authors analyse a complex social process affecting historic public paths in rural areas in southern Spain. Despite the fact that urban populations are demanding the ...enhancement of this type of natural heritage for tourism, sports and recreational use, some parts of the network have been abandoned or usurped.Design/methodology/approachThe study is multidisciplinary, comprising three interlinked studies. The cartographic study comprises an inventory of public paths in rural areas based on administrative sources. The legal study analyses local, regional and national regulations governing agricultural, environmental, heritage, sports and tourism uses of the infrastructure. The sociological study analyses social discourses on the uses of public paths, and identifies conflicts between farmers, landowners, environmentalists, sportspeople and tourists.FindingsThe preliminary results identified an important public paths network in Andalusia, approximately 160,000 km. The legal study found that there are laws regulating use, although local authorities do not monitor compliance or provide solutions to enhance management. The sociological study determined the attribution of environmental, cultural and economic value to public paths, but also the existence of conflicts between rural and urban populations.Research limitations/implicationsGiven that this is ongoing research, only state of the art and some preliminary albeit sufficiently consistent results are presented.Practical implicationsThe results could help to guide public policy and governance of public paths.Social implicationsPublic paths promote rural development and a green/sustainable economy.Originality/valueThe research results and conclusions are original.
Dipeptidyl-Peptidase 4 (DPP-4) is a protein expressed in numerous cells and tissues. Recently it has shown its involvement as a catalyst in the inflammatory response in various pulmonary, autoimmune, ...intestinal and other pathologies. The objective of this study was to compare the preoperative serum levels of DPP-4 in patients with and without surgical finding of perivesicular inflammation.
: a cross-sectional analytical study nested in a prospective cohort, including patients scheduled for elective cholecystectomy, without surgical complications, that were 18-70 years of age, with low cardiovascular risk, without a history of peritonitis, pancreatitis, or jaundice and underwent ERCP protocol, type 2 diabetes mellitus, acute inflammatory (Protein C Reactive < 3 mg/L, leucocytes < 10 1000/mm
), neoplastic, nephrologic or liver disease, the use of anti-inflammatory drugs, steroids and/or antibiotics, the use of pacemakers or metallic implants and without major amputations and whom agreed to participate by providing their informed consent. Ethical and Research register: 45-16. Prior to surgery we compiled anthropometric data and a blood sample to determine the serum levels of DPP-4. The presence of perivesicular inflammation was determined in the surgery. The data was analyzed using the statistical program Rstudio.
: High BMI values were observed (27.8 ± 6.4); waist circumference (94.7 ± 15.1) and percentage of fat mass (34.7 ± 11.7), showing a cumulative frequency of 65.9% for overweight/obesity. In 27.3% of the interventions, intraoperative perivesicular inflammation findings were reported. The serum levels of DPP-4 were lower in the group of patients with perivesicular inflammation (3947.6 ± 1659.5 vs. 3053.2 ± 1469.6, LC95% of the difference: 160.4-1628.3), being statistically significant (
= 0.018).
: In the subacute or chronic phases of cholecystitis, there appears to be a constant consumption of DPP-4, which would modulate a better immune response that could be related to the reduction of postoperative complications, so the use of Serum levels of DPP-4 as an early biomarker could improve the diagnostic accuracy of this pathology and the surgical approach.
Since the first Olympic Games, the figure of the athlete has roused enormous passion. One may wonder if nowadays the cultural mechanisms that produce them are analogous and perform the same functions ...as in the past. This article aims to answer these questions. For this purpose, we have relied on the analysis of the discourse from different actors in the 2010 European Symposium of Sports "Thinking Sports, Transforming Society: The EU in favor of citizenship for the XXI Century". The results will provide relevant information about the responsibility of the mass media in the production of a sports spectacle, the role of the big brands and the exemplarity of the sports' elite. In this manner, the need was conveyed of producing a different view of sports, so that in the contest between humanistic values and materialistic values, those who contribute to the welfare of the citizens could achieve glory.
El turismo deportivo de naturaleza ha experimentado una inusitada difusión en las últimas décadas. Se puede decir metafóricamente que una de las últimas revoluciones vividas en el mundo rural ha sido ...la colonización del ocio en sus pueblos y entornos naturales. En las situaciones más paradigmáticas, dicho fenómeno ha transformado lugares aislados y pueblos remotos en paisajes masificados y economías de especulación turística. A este proceso de cambio social y económico ha contribuido las políticas comunitarias de desarrollo rural —programas como LEADER y FEADER implementados de forma continuada entre 1991 y 2020—. Tales políticas han reinventando el espacio rural atribuyéndole nuevos significados materiales, que es la imagen que se pone en valor (tranquiliad, aventura, calidad de vida, etc.) a través de nuevas actividades económicas como el turismo deportivo de naturaleza. Al tratarse de un proceso artificial que transforma un espacio, unos significados y unos modelos de economía ya asentados (la agricultura, la ganadería, la explotación forestal, la caza, etc.), también genera conflictos en la articulación de intereses, algo que se plasmará en las relaciones sociales, políticas y económicas, entre los viejos y nuevos actores del medio rural. El presente artículo aborda este proceso, con la finalidad de proporcionar claves para una adecuada ordenación del turismo deportivo de naturaleza basada en la concertación social.
El deporte ha sido históricamente un lugar de dominación masculina, reservado a un único colectivo: los hombres que cumplen con los requisitos de lo que Connell (1995) denomina masculinidad ...hegemónica (heterosexualidad, desarrollo físico, poca afectividad). Dicha dominación explica la escasa participación de las mujeres y el rechazo de la homosexualidad en la práctica deportiva. A pesar del cambio social experimentado en las sociedades avanzadas, el deporte sigue siendo uno de los pilares más acentuados de la dominación androcéntrica, con gran hostilidad hacia la presencia de gays y lesbianas en sus espacios de práctica, determinando estructural y simbólicamente la institución deportiva. Este artículo analiza el estado de la cuestión de la historia del deporte homosexual, los avances legislativos y normativos, y las principales líneas de investigación que desde las ciencias sociales se han desarrollado hasta nuestros días.
El sedentarismo constituye una de las principales preocupaciones sociales de nuestro tiempo. La mayoría de las personas pasamos gran parte del día sentados, nuestros desplazamientos son más ...frecuentes con medios mecánicos que a pie y las nuevas generaciones hacen poco más deporte que sus coetáneos de hace una década. En otras palabras, los hábitos sedentarios se han normalizado en nuestra sociedad, especialmente entre la población más joven. Para escudriñar en esta realidad, merece preguntarse qué es el sedentarismo según la juventud española. Antes bien, ¿son los jóvenes conscientes de que sus vidas son sedentarias? ¿Co- nocemos los mecanismos culturales que han contribuido a la normalización de este modelo de vida? ¿Qué consecuencias se derivan del estilo de vida sedentario para nuestra salud y bienestar? Nosotros nos hemos preguntado por ello. Desde hace unos años venimos trabajando sobre este asunto, si bien aquí se analizan los resultados de un estudio cualitativo entre los jóvenes adultos españoles. Éste nos proporciona claves para comprender algo mejor este proceso de normalización del sedentarismo entre las nuevas generaciones de ciudadanos.
Artículo compilatorio de la Sección Especial "Desigualdades de Género y Violencia Sexual en el Fútbol y el Deporte en España", realizado en colaboración con The Conversation.
This article analyses the ambivalent situation regarding sport in Spain, as a result of the predominance of a double morality (elite sport and sports for all). It does so by taking a diachronic look ...at the democratisation of sport in Spain. The thesis is that the Spanish administration prioritises policies for elite sport and these hinder the development of grassroots sports and sports for all. The study aims to examine this thesis by using two main sources of statistical and sociological data regarding sport: the Survey of Sport Habits in Spain (SSHS; Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas CIS, 2010) - based on a survey of 8,925 individuals; and the National Census of Sporting Facilities (NCSF; Consejo Superior de Deportes CSD, 2005), carried out in the 8,116 municipalities of the country. The results show that, despite the successes and the triumphalism of the national media regarding competitive sports in Spain, thanks to the victories of famous athletes and the national soccer team, the reality of the practice of sport in Spain is quite different. The majority of the population does not practice sport, most of the sport facilities were constructed before 1995 and, lastly, sports policy - focused on high performance sport and entertainment - is the cause of a significant sports gap.
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