CPI-1189 is a compound with antioxidant properties that blocks tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) effects in animal models. It has neuroprotective properties in model systems for HIV-associated ...neurotoxicity and thus is a candidate for neuroprotective therapy in humans with HIV-associated CNS disease.
To assess the tolerability and safety of CPI-1189 in treating HIV-associated cognitive-motor impairment.
Sixty-four subjects with mild to moderate HIV-associated cognitive-motor impairment were randomized to receive either placebo or 50 or 100 mg daily of CPI-1189 in addition to optimal HIV therapy. Subjects were followed prospectively in a double-masked study for 10 weeks. The primary assessment was tolerability and safety of the compound. Secondary objectives examined neuropsychological and functional change associated with this treatment.
The study compound was well tolerated, with 91% of CPI-1189-treated subjects and 76% of placebo-treated subjects completing the trial. Skin rash was seen equally in placebo and active arms, but the only study withdrawals due to skin rash occurred in CPI-1189-treated subjects (n = 2). One subject developed a cataract on drug (100 mg/day). CD4 lymphocyte counts and plasma HIV viral load remained stable in all groups throughout the trial. No significant treatment effects were observed on the change in composite Z-scores for eight neuropsychologic measures (NPZ-8). The Grooved Pegboard Test (nondominant) showed improved performance with CPI-1189 at 100 mg/day (p = 0.01), but no other neuropsychometric or functional measures demonstrated significant improvement.
CPI-1189 was well tolerated in HIV subjects with cognitive-motor disorder. This study was not powered to conclusively determine efficacy and showed no consistent treatment-associated improvement in cognitive or functional measures.
We present the results of a study of a large sample of A and Am stars with spectral types from LAMOST and light curves from WASP. We find that, unlike normal A stars, \(\delta\) Sct pulsations in Am ...stars are mostly confined to the effective temperature range 6900 \(<\) \(T_{\rm eff}\) \(<\) 7600 K. We find evidence that the incidence of pulsations in Am stars decreases with increasing metallicism (degree of chemical peculiarity). The maximum amplitude of the pulsations in Am stars does not appear to vary significantly with metallicism. The amplitude distributions of the principal pulsation frequencies for both A and Am stars appear very similar and agree with results obtained from Kepler photometry. We present evidence that suggests turbulent pressure is the main driving mechanism in pulsating Am stars, rather than the \(\kappa\)-mechanism, which is expected to be suppressed by gravitational settling in these stars.
To determine whether the human T-cell lymphoma-leukemia virus (HTLV) is associated with particular cancers, patient sera were surveyed for HTLV-specific antibodies. An association was seen with ...aggressive cancers of mature T-cells, specifically Japanese adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) and T-cell lymphosarcoma cell leukemia (TLCL), a similar cancer of Caribbean blacks. Ninety to 100% of these patients possessed HTLV-specific antibody. Forty-seven and 20% of relatives of ATL and TLCL patients, respectively, and 12 and 4% of healthy donors from ATL and TLCL endemic areas were also antibody positive. Visceral organ involvement, hypercalcemia, and skin manifestation, features of ATL and TLCL, were often seen in other antibody-positive patients. Childhood cancers, most cutaneous T-cell and all non-T-cell leukemias and lymphomas, myeloid leukemias, Hodgkin's disease, and solid tumors were not associated with HTLV. Healthy United States donors and European patients with non-malignant diseases were antibody negative. HTLV is thus associated with a subtype of adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma, clustered in viral endemic areas, with apparent racial and geographic predilection.
A longitudinal analysis of the psychological well-being of 81 young children ages 6–11 living with their HIV symptomatic or AIDS diagnosed mothers was conducted. Specifically, the relationship among ...mothers’ disease severity, maternal disclosure of HIV, and children’s psychological well-being was investigated. The children were assessed over three time points (i.e. baseline assessment, 6- month and 1-year follow-up). Two categories of maternal disclosure (disclosed before baseline, no disclosure at any of the three time points over 1-year), and two categories of disease severity (< 500 T-cell count across all assessments, 500+) were created. A series of 2 × 2 × 3 repeated measures MANOVAs was used to assess the effects of the maternal disclosure and disease severity across time on children’s psychological well-being. Results showed significant within-group time effects for child depression, suggesting a decrease in depression over time. Interaction results of time and maternal disclosure revealed only a few significant changes over time. However, significant decreases over time for child depression were noted among children whose mothers’ CD4 cell counts remained at 500+ across the three assessment periods. Implications for future research and for psychosocial needs of these families are discussed.
The Pearson-Readhead Survey from space Preston, R.A.; Tingay, S.J.; Murphy, D.W. ...
Advances in space research,
01/2000, Volume:
26, Issue:
4
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
The VSOP Space VLBI mission uses the HALCA spacecraft, launched from Japan in February 1997, in conjunction with ground radio observatories around the world to create a high resolution ...radio-wavelength imaging facility. We are using this unique facility to observe a complete sample of Pearson-Readhead Survey sources (Pearson and Readhead 1988) at 4.8 GHz, to determine core brightness temperatures and pc-scale jet properties. In addition we are obtaining matched-resolution 15 GHz observations using the VLBA at epochs close in time to the space VLBI observations to investigate the spectral indices of these sources at high resolution.
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