It is found that temperature in the range of 25–60 °C affects the size and ζ-potential of dispersed phase domains, as well as specific conductance (χ), pH, UV absorption spectra and fluorescence of ...the succinic acid (SA)—water system with an SA concentration of 1 · 10
−5
mol L
−1
. It was demonstrated that there is an interrelation between non-monotonic temperature dependences of the size and ζ-potential of domains, optical density (
A
260
), fluorescence intensity (λ
ex
= 260 nm, λ
em
= 425 nm), the χ and pH values of the system, which have extrema at 40 and 50 °C.
The relationship between non-monotonic concentration dependencies of the size of the dispersed phase (nanoassociates), physicochemical properties (specific electrical conductivity, pH), and ...fluorescence intensity (λ
ex
225 nm, λ
em
340 nm) of a multi-component dispersed system based on herbicide
N
-(phosphonomethyl)glycine and its effect on the development of some hydrobionts and on the inhibition of
Triticum vulgare
wheat root growth in the range of calculated concentrations 1·10
−19
−1·10
−3
g L
−1
is established for the first time. The obtained results indicate that coherent changes in fluorescence intensity, physicochemical properties, and bioeffects are related to the rearrangement of nanoassociates which accompanies the dilution of the systems.
New pharmacological compositions based on water-soluble pectin metal complexes PG-NaCaFe and PG-NaFeCoCu (PG is polygalacturonate) in weight ratios of 6: 1, 9: 1, and 12: 1 promising for pharmacology ...and medicine as drugs for the treatment of both iron deficiency and pernicious anemia are developed. According to the testing results on males of the Sprague Dawley rat line
in vivo
, the most pronounced increase in the number of erythrocytes and hematocrit is observed upon the introduction of the composition with the 9: 1 PG-NaCaFe to PG-NaFeCoCu weight ratio indicating the highest efficiency of this complex drug.
A complex of physicochemical methods determined the relationship between the non-monotonic concentration dependencies of the size, ζ-potential of the dispersed phase, surface tension, fluorescence ...intensity (λ
ex
= 230 nm, λ
em
= 340 nm) of diluted aqueous systems of malic acid (MA) and their effect on the population of green algae
Chlorella vulgaris
and root growth of wheat
Triticum vulgare
. It was shown that the non-toxic, selective effect of MA systems on plant organisms occurs in the range of calculated concentrations, at which the greatest changes in the parameters of the dispersed phase, the surface tension, and the fluorescence intensity of the systems are observed.
A relationship between the nonmonotonic concentration dependences of the size of the dispersed phase (nanoassociates), physicochemical properties (electric conductivity, pH, redox potential), and ...fertility of hydrobionts under the action of solutions of citric (CA) and succinic (SA) acids in low concentrations was established. Solutions of CA stimulate the fertility of
Paramecium caudatum
infusoria and
Chlorella vulgaris
algae in a wide range of formation of domains and nanoassociates (1•10
–13
–1•10
–5
mol L
–1
), whereas solutions of SA exert almost no effect on the fertility and slightly inhibit it only in a range of nanoassociate formation at the calculated concentrations from 1•10
–17
to 1•10
–14
mol L
–1
.
The results of studies in which the relationship of the self-organization, physicochemical properties, and bioeffects in dilute aqueous solutions of various biologically active substances sustained ...under natural and reduced levels of external physical fields (geomagnetic and low-frequency electromagnetic), as well as under exposure to ionizing radiation solutions studied by the complex of physicochemical methods, are considered. The established patterns can be used to create a scientific base related to the clarification of the mechanisms of the negative influence of hypomagnetic conditions on the functioning of living organisms necessary to ensure the normal operation of the ecosystem of spacecraft during flights.
Self-organization, physicochemical properties (specific electrical conductivity, surface tension), UV absorption, and fluorescence of aqueous herbicide compositions based on
N
...-(phosphonomethyl)glycine and plant growth regulator succinic acid (SA) were studied in a range of herbicide concentrations of 1·10
−19
−1·10
−1
g L
−1
at the constant concentrations of SA 1·10
−3
g L
−1
(series
1
) and 1·10
−13
g L
−1
(series
2
). Such compositions are used in agriculture for decreasing toxic effects on cultural plants and environment. A comparison of the nonmonotonic concentration dependences of the size and ξ-potential of the disperse phase, properties, and bioeffects of systems
1
and
2
revealed significant distinctions in these compositions in the ability of self-organization and surfactant properties, which can cause, as a whole, their substantial difference in the degree of harmful influence on aquatic life and higher plants. The influence of the compositions of series
1
is accompanied by a decrease in the harmful effect on the chosen biological test objects compared to the herbicide, and that of series
2
results in an almost complete elimination of the harmful effect against multicellular organisms (cladocerans and wheat roots) and an insignificant effect on unicellular aquatic life (infusoria and algae). The influence of the compositions of series
2
on aquatic life is related to the formation of a negatively charged disperse phase accompanied by an increase in the fluorescence intensity in a range of 300–360 nm (λ
exc
= 225 nm).
The formation of complexes of sodium polygalacturonate with the antimicrobial drug tetracycline was confirmed by UV spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, and dynamic light scattering. The ...stoichiometry of the complexes with the maximum tetracycline content (6.68 wt.%) was determined. The morphological characteristics of the synthesized complexes were studied by scanning electron microscopy in comparison with the initial compounds.
The formation of stable complexes of pectin polysaccharides with 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4,6- dimethyl-1,2-dihydropyrimidin-2-one (Xymedon drug) was shown by UV and IR spectro scopy, dynamic light ...scattering, and polarimetry. The stoichiometry of the complexes was determined, and their synthesis conditions were optimized. Specific features of the thermal decomposition of pectin and synthesized complexes with Xymedon were studied by the TG/DSC method. The results obtained allow one to substantially extend ranges of using Xymedon in medicine.
It has been shown for the first time that aqueous solutions of quaternary phosphonium salts (cetyltributylphosphonium bromide, cetyltriphenylphosphonium bromide) in the range of 1 × 10
−2
-1 × 10
−18 ...
mol/L are disperse systems. The nature of the disperse phase changes as the solution is diluted, starting from micelles (1 × 10
−4
-1 × 10
−2
mol/L), translating into molecule-water domains (1 × 10
−6
-1 × 10
−4
mol/L) and nanoassociates (1 × 10
−18
-1 × 10
−6
mol/L). The effect that these compounds' solutions have on the growth and development of hydrobionts (infusoria Paramecium caudatum and single-celled algae Chlorella vulgaris) in the low concentrations range has been studied for the first time. It was found that at a concentration less than 1 × 10
−6
mol/L the nonmonotonic concentration dependences of the physicochemical properties and bioeffects of the systems are related to the formation and rearrangement of nanoassociates.
