The timing large area plastic scintillation detectors with silicon photomultipliers as photosensors properties were investigated using a cosmic radiation at the ground level. Different techniques of ...the amplitude spectra and efficiency measurements were implemented. The measurements results are presented.
U,
U,
Pu, and
Pu antineutrino spectra were obtained from the measurement done by the near detector in Double Chooz experiment. Method of converting the experimental positron spectrum into the ...antineutrino one has been developed. The spectrum conversion function obtained from Monte Carlo calculations is used. The experimental antineutrino spectrum taken by this method corresponds to a certain fuel composition of a nuclear reactor core in parts of fission. It is possible to split the experimental antineutrino spectrum on nuclear fuel components spectra. Nuclear fuel individual isotope antineutrino spectra from uranium and plutonium were fitted by the calculated ones obtained by summation of individual fragment spectra. In the calculation, a strength function was used to describe the probability distribution of beta transitions for unknown fragments. The most accurate experimental cross sections of inverse beta decay reaction measured in a number of experiments are consistent with sections calculated on base of our experimental and calculated
U,
U,
Pu, and
Pu antineutrino spectra.
Fermi-LAT has made a significant contribution to the study of high-energy gamma-ray diffuse emission and the observation of ∼3000 discrete sources. However, one third of all gamma-ray sources (both ...galactic and extragalactic) are unidentified, the data on the diffuse gamma-ray emission should be clarified, and signatures of dark matter particles in the high-energy gamma-ray range are not observed up to now. GAMMA-400, currently developing gamma-ray telescope, will have the angular (∼0.01° at 100 GeV) and energy (∼1% at 100 GeV) resolutions in the energy range of 10-1000 GeV better than the Fermi-LAT (as well as ground gamma-ray telescopes) by a factor of 5-10 and observe some regions of the Universe (such as Galactic Center, Fermi Bubbles, Crab, Cygnus, etc.) in the highly elliptic orbit (without shading the telescope by the Earth) continuously for a long time. It will permit to identify many discrete sources, to clarify the structure of extended sources, to specify the data on the diffuse emission, and to resolve gamma rays from dark matter particles.
Investigation of the Earth’s inner parts requires developing new methods. It is well known that atmospheric neutrinos traverse the Earth, undergoing virtually no interaction. The change in the ...neutrino flux is due exclusively to neutrino oscillations, which are enhanced by the effect of Earth’s matter. At the present time, there are two projects outside Russia (PINGU and ORCA) that are aimed at detecting atmospheric neutrinos that traversed the Earth, which are supposed to be used for purposes of Earth’s tomography. The creation of a large neutrino detector on the basis of a liquid scintillator is planned at the BaksanNeutrino Observatory (Institute for Nuclear Research, Russian Academy of Sciences) in the North Caucasus. After testing this detector, there will arise the possibility of employing it as part of the worldwide network of neutrino detectors for studying the Earth’s inner parts.
Introduction.
The article raises the question of the causes, conditions and circumstances of the development of intelligence, the existence and possibility of the emergence of intelligence in ...ontogenesis or phylogenesis. It seems necessary to understand the features of the formation of personality and subjectivity in individual or collective development, which, in turn, requires an understanding of issues relevant to the domestic intelligentsia: the relationship / conjugation of personal and public, public and state, state and personal. At the same time, intercultural and interpersonal communication acts as a real field for objectification and deobjectification of values and the realization of intelligence as a personality trait, and reflection is the mechanism for improving intelligence.
Materials and Methods.
The study of the social existence of intelligence in ontogenesis and phylogenies was carried out from the standpoint of modern psychological approaches: axiological; activity; systemic; subjective. Within the framework of these scientific positions, the main methods for obtaining scientific information in this study were: analysis; abstraction; analogy; deduction; generalization; synthesis; comparison.
Results.
Intelligence is a dynamic structure, the core of which is the value-semantic sphere, a high level of culture and education, and the field for the implementation of intelligence is social subjective activity. At the same time, interpersonal communication with representatives of the intelligentsia or subjects of intelligence is a necessary condition for its development in the personality structure. Communication acts as a medium and source for the development of intelligence. Since intelligence always manifests itself in relation to another, others, nature and oneself, it develops in various forms of collective interaction and communication.
Discussions and Conclusions.
The communicative and reflexive nature of intelligence, as well as its focus on the implementation of the ideas of justice and equality between social subjects, allow us to say that the real field of its implementation and objectification into objects of social activity is inters objective interaction. This, in turn, is realized and functions in the field of culture, the processes of objectification and deobjectification of values. Intelligence is a dynamic structure, the core of which is the value-semantic sphere, a high level of culture and education, and the field for the implementation of intelligence is social subjective activity.
The complex for ground testing and space detector system calibration has been designed. The fast multilayer scintillation detector of the new telescope-spectrometer for the ALFA-ELECTRON space ...experiment is in ground testing mode now. The device will planned to install on the outer surface of the Russian Segment of the International Space Station. The basic scheme for the detector amplitude parameters measurement by use of specially designed hardware and software are described and the first prototype testing results are demonstrated.
The spectral, temperature, and field dependences of the Faraday effect in the IR spectral range have been studied in single crystals of the CoFe
2
O
4
ferrimagnetic spinel. It is established that the ...magneto-optical quality factor of CoFe
2
O
4
spinel varies from –60 to +20°/dB in a wavelength range of 1.5–10 μm and weakly depends on the temperature in a 200–300 K interval. Physical mechanisms are proposed that may be responsible for the Faraday effect.
Introduction.
Solving the problems of identifying and explaining the functioning of intelligence in the structure of personality involves at least two aspects: the first is aimed at its development ...and functioning, the second is aimed at establishing the mechanisms for the development of intelligence, manifested in the personality-subject mental reality. The author, consistently solving the problems of analyzing the mental mechanisms of the development of intelligence, identifies those, and also comes to the conclusion about which of them performs the syncretic function and the function of integration.
Materials and Methods.
To solve the problems defined in the article as the main methodology, the authors use systematic, activity-oriented, complex and axiological approaches focused on the analysis of intelligence and the features of its functioning. As the main research methods, theoretical (hypothetical-deductive method, conceptualization), general logical (analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction, comparison and analogy) and empirical (expert survey, observation, analysis of independent characteristics and results of activity) methods of scientific research are used.
Results.
Applying the methodology of systematic research for a consistent theoretical analysis of the real mental properties of a person and their manifestation in activity, the author comes to the conclusion that the main psychological mechanisms for the development of the intelligence of a future officer are adaptation, cultivation, internalization, exteriorization, intellectualization, existentialization. They are closely related to the social mechanisms of the formation of subjectivity, which include socialization, education, aestheticization, creativity and inclusion in joint activities. It has been established that a syncretic function in the development of the intelligence of a future officer in the structure of the psyche is performed by the mechanism of cultivation, ensuring the unity of the functioning of these processes in the mental reality of the subject.
Discussion and Conclusions.
The establishment of the mechanisms for the development of the intelligence of a future officer, their essence and structure, as well as the features of their functioning and interaction with other mental processes, allows us to comprehensively understand the process of development of the personality and subjectivity of a cadet in a military educational organization of higher education. The results of the study can be used in scientific research and in educational activities.
The article describes the method for modifying the scintillation calorimeter detectors
3 (
) and
4 (
) of the GAMMA-400 space complex in order to obtain the possibility of detecting neutrons produced ...in the process of passing electrons (positrons) and high-energy protons through detector matter. The presented method will allow to increase the rejection factor of background radiation without degrading the basic capabilities of the detectors
and
.
Introduction.
Based on modern social trends, the demand becomes not only for professionally trained people, but also for the level of their general culture, value system and, ultimately, ...intelligence. At the same time, there is no place for intellectuals and educating intellectuals in program documents on educational activities, although this task is very logical for the pedagogical practice of a developed society. This work presents the experience of the author's analysis of the psychological nature of the intelligence of an officer. Consistently considering the essence and structure of such a complex phenomenon, the structure and the real functioning of the values that allow characterizing the subject as an intellectual are ascertained.
Materials and methods.
As the main research methodology, the authors use sociological (I.S. Kon), culturological adapted to solve the problems of this work (M.S. Kagan), historiographic (A.V. Popov), systemic (I.V. Blauberg, V.A. Lektersky, V.N. Sadovsky, S.L. Rubinstein, M.S. Kagan, N.V. Kuzmina) and functional approaches (P.K. Anokhin, M.S. Kagan, N. Wiener). The main research methods were: hypothetical-deductive method; analysis, synthesis, comparison, analogy and abstraction; systemic method and modeling.
Results.
The result of the study is that the authors identified and justified the structural psychological qualities of intelligence as the subjective characteristics of an officer and examined the basic mechanisms of formation of intellectual values.
Discussion and Conclusions.
The required criteria for being intelligent as a subject characteristics of an officer is the level of education (self education)of an officer, his manners, the scope of his values , existential assessment –correlating every fact he faces with general life-span problems of objective reality, having respect for values of others and being ready for talk to employees and superiors as well as the representatives of other social groups, other cultures, nationalities, confessions and professions which requires dialog in search of optimal forms and options of interaction. The cornerstone principle for intelligence of the officer are, therefore, his education and upbringing, ideological conviction in his own values and readiness for self-sacrifice for their sake.
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