At the Baksan Neutrino Observatory (Institute for Nuclear Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow) deployed in the Caucasus mountains, it is proposed to create, at a depth corresponding to 4760 ...mwe, a large-volume neutrino detector on the basis of a liquid scintillator with a target mass of 10 kt. The detector in question is intended for recording natural fluxes of neutrinos whose energy may be as low as 100MeV. Neutrino fluxes from various sources are considered in the present study, and the expected effect in the proposed detector is estimated. The detector hat is being developed at the Baksan Neutrino Observatorywill become part of the world network of neutrino detectors for studying natural neutrino fluxes.
A large plastic scintillation detector system with silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) readout has been developed as a prototype for future astroparticle experiments’ detectors. A set of SiPM connected in ...parallel was used in order to enlarge the light collection effective area and thus enhance the detector's amplitude and timing performance. Here we report on the values of time resolution and scintillation detection efficiency of such a system for different types of SiPM as a function of the distance between the scintillation strip edge with photomultipliers attached to it, and the penetrating particle. Results of a special simulation study of the system's amplitude and timing performance as a function of the SiPM radiation aging are also presented.
The future space-based γ-ray telescope GAMMA-400 will be installed on the Navigator platform of the Russian astrophysical observatory. A highly elliptical orbit will allow prolonged (~100 days) ...continuous observations of many regions of the celestial sphere for 7–10 years. GAMMA-400 will measure fluxes of γ‑ray emission in the energy range of ~20 MeV to several TeV and electrons + positrons to ~20 TeV. The γ-ray telescope will have excellent separation of γ-ray emissions against the background of cosmic rays and electrons + positrons from protons, along with unprecedented angular (~0.01° at
E
γ
= 100 GeV) and energy (~1% at
E
γ
= 100 GeV) resolutions 5–10 times better than for the Fermi-LAT and ground-based γ-ray telescopes. GAMMA-400 observations will provide fundamentally new data on discrete sources and spectra of γ-ray emissions and electrons + positrons.
A setup for measuring natural-radioactivity backgrounds and ultralow concentrations of the isotope sup.14C in samples of a liquid organic scintillator was created at the low-background laboratory of ...the Baksan Neutrino Observatory (Institute for Nuclear Research, Russian Academy of Sciences) at a depth of 4900 mwe. The concentration of the radiocarbon sup.14C in a sample of a scintillator based on domestically produced linear alkylbenzene was measured, and itwas found that sup.14C/sup.12C (3.3 + or - 0.5) x 10.sup.-17.
Currently, the final stage of the ground tests for the technological detector of the high-energy gamma-ray telescope (GRT) GAMMA-400 are finished. The new space GRT will accept the gamma-rays with ...energy more than 400 MeV and is aimed to open our eyes for so-called “dark matter” problem in the Universe. The high-speed scintillation detectors system (SDS) is used one of the main GRT particle detectors and the good ground test measurements will let the future space mission to get the reliable data. This paper describes the software and hardware of the laboratory control and calibration systems for physical measurements of GRT STDS properties.
The reflection and magnetic reflection spectra, magnetic resistance, electrical properties, and equatorial Kerr effect in La
0.7
Ca
0.3
MnO
3
crystals have been complexly investigated. The ...measurements have been performed in wide temperature and spectral ranges in magnetic fields up to 3.5 kOe. It has been found that magnetic reflection is a high-frequency response in the infrared spectral range to the colossal magnetore-sistance near the Curie temperature. Correlation between the field and temperature dependences of the magnetic reflection and colossal magnetoresistance has been revealed. The previously developed theory of the magnetorefractive effect for metallic systems makes it possible to explain the experimental data at the qualitative level. Both demerits of the theory of the magnetorefractive effect in application to the magnets and possible additional mechanisms responsible for the magnetic reflection are discussed.
The article presents a hardware and software complex for ground tests of onboard charged particle spectrometers that are designed at the National Research Nuclear University MEPhI for monitoring of ...nuclear-physical factors of space weather and can be installed in a wide class of satellites. The structural scheme and operating principles of component parts are discussed. The main algorithm and software features are presented. The technique of ground spectrometer tests and calibrations in various measurement modes at atmospheric cosmic particle flows, both in autonomous laboratories and in interface tests as part of a satellite, is also described.
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