Many applications and fields produce a vast quantity of time-relevant or continuously changing data which may represent new phenomena. This data stream behavior is known as Concept Drift. The need to ...efficiently and accurately process online data streams is a current need in many areas. Concept drift is a cause of performance degradation of classical machine learning approaches. It is necessary to address the concept drift to deploy real-world applications fed by data streams. This work presents a perspective of Concept Drift Detector (CDD) application to empower a data stream classifier in a real-world scenario followed by the proposal of Concept Drift Detector based on Typicality and Eccentricity Data Analytics (TEDA-CDD). Our method employs two models in monitoring the data stream in order to keep the information of a previous concept whereas monitoring the emergence of a new concept. The models are considered to represent two distinct concepts when the intersection of data samples are significantly low, described by the Jaccard Index. TEDA-CDD is compared to known methods from literature in experiments using synthetic and real-world datasets simulating real-world applications. In these experiments, TEDA-CDD performs comparably in terms of accuracy against well-established algorithms whereas presenting higher memory efficiency.
As industry and economy progress, human exposure to artificial light increases. Thus, the aim was to analyze the scientific evidence about the light pollution effect on human health, focusing on the ...main human pathologies and the types of polluting lights. A systematic review was carried out following the PRISMA guidelines, searching for original articles in the PubMed/Medline, Scielo and Web of Science, using the descriptors (lighttitle) AND (health), and the key words "light pollution" and "(light at night) AND (health)". The result shows that human exposure occurs through lights from electronic devices and artificial (ambient, and external) light at night. Human alterations most described were sleep disturbances, circadian rhythm, melatonin, and cortisol alterations. In addition, were described mood alterations and depression, alterations in spermatogenesis, ocular structures, thermoregulation, and other cardiovascular diseases. The pathways described were: i) changes in melatonin levels, and circadian rhythm, ii) directly stimulation of photoreceptors sensitive to light in ganglion cells, iii) activation of oxidative stress, and iv) alteration in specific metabolites by activating stress genes. It is concluded that the increase in exposure to artificial light triggers mainly sleep and mood disorders, with light from electronic devices and artificial night the mains source of pollution.
Pain management plays an essential role in postoperative recovery after lung surgeries. The Erector Spinae Plane Block (ESPB) is a widely used regional anaesthesia technique; however, few clinical ...trials have compared this block to active control in thoracic surgeries. This study evaluated the non-inferiority of the analgesia provided by ESPB when compared to paravertebral block (PVB) in lung surgeries.
Randomised, active-controlled, blinded for patients and assessors, non-inferiority trial. Patients who underwent unilateral lung surgeries were divided into two groups according to the regional anaesthesia technique-continuous ESPB or PVB at the T5 level. The primary outcome was to assess pain using a numerical rating scale (NRS) with a test of the interaction of three measures over 24 h postoperatively. An NRS score ≥ 7 was considered analgesia failure, and the prespecified non-inferiority margin was 10%.
In the interim analysis that terminated this study, 120 participants were enrolled. ESPB patients reported higher mean NRS general values over 24 h, 4.6 ± 3.2 in the ESPB group versus 3.9 ± 2.9 in the PVB group, with a difference of -0.67 (-15.2%) and 95%CI: -1.29 to -0.05 (p = .02), demonstrating not non-inferiority. In addition, the ESPB group presented higher NRS failure of analgesia over 24 h (p < .01) and required more postoperative opioids (p = .01 over 24 h). There was no difference in patient satisfaction between groups.
This trial demonstrated that a continuous erector spinae plane block was not non-inferior to a continuous paravertebral block for analgesia after lung surgery but resulted in higher levels of postoperative pain and opioid consumption.
Contração volumétrica da Uva 'Itália' Ferreira, Edilene Alves; Neto, Acácio Figueiredo; Costa, Marylia de Sousa ...
Revista em agronegócio e meio ambiente,
03/2021, Volume:
14, Issue:
2
Journal Article
Open access
A desidrataçâo de frutas é um mercado promissor e pouco explorado no Brasil. Um dos principais problemas da remoçâo da água das frutas é a perda de qualidade em funçâo das alteraçöes estruturais, por ...conta do elevado teor de água. Objetivou-se neste trabalho analisar a contraçâo volumétrica durante a secagem de bagas de uva 'Itália'. Os frutos foram submetidos a secagem em condiçöes controladas de temperaturas (60 e 70 °C) até atingir teor de umidade final de equilibrio do ar. Foram construidas as curvas de secagem, determinadas propriedades físicas, o índice de contraçâo volumétrica e o ajuste de modelos matemáticos as curvas de secagem e de contraçâo volumétrica. O tempo de secagem perdurou 38 e 48 horas para as temperaturas de 60 e 70 °C, quando atingiram teores de umidade próximos a 20% (base seca). Houve maior contraçâo volumétrica das bagas sob temperatura de 70 °C. O modelo matemático que melhor se ajustou a análise de contraçâo volumétrica a 60 °C foi o modelo de Correa et al. (2011) e o de exponencial a 70 °C.
O relato de experiência aqui apresentado é o registro de um projeto de intervenção desenvolvido como parte das atividades de estágio supervisionado do curso de Pedagogia em uma instituição de ...Educação Infantil. A partir da observação e conversas com a professora responsável por uma turma de crianças de cinco anos de idade, verificou-se a escassez de brinquedos e materiais com os quais as crianças pudessem brincar. O projeto de intervenção foi desenvolvido para possibilitar que as crianças produzissem e brincassem com brinquedos confeccionados a partir de materiais recicláveis. As atividades de estágio aqui registradas puderam promover o encontro do estagiário com sua “criança interior” e dar segurança de que é possível desenvolver uma pedagogia da infância que não esteja focada em reproduzir a forma escolar.
Advances in technology allowed the fast and easy creation and configuration of industrial alarms. The growth in the number of alarms, however, brought some problems to the alarm management systems, ...for example, alarm flooding. In this paper, it is propose a new method to detect the causal relationships between industrial alarm variables using Transfer Entropy theory and the structural learning of the Bayesian networks K2 Algorithm as its fundamental basis. This work argues that the detection of these relationships can help to reduce the number of alarms in the alarm management systems, avoiding the overloading of operators in case of plant failures. To validate the proposal, a case study using the well-known plant-wide simulator Tennessee Eastman Process was performed. In this study case the graph of the causal relationships obtained by the proposed method was compatible with the system functioning.
•Joining of Transfer Entropy and Bayesian Networks for detecting causal relationships.•A method for alarm flooding reduction.•Production of a machine-learned pre-order for K2 algorithm.
Predicting system faults is critical to improving productivity, reducing costs, and enforcing safety in industrial processes. Yet, traditional methodologies frequently falter due to the intricate ...nature of the task. This research presents a novel use of spiking neural networks (SNNs) in anticipating faults in syntactical time series, utilizing the generalized stochastic Petri net (GSPN) model. The inherent ability of SNNs to process both time and space aspects of data positions them as a prime instrument for this endeavor. A comparative evaluation with long short-term memory (LSTM) networks suggests that SNNs offer comparable robustness and performance.
A new family of IC based alloys termed 'Nicralc' was proposed as a substitute for high temperature abrasion and erosion resistant cobalt alloys. The new alloy family presents microstructures ...containing hard chromium carbides dispersed in a continuous *g(L12), Ni-Al-Cr ordered intermetallic matrix. Alloy design aimed at matrix compositions similar to IC-221, with chromium and carbon added. Modelling of the Ni-Al-Cr-C phase diagram was undertaken using ThermoCalc calculations. A customized thermodynamic database (NICRALC) assembled from different databases was used to calculate the liquidus, solidification sequence and equilibrium phases of compositions near the *g' + carbide field. The solidification sequence was studied experimentally using DTA, OM and SEM, X-ray diffraction of sections and of extracted carbides. Different carbide structures were obtained, depending on the composition. Hypoeutectic alloys presented *g'/*g dendrites and interdendritic eutectic *g' + carbide. Hypereutectic alloys presented a bi-modal carbide distribution, with large proeutectic carbides within a fine *g' + carbide matrix, suitable for producing in situ composites by directional solidification.
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