The OSIRIS-REx Camera Suite (OCAMS) onboard the OSIRIS-REx spacecraft is used to study the shape and surface of the mission’s target, asteroid (101955) Bennu, in support of the selection of a ...sampling site. We present calibration methods and results for the three OCAMS cameras—MapCam, PolyCam, and SamCam—using data from pre-flight and in-flight calibration campaigns. Pre-flight calibrations established a baseline for a variety of camera properties, including bias and dark behavior, flat fields, stray light, and radiometric calibration. In-flight activities updated these calibrations where possible, allowing us to confidently measure Bennu’s surface. Accurate calibration is critical not only for establishing a global understanding of Bennu, but also for enabling analyses of potential sampling locations and for providing scientific context for the returned sample.
OCAMS: The OSIRIS-REx Camera Suite Rizk, B.; Drouet d’Aubigny, C.; Golish, D. ...
Space science reviews,
02/2018, Volume:
214, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
The OSIRIS-REx Camera Suite (OCAMS) will acquire images essential to collecting a sample from the surface of Bennu. During proximity operations, these images will document the presence of satellites ...and plumes, record spin state, enable an accurate model of the asteroid’s shape, and identify any surface hazards. They will confirm the presence of sampleable regolith on the surface, observe the sampling event itself, and image the sample head in order to verify its readiness to be stowed. They will document Bennu’s history as an example of early solar system material, as a microgravity body with a planetesimal size-scale, and as a carbonaceous object. OCAMS is fitted with three cameras. The MapCam will record color images of Bennu as a point source on approach to the asteroid in order to connect Bennu’s ground-based point-source observational record to later higher-resolution surface spectral imaging. The SamCam will document the sample site before, during, and after it is disturbed by the sample mechanism. The PolyCam, using its focus mechanism, will observe the sample site at sub-centimeter resolutions, revealing surface texture and morphology. While their imaging requirements divide naturally between the three cameras, they preserve a strong degree of functional overlap. OCAMS and the other spacecraft instruments will allow the OSIRIS-REx mission to collect a sample from a microgravity body on the same visit during which it was first optically acquired from long range, a useful capability as humanity reaches out to explore near-Earth, Main-Belt and Jupiter Trojan asteroids.
The elimination of urban-rural differences in the Medicare prospective payment system (PPS) standard rates implies a need to re-examine all the PPS payment adjustments. Refinements for case mix, ...outliers, and the wage index can make a significant contribution to avoiding payment disparities in a single-rate system. However, changes in the adjustments for teaching and disproportionate-share (DSH) hospitals are also needed. The typically urban location of these hospitals makes it difficult to balance PPS payments and costs among major groups of urban and rural hospitals without some form of higher payment for all hospitals located in large urban areas.
This article theorizes chronic crises of care parents face concerning how to morally/ethically support their young adult child diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD). Grounded in five ...years’ attendance at a support group for families living with BPD and interviews with parents, the article asks: In the era of deinstitutionalization of those with mental illness, what are the moral/ethical dimensions of parents’ experiences caring for their young adult? The concept of demoralization and “moral breakdown,” an ethical crisis demanding a resolution, characterizes parents’ experiences. The parents featured convey anguished struggles over what they ought to do in a context where risks are high, and nothing parents do seems right. I suggest that dwelling indefinitely in demoralizing care is untenable and that a state of demoralization emerges as a testimony to the parents’ inability to identify a morally/ethically acceptable resolution to the crises of care.
This volume grows out of an initiative in the World Bank on resource allocation and purchasing ('RAP'), which started in 2000, and continues to publish articles and books related to strategic ...purchasing. The initiative emerged from such questions in developing economies as: why do individuals need help in purchasing health services from providers? Is the 'middleman' really necessary? Can people not just buy health services in the same way they would go to the local market to buy bread, milk, or fruit, especially since, throughout most of history that is what most people did? When sick, they contacted local healers directly. Public policy historically was limited largely to protecting the sick against charlatans and was enforced through ethical codes such as the Hippocratic Oath. There was no expensive technology, and most serious conditions led to death. Loss of employment and burial costs were the most expensive parts of illness. With industrialization and the scientific revolution, all this changed. As understanding about the causes, prevention, and treatment of illness expanded, interventions become more complex and expensive. Health care was no longer the exclusive domain of traditional healers. Partly because of the complexities involved, the World Bank's new health, nutrition, and population strategy has noted that 'countries increasingly not only want to know what to do (with health systems) but also how to do it, particularly how to design and manage the transition from current to reformed systems.' This volume is a step in that direction, to help countries design, manage, and implement reforms related to strategic purchasing with an emphasis on changing their provider payment systems.
ABSTRACT We describe a new mm-wave molecular-line mapping survey of the southern Galactic Plane and its first data releases. The Three-mm Ultimate Mopra Milky Way Survey (ThrUMMS) maps a 60° × 2° ...sector of our Galaxy's fourth quadrant, using a combination of fast mapping techniques with the Mopra radio telescope, simultaneously in the lines of 12CO, 13CO, C18O, and CN near 112 GHz at ∼arcminute and ∼0.3 km s−1 resolution, with ∼2 K channel−1 sensitivity for 12CO and ∼1 K channel−1 for the other transitions. The calibrated data cubes from these observations are made available to the community after processing through our pipeline. Here, we describe the motivation for ThrUMMS, the development of new observing techniques for Mopra, and how these techniques were optimized to the objectives of the survey. We showcase some sample data products and describe the first science results on CO-isotopologue line ratios. These vary dramatically across the Galactic Plane, indicating a very wide range of optical depth and excitation conditions, from warm and translucent to cold and opaque. The population of cold clouds in particular have optical depths for 12CO easily exceeding 100. We derive a new, nonlinear conversion law from 12CO integrated intensity to column density, , which suggests that the molecular mass traced by CO in the Galactic disk may have been substantially underestimated. This further suggests that some global relationships in disk galaxies, such as star formation laws, may need to be recalibrated. The large ThrUMMS team is proceeding with several other science investigations.
This study conducted in-depth, largely unstructured interviews with 31 involved family members in a metropolitan area of the United States (US) Midwest on their experiences of BPD in a close ...relative. Narrative analysis employing concepts from anthropology (the logic of care and family assemblage) was used to examine the nature and quality of care practices and identify human, environmental, and cultural supports needed for family recovery. Findings indicate that these US family caregivers provided intensive and extensive care over the long term. They acted in situations of risk to their relative, and often disconnected from professional support. Parents labored under unforgiving normalizations: judgments (real or perceived) of not properly raising or "launching" their children and norms of parental self-sacrifice. The dearth of housing options for the young person hindered recovery. While duly recognizing the care practices provided by family members for a relative with BPD, I argue that there is a significant omission. Our conceptualizing of supports for family members of a relative with BPD needs to encompass supports for their own recovery. Respite, mental health care for caregivers, housing, support groups, and collaborative care (with professionals, peers and family members) could productively assist recovery of all family members.This study conducted in-depth, largely unstructured interviews with 31 involved family members in a metropolitan area of the United States (US) Midwest on their experiences of BPD in a close relative. Narrative analysis employing concepts from anthropology (the logic of care and family assemblage) was used to examine the nature and quality of care practices and identify human, environmental, and cultural supports needed for family recovery. Findings indicate that these US family caregivers provided intensive and extensive care over the long term. They acted in situations of risk to their relative, and often disconnected from professional support. Parents labored under unforgiving normalizations: judgments (real or perceived) of not properly raising or "launching" their children and norms of parental self-sacrifice. The dearth of housing options for the young person hindered recovery. While duly recognizing the care practices provided by family members for a relative with BPD, I argue that there is a significant omission. Our conceptualizing of supports for family members of a relative with BPD needs to encompass supports for their own recovery. Respite, mental health care for caregivers, housing, support groups, and collaborative care (with professionals, peers and family members) could productively assist recovery of all family members.
The dilemma of the wounded healer Zerubavel, Noga; Wright, Margaret O'Dougherty
Psychotherapy (Chicago, Ill.),
12/2012, Volume:
49, Issue:
4
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
The wounded healer is an archetype that suggests that a healer's own wounds can carry curative power for clients. This article reviews past research regarding the construct of the wounded healer. The ...unique benefits that a psychotherapist's personal struggles might have on work with clients are explored, as well as the potential vulnerability of some wounded healers with respect to stability of recovery, difficulty managing countertransference, compassion fatigue, and/or professional impairment. The review also explores psychologists' perceptions of and responses to wounded healers and examines factors relating to social stigma and self-stigma that may influence wounded healers' comfort in disclosing their wounds. We propose that the relative absence of dialogue in the field regarding wounded healers encourages secrecy and shame among the wounded, thereby preventing access to support and guidance and discouraging timely intervention when needed. We explore the complexities of navigating disclosure of wounds, given the atmosphere of silence and stigma. We suggest that the mental health field move toward an approach of greater openness and support regarding the wounded healer, and provide recommendations for cultivating the safety necessary to promote resilience and posttraumatic growth.
We report on our development of large volume Cs 2 LiYCl 6 (CLYC) detectors for nuclear security applications. Three-inch diameter boules have been grown and 3-in right cylinders have been fabricated. ...Crystals containing either >95% 6 Li or >99% 7 Li have been grown for applications specific to thermal or fast neutron detection, respectively. We evaluated their gamma and neutron detection properties and the performance is as good as small size crystals. Gamma and neutron efficiencies were measured for large crystals and compared with smaller size crystals. With their excellent performance characteristics, and the ability to detect fast neutrons, CLYC detectors are excellent triple-mode scintillators for use in handheld and backpack instruments for nuclear security applications.
Background and Objectives: Repetitive thought (RT) strategies have been linked to a range of negative outcomes following traumatic interpersonal events but are proposed to serve an adaptive function ...under particular circumstances. This study examined outcomes following RT within a transdiagnostic framework, and explored the potentially adaptive nature of trait-like and event-related RT. Design: The centrality of a traumatic event to one's identity was explored as a context under which the adaptive nature of RT might change. Young adults with interpersonal violence experiences (N = 163) reported use of trait-like and event-related RT, centrality of the event, depressive, anxious, and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), posttraumatic depreciation and posttraumatic growth. Methods: Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were used to examine main and moderating effects of four types of RT and event centrality on outcome variables. Results: Centrality positively predicted depressive symptoms and PTSS, depreciation, and growth. Brooding RT positively predicted all negative outcomes. Reflecting RT positively predicted anxious symptoms and PTSS and depreciation. Only deliberate RT positively predicted growth. Centrality did not moderate any examined relationships. Conclusions: Findings highlight the importance of addressing specific types of RT in interventions with survivors and of considering centrality as a robust contributor to outcomes following interpersonal violence.
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