Pradimicin, a mannose-binding antifungal antibiotic, induces apoptosis-like cell death in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Previously we found that the substitution of the 74th amino acid from glycine to ...cysteine in Ypd1 yields a mutant resistant to pradimicin. In this study, the involvement of a membrane-spanning osomosensor, Sln1, which is located upstream of Ypd1, was investigated. A mutant, sln1 LambdaNG, that lacks the putative Nglycosylation sites in the extracellular domain became resistant to pradlmicin. On the other hand, the null mutants of Ssk1, Pbs2, and Hog1, which are located downstream of the Sln1 cascade, were sensitive to pradimicin as well as the wild-type strain. In conclusion, pradimicin exerts its fungicidal action with the involvement of Sln1. but the downstream branch, Ssk1 and the HOG pathway, is not involved.
A survey of blood transfusion medicine (including use of warm fresh whole blood) was performed in the remote islands in Kagoshima Prefecture. Responses were received from all 101 institutions ...targeted.Results showed that patients at institutions on islands close to the Kagoshima mainland who require blood transfusion are transferred to a core institute on that island, or further transferred to a high-level institute on the Kagoshima mainland. However, in remote islands such as the Amami group of islands, the patient is transferred to a core institute on that island, or to a high-level institution in Amami-Oshima, but cannot be transferred to the Kagoshima mainland.Red blood cells from Red Cross donations were stocked in six institutes among five islands. Among six islands, however, 44 patients received warm fresh whole blood over 3 years because blood from the Red Cross could not be supplied sufficiently quickly for treatment of massive hemorrhage.Following our survey, improvements in the blood delivery system to core medical institutions in each island are expected to be introduced. Further assistance is required to ensure blood supply in Amami-Oshima, because of the distance involved and size of the population.
A quinocycline antibiotic, kosinostatin, was isolated from the culture broth of Micromonospora sp. TP-A0468 along with isoquinocycline B. Structure of kosinostatin was determined to be the ...stereoisomer of isoquinocycline B regarding to the stereochemistry at the C-2' spiro carbon by NMR analysis. Kosinostatin isomerizes to isoquinocycline B through the inversion of the stereocenter at C-2'. Comparison of physico-chemical properties indicated that kosinostatin is presumably identical with quinocycline B isolated by CELMER et al. from Streptomyces aureofaciens.
A 43-year-old woman was referred to our hospital for fever, general fatigue and left flank abdominal pain during the last two weeks. A blood test showed severe inflammation, and computed tomography ...(CT) study of the abdomen with intravenous contrast revealed swelling and irregular enhancement in the upper left kidney. Initially, we diagnosed it as xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis and treated it with antibiotics. A percutaneous renal biopsy was performed because the white blood cell count remained elevated after the treatment. Histopathologic examination revealed a carcinoma. Therefore, we performed left nephroureterectomy. The diagnosis was high grade urothelial carcinoma of the renal pelvis, and it stained positive by immunohistochemical staining using anti-granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF). The serum G-CSF level was also elevated on the same day. The patient received chemotherapy but, died 9 months after surgery. A G-CSF-producing urothelial carcinoma of the renal pelvis is known to have a poor prognosis in the Japanese literature. It is important to closely monitor a G-CSF producing tumor, when a patient shows severe inflammation, but no infection.
: In acetabular dysplasia, more vertical orientation of the acetabular component is often used to minimize the superolateral bone grafting. This study was designed to determine the effects of ...vertical orientation of the cup on the stability and polyethylene wear of the acetabular component in uncemented total hip arthroplasty (THA). Three‐dimensional finite element models of the hemipelvis with dysplastic acetabulum were developed. Metal‐backed hemispherical cups were placed in the true acetabulum with abduction angles of 35, 45, 55, and 65 degrees. It was found that more vertical orientation of the cup was associated with larger relative motion of the metal shell between the acetabulum and metal shell. Furthermore, tilting and torsional shear stresses in the model of the cup abduction angle of 65 degrees were found to be 1.7 times larger than that in the model with 35 degrees at the bone–metal shell interface. More vertically oriented cups caused larger contact stresses at the articulating surfaces of the polyethylene liners. The results suggest that the abduction angle of the acetabular component significantly influences cup loosening and polyethylene wear in THA.
A Case of Sinus Actinomycosis Cured without Surgery Oki, Yamato; Hatakeyama, Hiromitsu; Ninomiya, Hiroaki ...
Nihon Bika Gakkai Kaishi (Japanese Journal of Rhinology),
2022, 2022-00-00, Volume:
61, Issue:
2
Journal Article
Open access
Actinomycosis is a disease caused by anaerobic Gram-positive rods of the genus Actinomyces. This disease is most common in the head and neck region, but relatively rare in the paranasal sinus. All 18 ...previously reported cases in Japan have been treated with surgical procedures. Here, we report the first case of sinus actinomycosis in Japan that was cured by antimicrobial therapy only. The patient was a 77-year-old man. A CT scan taken for follow-up of prostate cancer indicated sinusitis, and a sinus CT scan led to a clinical diagnosis of odontogenic maxillary sinusitis. Low-dose macrolide therapy was administered, but with no effect. Sinusitis worsened, even after dental treatment, and a biopsy of the mucosa of the middle nasal passage was performed. Histopathological findings resulted in a definite diagnosis of actinomycosis. The patient was cured by antibacterial therapy alone for 8 months of oral Amoxicillin and 1 month of intravenous Tazobactam/Piperacillin without surgical treatment, and there has been no recurrence to date. Antimicrobial therapy and surgery are the main treatments for sinonasal actinomycosis. It is relatively easy to open the sinuses and create an aerobic sinus environment with endoscopic sinus surgery. Thus, surgical procedures were used in all 18 cases of sinus actinomycosis that we were able to identify in Japan, and surgery is clearly effective for this disease. However, some patients may not be able to undergo surgery. The current case showing that sinus actinomycosis can be cured by antimicrobial therapy only indicates that this may be an option in such patients.
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