In this paper, we obtained some inequalities for \phi_{s}-convex function, \phi-Godunova-Levin function, \phi-P-function and log-\phi-convex function. Finally, we defined the class of ...\phi-quasi-convex functions and we examined some properties of this class.
In this paper, we obtain some new inequalities for ({\alpha},m)-convex functions. The analysis used in the proofs is fairly elementary and based on the use of Power-mean inequality.
Background We aimed to evaluate malignancy rate and to determine false negativity of fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) in thyroid nodules ≥4.0 cm. Methods The medical records of patients who ...underwent thyroidectomy between January 2007 and December 2014 were reviewed. Demographic and clinical data as well as preoperative ultrasonography findings were analyzed. The nodules in these patients were grouped as ≥4.0 cm and <4.0 cm according to ultrasonography measurements. Nodules <4.0 cm were further divided into 1.0–3.9 cm and <1.0 cm. Histopathologically malignant nodules with preoperative benign cytology were defined as having false-negative FNAB. Results There were 1,008 nodules that measured ≥4.0 cm, 4,013 nodules that measured 1.0–3.9 cm, and 540 that measured nodules <1.0 cm. Based on histopathologic findings, 8.5%, 10.2%, and 25.6% of nodules ≥4.0 cm, 1.0–3.9 cm, and <1.0 cm were malignant, respectively ( P < .001). There was no significant difference between 1.0–3.9-cm and ≥4.0-cm nodules with respect to malignancy ( P = .108). False-negativity rates were 4.7% in nodules ≥4.0 cm, 2.2% in nodules measuring 1.0–3.9 cm, and 4.8% in <1.0-cm nodules. Nodules measuring <1.0 cm and ≥4.0 cm had similar false-negativity rates ( P = .93), while 1.0–3.9-cm nodules had statistically lower false-negativity rates than those found in the other two groups ( P = .03 and P < .001, respectively). Conclusion Of the nodules that were operatively excised, nodules ≥4.0 cm had a similar risk of malignancy as nodules 1.0–3.9 cm. The rate of false-negative FNAB in nodules ≥4.0 cm was twice as high as in nodules 1.0–3.9 cm; however, we do not think it is high enough to recommend a routine operation when cytology results are benign.
In this paper, some new inequalities of the Hermite-Hadamard type for functions whose modulus of the derivatives are convex and applications for special means are given. Finally, some error estimates ...for the trapezoidal formula are obtained.
In this paper, we establish new inequalities of Ostrowski type for functions whose derivatives in absolute value are m-convex. We also give some applications to special means of positive real ...numbers. Finally, we obtain some error estimates for the midpoint formula.
In this paper, we obtain some Simpson type inequalities for functions whose second derivatives absolute value or q-th power of them are Q-class functions. Also we give applications to numerical ...integration.
The aim of this study was to investigate the ocular surface disorders and tear function changes in patients with nodulo‐cystic acne. Eighty‐seven patients with nodulo‐cystic acne vulgaris and 50 ...healthy subjects were included in the study. All subjects underwent full ocular examinations. Subjective ocular complaints were recorded. Corneal staining with fluorescein, tear film break‐up time (BUT), and Schirmer test were applied. Abnormal tear film BUT and abnormal Schirmer scores were significantly more common in the acne group than in the control group. The tear film BUT was abnormal in 18 (20.7%) cases in the patient group and in 2 (4%) subjects in the control group (p=0.007). The mean Schirmer score was abnormal in 7 (8%) and decreased in 18 (20.7%) acne patients, and it was decreased in only 3 (6%) control subjects (p=0.005). Corneal punctuate epithelial erosions were detected in 3 (3.4%) acne patients, but not any of the control subjects. However, the difference between the groups was not statistically significant (p=0.184). Subjective ocular complaints were present in 28 cases (32.2%) in the patient group. Five (10%) subjects in the control group had such complaints (p=0.003). Tear function tests are also significantly altered in patients with nodulo‐cystic acne. Our data suggest that severe acne patients should be referred to an ophthalmologist.
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