Severe acute pancreatitis can cause systemic inflammation and multiorgan failure. We present the case of a 60-year-old woman who presented with necrotizing pancreatitis and subsequently developed a ...sigmoid colon perforation. The perforation presumably occurred because of extravasation of pancreatic enzymes into the abdominal cavity, resulting in colonic wall injury. Our case highlights the rare colonic complications of severe acute pancreatitis.
Chronic ethanol exposure impairs liver regeneration due to inhibition of insulin signaling and oxidative injury. PPAR agonists function as insulin sensitizers and anti-inflammatory agents. We ...investigated whether treatment with a PPARdelta agonist could restore hepatic insulin sensitivity, survival signaling, and regenerative responses vis-a-vis chronic ethanol feeding.
Adult rats were fed isocaloric liquid diets containing 0% or 37% ethanol, and administered a PPARdelta agonist by i.p. injection. We used liver tissue to examine histopathology, gene expression, oxidative stress, insulin signaling, and regenerative responses to 2/3 hepatectomy.
Chronic ethanol feeding caused insulin resistance, increased oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, and hepatocellular injury in liver. These effects were associated with reduced insulin receptor binding and affinity, impaired survival signaling through PI3K/Akt/GSK3beta, and reduced expression of insulin responsive genes mediating energy metabolism and tissue remodeling. PPARdelta agonist treatment reduced ethanol-mediated hepatic injury, oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and insulin resistance, increased signaling through PI3K/Akt/GSK3beta, and enhanced the regenerative response to partial hepatectomy.
PPARdelta agonist administration may attenuate the severity of chronic ethanol-induced liver injury and ethanol's adverse effects on the hepatic repair by restoring insulin responsiveness, even in the context of continued high-level ethanol consumption.
This paper studies the problem of output tracking for networked control systems with network-induced delay, packet disorder, and packet dropout. The round-trip time (RTT) delay is redefined to ...describe these communication constraints in a unified way. By including the output tracking error as an additional state, the output tracking problem is converted into the stabilization problem of an augmented system. Based on the observer of the original state increment and the feedback of the output tracking error, a model-based networked predictive output tracking control (NPOTC) scheme is proposed to actively compensate for the random RTT delay. The closed-loop stability is proved to be independent of the RTT delay, and the separation principle for the design of the observer-based state feedback controller is still held in the NPOTC system. A two-stage controller design procedure is presented, which not only guarantees the stability of the closed-loop NPOTC system but also achieves the same output tracking performance as that of the local control system for time-varying reference signals. Both numerical simulations and practical experiments on an Internet-based servo motor system illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Event-triggered strategies are effective to update local controllers in multi-agent systems (MASs) at necessary discrete times. Based on graph theoretical reasoning, the authors study the distributed ...event-triggered output consensus in MASs with time-varying couplings. Graph theoretical reasoning provides us a Lyapunov function that fully utilises the properties of a graph such as the path between two arbitrary agents. With this function, the updating of local output-feedback controllers is determined by connection-graph-based state-dependent or time-dependent event functions. Interesting enough, the proposed event-triggered schemes can also be effectively extended to non-linear MASs with time-varying couplings. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulations verify the main results.
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