COUNTRY COMMUNITY OF RUSSIA IN A. I. CHUPRO'S WORKS S. Timofeeva, Lyudmila; R. Akhmetova, Albina; R. Galimzyanova, Liliya ...
Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews,
10/2019, Volume:
7, Issue:
5
Journal Article
Open access
Purpose: The relevance of the studied problem is caused by the need for deep studying of the history of Russian economic science at the end of XIX – the beginning of the 20th century. It is possible ...to reach a result only through research of certain representatives’ heritage. A.I. Chuprov's activity was aimed at studying a number of questions of economic and social development of Russia. The important place was given to issues of country community reforming. A.I. Chuprov belonged to a number of consecutive opponents of the agrarian reform undertaken by P.A. Stolypin. The concept of country community development presented in the works of A.I. Chuprov is explained in the paper.
Methodology: The leading methods of the research are the system analysis that has allowed submitting A.I. Chuprov’s communal concept and also the dialectic method opening his logic of interrelation of economic views and public beliefs.
Result: The main results of the article allow presenting A.I. Chuprov's views of agrarian reform at the beginning of the 20th century and a way of modernization of social and economic situation in a village. Materials of the article can be used during the formation of lecture courses for students studying a wide range of socio-humanistic educational programs.
Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students.
Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of Country Community of Russia in A.I. Chupro's Works are presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.
Context. Eta Carinae is a highly eccentric, massive binary system (semimajor axis ~15.5 au) with powerful stellar winds and a phase-dependent wind-wind collision (WWC) zone. The primary star, η Car ...A, is a luminous blue variable (LBV); the secondary, η Car B, is a Wolf-Rayet or O star with a faster but less dense wind. Aperture-synthesis imaging allows us to study the mass loss from the enigmatic LBV η Car. Understanding LBVs is a crucial step toward improving our knowledge about massive stars and their evolution. Aims. Our aim is to study the intensity distribution and kinematics of η Car’s WWC zone. Methods. Using the VLTI-MATISSE mid-infrared interferometry instrument, we perform Br α imaging of η Car’s distorted wind. Results. We present the first VLTI-MATISSE aperture-synthesis images of η Car A’s stellar windin several spectral channels distributed across the Br α 4.052 μm line (spectral resolving power R ~ 960). Our observations were performed close to periastron passage in February 2020 (orbital phase ~ 14.0022). The reconstructed iso-velocity images show the dependence of the primary stellar wind on wavelength or line-of-sight (LOS) velocity with a spatial resolution of 6 mas (~14 au). The radius of the faintest outer wind regions is ~26 mas (~60 au). At several negative LOS velocities, the primary stellar wind is less extended to the northwest than in other directions. This asymmetry is most likely caused by the WWC. Therefore, we see both the velocity field of the undisturbed primary wind and the WWC cavity. In continuum spectral channels, the primary star wind is more compact than in line channels. A fit of the observed continuum visibilities with the visibilities of a stellar wind CMFGEN model (CMFGEN is an atmosphere code developed to model the spectra of a variety of objects) provides a full width at half maximum fit diameter of the primary stellar wind of 2.84 ± 0.06 mas (6.54 ± 0.14 au). We comparethe derived intensity distributions with the CMFGEN stellar wind model and hydrodynamic WWC models.
Electromagnetic current transformers (CT) are subject to saturation and residual magnetization of a magnetic circuit. This phenomenon has an impact on the operation of devices of commercial ...accounting of electric energy and relay protection and automatics (RPA). Saturation of the current transformer's magnetic core can lead to emergency situations due to incorrect operation of the protections and excessive disconnection of the protected connections. At the moment, Russian norms do not regulate the work in transient modes, including short circuits with an aperiodic current component. The Ivanovo State Power Engineering University (ISPEU) conducts research on the topic of determining the time to saturation of CT at short circuit. The purpose of the work was to develop an algorithm for monitoring saturation and determining the time to saturation of the CT magnetic core, in order to ensure the correct operation of the RPA in all modes. The article is devoted to the method of construction and research of mathematical models of CT for calculating the time to saturation. The general structure of the algorithm for determining the time to saturation is presented.
A fundamentally new voltage-regulation and stabilization-technique is discussed that uses high-speed semiconductor onload transformer output-voltage regulators (STVRs) at (6–20)/0.4-kV unit ...substations. The main stages of the development and study of the STVR technique are considered, and different types of STVR circuits are proposed. Features of algorithms for controlling the STVRs under normal and emergency networking are demonstrated. The basic principles for designing the STVR control systems are shown. The STVR operation under the conditions most close to reality is studied on a physical model. The experimental results confirming the validity of the proposed STVR designs and their high functionality are reported. Prospects for application of the proposed voltage-regulation and stabilization-technique in available networks are noted.
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is responsible for over half of all heart transplants. Fewer women with DCM undergo heart transplants than men with DCM; the reasons for this state of affairs are ...unclear.
We analyzed prospectively a cohort of 698 DCM patients who were referred to our heart transplant center. Only 15.5% of them were women. Women and men did not differ in age or ejection fraction (24%). Women were more frequently in New York Heart Association class III-IV, had lower exercise tolerance, worse pulmonary function, and poorer kidney function (all P<0.05) than men. Women were less commonly diabetic (14% vs. 23%; P<0.05). Similar percentages of women and men who were referred were transplanted; the women spent less time on the waiting list (153+/-37 days for women and 314+/-29 days for men; P<0.05). The 10-year survival rate of women and men after transplantation was similar (57% and 45%, respectively; P<0.203). We compared our current data to our overall experience from 1985 till date (n=972), and also with the Eurotransplant heart dataset. Similar to our current findings, far lower percentages of DCM patients in both cohorts were women, although the 10-year survival of female and male DCM patients after transplantation was not different.
Because women were referred with more severe heart failure but fewer relative contraindications, it seems that the option of transplantation is less intensely considered for women, particularly for those with comorbidities, by the referring physicians. Because women with DCM do as well as men after transplantation, efforts should be undertaken to improve referral of women.
A new trend in production of aluminum alloys used in construction in the automotive and aerospace industries is manufacture of composite materials. The structure and connection between matrix and ...particles are studied. This article considers the effect of TiC particles on the structure and properties of nano-microcrystalline alloys based on the Al-Fe-V-Si system. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), optical microscopy (OM), scanning probe microscopy (SPM), and Vickers microhardness measurements are used in order to study ribbon crystal lattice parameters.
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