RiboVision is a visualization and analysis tool for the simultaneous display of multiple layers of diverse information on primary (1D), secondary (2D), and three-dimensional (3D) structures of ...ribosomes. The ribosome is a macromolecular complex containing ribosomal RNA and ribosomal proteins and is a key component of life responsible for the synthesis of proteins in all living organisms. RiboVision is intended for rapid retrieval, analysis, filtering, and display of a variety of ribosomal data. Preloaded information includes 1D, 2D, and 3D structures augmented by base-pairing, base-stacking, and other molecular interactions. RiboVision is preloaded with rRNA secondary structures, rRNA domains and helical structures, phylogeny, crystallographic thermal factors, etc. RiboVision contains structures of ribosomal proteins and a database of their molecular interactions with rRNA. RiboVision contains preloaded structures and data for two bacterial ribosomes (Thermus thermophilus and Escherichia coli), one archaeal ribosome (Haloarcula marismortui), and three eukaryotic ribosomes (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Drosophila melanogaster, and Homo sapiens). RiboVision revealed several major discrepancies between the 2D and 3D structures of the rRNAs of the small and large subunits (SSU and LSU). Revised structures mapped with a variety of data are available in RiboVision as well as in a public gallery (). RiboVision is designed to allow users to distill complex data quickly and to easily generate publication-quality images of data mapped onto secondary structures. Users can readily import and analyze their own data in the context of other work. This package allows users to import and map data from CSV files directly onto 1D, 2D, and 3D levels of structure. RiboVision has features in rough analogy with web-based map services capable of seamlessly switching the type of data displayed and the resolution or magnification of the display. RiboVision is available at .
The time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect in epitaxial thin films of the FePt compound and the FePt
0.84
Rh
0.16
solid solution with the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy on MgO (001) substrates ...has been studied. The evolution of hysteresis loops at short (100 fs–1 ns) and long (1–20 ms) time scales after the excitation by a femtosecond light pulse has been studied. Long-lived nonthermal reduction of the coercive field has been detected. The coercive field is recovered in several milliseconds. It has been proposed to explain the observed phenomenon by the excitation of high-
Q
-factor acoustic resonances in the substrate/film system and to the strong magnetoelastic interaction in FePt and FePt
0.84
Rh
0.16
films.
The morphofunctional features of the ovaries were evaluated in rats with functional ovarian cysts model treated with gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist. Administration of the antagonist ...significantly (
p
=0.009) reduced the number of cysts and the growth of follicles in the ovaries. The obtained results attest to a possibility of successful treatment of functional ovarian cysts with gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist.
We studied the expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), androgen receptor (AR) and luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR) in the ovaries under the conditions of the modeling and subsequent ...treatment of functional ovarian cysts with gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist (ant-GnRH). The intensity of IGF-1, LHR, and AR expression in the generative elements of rat ovaries changed under conditions of functional ovarian cysts simulation, as well as during treatment with ant-GnRH. In both experimental groups, the expression levels of the studied markers in preantral follicles and epithelial lining of cysts were found to be related to the number of growing follicles and cysts. A divergence of LHR and AR expression indices and a more pronounced decrease in the number of cystic cavities were observed in the group receiving ant-GnRH. These changes demonstrate a positive effect of ant-GnRH on intra-ovarian regulatory factors and a therapeutic effect in functional ovarian cysts.
Asphalt-resin-wax deposits formed during modeling of the process of formation of deposits from oil considered hard to extract are studied. The mechanisms of asphalt-resin-wax deposition that occurs ...due to different contents in them of high-molecular-weight components and their properties are disclosed. It is shown that oil paraffin hydrocarbons and asphaltenes are redistributed between the oil and the asphalt-resin-wax deposited from it.
SUMMARY
The optimal treatment of esophageal cancer in octogenarians is controversial. While the safety of esophagectomy has been demonstrated in elderly patients, surgery and multimodality therapy ...are still offered to a select group. Additionally, the long-term outcomes in octogenarians have not been thoroughly compared to those in younger patients. We sought to compare the outcomes of esophageal cancer treatment between octogenarians and non-octogenarians in the National Cancer Database (2004–2014). The major endpoints were early postoperative mortality and long-term survival. A total of 107,921 patients were identified octogenarian—16,388 (15.2%). Compared to non-octogenarians, octogenarians were more likely to be female, of higher socioeconomic status, and had more Charlson comorbidities (p < 0.001 for all). Octogenarians were significantly less likely to undergo esophagectomy (11.5% vs. 33.3%; p < 0.001) and multimodality therapy (2.0% vs. 18.5%; p < 0.001), a trend that persisted following stratification by tumor stage and Charlson comorbidities. Both 30-day and 90-day mortality were higher in the octogenarian group, even after multivariable adjustment (p ≤ 0.001 for both). Octogenarians who underwent multimodality therapy had worse long-term survival when compared to younger patients, except for those with stage III tumors and no comorbidities (HR: 1.29; p = 0.153). Within the octogenarian group, postoperative mortality was lower in academic centers, and the long-term survival was similar between multimodality treatment and surgery alone (HR: 0.96; p = 0.62). In conclusion, octogenarians are less likely to be offered treatment irrespective of tumor stage or comorbidities. Although octogenarians have higher early mortality and poorer overall survival compared to younger patients, outcomes may be improved when treatment is performed at academic centers. Multimodality treatment did not seem to confer a survival advantage compared to surgery alone in octogenarians, and more prospective studies are necessary to better elucidate the optimal treatment in this patient population.
In recent years, the widespread TCP/IP computer network model has been replaced by the software-defined network model, where the control plane is separated from the data plane and is logically ...centralized. The new model requires a revision of traditional network control protocols. One group of such revised protocols consists of multicast routing protocols. In this paper, the multicast routing protocols used in traditional TCP/IP networks are analyzed, and their basic disadvantages and difficulties in their application in software-defined networks are revealed. Multicast routing algorithms that use the capabilities of software-defined networks and ensure the optimization and reliability of routes in multicast routing are described. These algorithms are exempt from the drawbacks of traditional networks. The proposed algorithms are implemented as an application for the RunOS controller. This experimental study shows that the delays due to the use of the proposed algorithms for restructuring routes satisfy the requirements of telecommunications operators of large regional networks.
The results of a femtosecond optical and magneto-optical spectroscopy study of a thin epitaxial film of a low-temperature magnetically soft Pd
0.94
Fe
0.06
alloy on a ({dy001})-MgO substrate are ...reported. The photoinduced demagnetization and magnetization recovery times are determined. The latter increases critically at approaching the ferromagnetic ordering temperature
T
C
= 190 K from below. It is shown that the reflectivity dynamics after a photoexcitation pulse evolves from a two-exponential in the paramagnetic phase to a four-component at 80 K <
T
<
T
C
, simplifying to a three-component at
T
< 50 K. According to our interpretation, such an evolution, along with the manifestation of an additional increasing component in the magnetic response at 80 K <
T
<
T
C
, indicates a magnetic and electronic inhomogeneity of the film associated with the distribution of local iron concentrations. The fraction of small-scale inclusions of the paramagnetic phase is estimated as ≈10 vol %.
It has been shown for the first time that aqueous solutions of quaternary phosphonium salts (cetyltributylphosphonium bromide, cetyltriphenylphosphonium bromide) in the range of 1 × 10
−2
-1 × 10
−18 ...
mol/L are disperse systems. The nature of the disperse phase changes as the solution is diluted, starting from micelles (1 × 10
−4
-1 × 10
−2
mol/L), translating into molecule-water domains (1 × 10
−6
-1 × 10
−4
mol/L) and nanoassociates (1 × 10
−18
-1 × 10
−6
mol/L). The effect that these compounds' solutions have on the growth and development of hydrobionts (infusoria Paramecium caudatum and single-celled algae Chlorella vulgaris) in the low concentrations range has been studied for the first time. It was found that at a concentration less than 1 × 10
−6
mol/L the nonmonotonic concentration dependences of the physicochemical properties and bioeffects of the systems are related to the formation and rearrangement of nanoassociates.
A relationship between the nonmonotonic concentration dependences of the size of the dispersed phase (nanoassociates), physicochemical properties (electric conductivity, pH, redox potential), and ...fertility of hydrobionts under the action of solutions of citric (CA) and succinic (SA) acids in low concentrations was established. Solutions of CA stimulate the fertility of
Paramecium caudatum
infusoria and
Chlorella vulgaris
algae in a wide range of formation of domains and nanoassociates (1•10
–13
–1•10
–5
mol L
–1
), whereas solutions of SA exert almost no effect on the fertility and slightly inhibit it only in a range of nanoassociate formation at the calculated concentrations from 1•10
–17
to 1•10
–14
mol L
–1
.
