Gastric cancer is the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths in the world, the epidemiology of which has changed within last decades. A trend of steady decline in gastric cancer incidence ...rates is the effect of the increased standards of hygiene, conscious nutrition, and
eradication, which together constitute primary prevention. Avoidance of gastric cancer remains a priority. However, patients with higher risk should be screened for early detection and chemoprevention. Surgical resection enhanced by standardized lymphadenectomy remains the gold standard in gastric cancer therapy. This review briefly summarizes the most important aspects of gastric cancers, which include epidemiology, risk factors, classification, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. The paper is mostly addressed to physicians who are interested in updating the state of art concerning gastric carcinoma from easily accessible and credible source.
When we announced the first volume of a Special Issue dedicated to “Crystal Plasticity”, we could not expect that a great collection of 25 excellent articles would be published ...
The Special Issue on “Crystal Plasticity” is a collection of 25 original articles (including one review paper) dedicated to theoretical and experimental research works providing new insights and ...practical findings in the field of crystal plasticity-related topics ...
The paper presents an overview of current and prospective applications of Ni3Al based intermetallic alloys-modern engineering materials with special properties that are potentially useful for both ...structural and functional purposes. The bulk components manufactured from these materials are intended mainly for forging dies, furnace assembly, turbocharger components, valves, and piston head of internal combustion engines. The Ni3Al based alloys produced by a directional solidification are also considered as a material for the fabrication of jet engine turbine blades. Moreover, development of composite materials with Ni3Al based alloys as a matrix hardened by, e.g., TiC, ZrO2, WC, SiC and graphene, is also reported. Due to special physical and chemical properties; it is expected that these materials in the form of thin foils and strips should make a significant contribution to the production of high tech devices, e.g., Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) or Microtechnology-based Energy and Chemical Systems (MECS); as well as heat exchangers; microreactors; micro-actuators; components of combustion chambers and gasket of rocket and jet engines as well components of high specific strength systems. Additionally, their catalytic properties may find an application in catalytic converters, air purification systems from chemical and biological toxic agents or in a hydrogen "production" by a decomposition of hydrocarbons.
In the era of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer (GC), the role of staging laparoscopy (SL) will become more established. However, despite guidelines recommendations, SL for optimal ...preoperative staging remains underutilized. Diagnostic value of near-infrared (NIR) / indocyanine green (ICG) guided sentinel node (SN) mapping in GC confirmed its technical feasibility, however no data exist regarding its potential role in pathological nodal staging. To the best of our knowledge, current study is the first to evaluate the role of ICG in nodal staging of advanced GC patients undergoing SL.
This single-arm prospective observational multicenter study was approved by the Bioethical Committee of Medical University of Lublin (Ethic Code: KE-0254/331/2018). The protocol is registered at clinicaltrial.gov (NCT05720598), and the study results will be reported according to the Strengthening of Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement. The primary endpoint of this study is the identification rate of ICG-guided SN in advanced GC patients. The secondary endpoints include pathological and molecular assessment of retrieved SNs and other pretreatment clinical variables potentially associated with SL: pattern of perigastric ICG distribution according to patients' pathological and clinical characteristics, neoadjuvant chemotherapy compliance, 30-day morbidity, and mortality.
POLA study is the first to investigate the clinical value of ICG-enhanced sentinel node biopsy during staging laparoscopy in advanced GC patients in a Western cohort. Identifying pN status before multimodal treatment will improve GC staging process.
Research activities in materials science typically range from basic and curiosity-motivated research to that which is applications-oriented, and the well-known Materials Science paradigm is usually ...followed: Processing → Microstructure → Properties → Performance ...
The prevention of intraperitoneal spread is of utmost importance in the management of advanced ovarian cancer (OC), thus demanding the exploration of innovative treatment techniques. The propensity ...of OC to spread to the peritoneum has highlighted the potential of local therapy as a promising approach. Among the proposed treatments thus far are several local intraperitoneal therapies, with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) being one of them. The application of HIPEC may potentially enhance the survival rates of patients with OC, as indicated by a recent publication of high-quality prospective data. The incorporation of HIPEC in conjunction with primary cytoreductive surgery (CRS) does not have a significant impact on either overall survival (OS) or disease-free survival (DFS). However, the incorporation of HIPEC alongside interval CRS, followed by systemic chemotherapy (CTH), markedly enhances both OS and DFS. The most recent data also substantiates the effectiveness of HIPEC in recurrent ovarian cancer (ROC), resulting in an improvement of survival outcomes.
Additional research will contribute to the improvement of the HIPEC regimen and technique, as well as the precise identification of patients who will gain the most advantage from this treatment approach. It is recommended to discuss and update (inter)national clinical guidelines for managing patients with advanced OC and peritoneal involvement.
•Comprehensive Clincal Perspective: expert clinician insights on HIPEC's transformative role in OC treatment, practical application, and benefits.•Significance of HIPEC in Primary Ovarian Cancer Management. Review of RCTs on HIPEC in Primary Ovarian Cancer.•Effectiveness of HIPEC in Recurrent Ovarian Cancer. Cutting-edge data supporting HIPEC's effectiveness in ROC.
The development of therapies for advanced gastric cancer (GC) has made significant progress over the past few years. The identification of new molecules and molecular targets is expanding our ...understanding of the disease’s intricate nature. The end of the classical oncology era, which relied on well-studied chemotherapeutic agents, is giving rise to novel and unexplored challenges, which will cause a significant transformation of the current oncological knowledge in the next few years. The integration of established clinically effective regimens in additional studies will be crucial in managing these innovative aspects of GC. This study aims to present an in-depth and comprehensive review of the clinical advancements in targeted therapy and immunotherapy for advanced GC.
•EBSD study allows estimating fraction recrystallized in Ni3Al alloy.•X-ray study allows analyzing ordering evolution upon post-deformation annealing.•A restoration of the ordering takes place before ...the onset of the recrystallization.•Ni3Al with low fraction recrystallized exhibited the best mechanical properties.
In the present paper, results of EBSD and X-ray diffraction study on the recrystallization of a cold rolled Ni3Al based intermetallic alloy, are shown. The investigated Zr- and B-doped Ni3Al based intermetallic alloy was subjected to the cold rolling process to 50% of a thickness reduction followed by an 1h annealing at the 700–1100°C temperature range. The EBSD grain orientation spread and grain boundary character distribution analysis allows calculating changes of the fraction recrystallized. A comparison of XRD results and changes of mechanical properties after annealing of the deformed material indicates a key role of the long range order (LRO). The best combination of the strength and ductility is exhibited by the material annealed for 1h at 800°C (TYS∼830MPa, UTS∼1670MPa and elongation close to 25%) which is characterized by a few percent of the fraction recrystallized while its LRO is restored to a significant degree (0.75).
(Ti,Cr)C is a novel additive for high-performance cermets. In this work, a (Ti0.8Cr0.2)C nanostructured solid solution was synthesized via Mechanical Alloying (MA) from the mixture of of Ti, Cr, and ...C powders. The MA process was carried out at room temperature under argon atmosphere with a duration limited to 20 h. Phase changes and microstructure evolution of the powders during the MA process were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. The results of XRD analysis demonstrated the synthesis of (Ti,Cr)C solid solution with a crystallite size of about 10 nm that were micro-strained to about 1.34%. The crystallite size displays a decreasing trend with increasing milling time. The results of direct observations of structural features by TEM method in 20 h MAed samples shows a good agreement with the results from the XRD analyses.
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