We previously developed the Tilburg Pregnancy Distress Scale (TPDS). The aim of the current study was to further assess its test-retest reliability, internal consistency, and construct and concurrent ...validity in 1739 pregnant women. TPDS scores during pregnancy were highly inter-correlated (
r
≥ .70), with similar findings for its Negative Affect and Partner Involvement subscales. Pregnancy and delivery worries varied in different subgroups of women regarding their obstetric history. Nullipara reported more pregnancy- and delivery-related worries at all trimesters of pregnancy. Women with previous pregnancy-related complications reported more pregnancy-related worries, and those with previous delivery-related problems reported more delivery-related worries than women without these problems in the past. The TPDS seems to be a valid and reliable instrument to assess pregnancy-specific distress.
The objective of this clinical practice guideline is to provide updated and new evidence-based recommendations for the comprehensive care of persons with diabetes mellitus to clinicians, ...diabetes-care teams, other health care professionals and stakeholders, and individuals with diabetes and their caregivers.
The American Association of Clinical Endocrinology selected a task force of medical experts and staff who updated and assessed clinical questions and recommendations from the prior 2015 version of this guideline and conducted literature searches for relevant scientific papers published from January 1, 2015, through May 15, 2022. Selected studies from results of literature searches composed the evidence base to update 2015 recommendations as well as to develop new recommendations based on review of clinical evidence, current practice, expertise, and consensus, according to established American Association of Clinical Endocrinology protocol for guideline development.
This guideline includes 170 updated and new evidence-based clinical practice recommendations for the comprehensive care of persons with diabetes. Recommendations are divided into four sections: (1) screening, diagnosis, glycemic targets, and glycemic monitoring; (2) comorbidities and complications, including obesity and management with lifestyle, nutrition, and bariatric surgery, hypertension, dyslipidemia, retinopathy, neuropathy, diabetic kidney disease, and cardiovascular disease; (3) management of prediabetes, type 2 diabetes with antihyperglycemic pharmacotherapy and glycemic targets, type 1 diabetes with insulin therapy, hypoglycemia, hospitalized persons, and women with diabetes in pregnancy; (4) education and new topics regarding diabetes and infertility, nutritional supplements, secondary diabetes, social determinants of health, and virtual care, as well as updated recommendations on cancer risk, nonpharmacologic components of pediatric care plans, depression, education and team approach, occupational risk, role of sleep medicine, and vaccinations in persons with diabetes.
This updated clinical practice guideline provides evidence-based recommendations to assist with person-centered, team-based clinical decision-making to improve the care of persons with diabetes mellitus.
Perinatal depression is common, affecting approximately 7–13% of women. Studies have shown an association between unplanned pregnancy and perinatal depressive symptoms, but many used a ...cross-sectional design and limited postnatal follow-up. The current study investigated the association of unplanned pregnancy with perinatal depressive symptoms using a longitudinal cohort study that followed women from the first trimester until 12 months postpartum. Pregnant women (
N
= 1928) provided demographic and clinical data and information about pregnancy intention at the first trimester. Depressive symptoms were assessed during each trimester of pregnancy and five times postpartum using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) until 12 months postpartum. Mixed model analyses were used to investigate the association between an unplanned pregnancy and the level of depressive symptoms. Women with an unplanned pregnancy (
N
= 111, 5.8%) reported persistently higher levels of depressive symptoms during the entire perinatal period compared to women with a planned pregnancy, after adjustment for confounders (
p
< 0.001). However, the
course
of depressive symptom scores over time in women with an unplanned pregnancy was similar to that of women with a planned pregnancy. Lower age (
p
= 0.006), unemployment (
p
= 0.004), and history of depression (
p
< 0.001) were significantly associated with higher levels of perinatal depressive symptoms. An unplanned pregnancy may have a long-lasting negative impact on a woman’s perinatal mental health. Therefore, women with an unplanned pregnancy may benefit from systematic follow-up during the perinatal period with contingent mental health support.
As the energy relaxation time of superconducting qubits steadily improves, nonequilibrium quasiparticle excitations above the superconducting gap emerge as an increasingly relevant limit for qubit ...coherence. We measure fluctuations in the number of quasiparticle excitations by continuously monitoring the spontaneous quantum jumps between the states of a fluxonium qubit, in conditions where relaxation is dominated by quasiparticle loss. Resolution on the scale of a single quasiparticle is obtained by performing quantum nondemolition projective measurements within a time interval much shorter than T₁, using a quantum-limited amplifier (Josephson parametric converter). The quantum jump statistics switches between the expected Poisson distribution and a non-Poissonian one, indicating large relative fluctuations in the quasiparticle population, on time scales varying from seconds to hours. This dynamics can be modified controllably by injecting quasiparticles or by seeding quasiparticle-trapping vortices by cooling down in a magnetic field.
Women’s subjective childbirth experience is a risk factor for postpartum depression and childbirth-related posttraumatic stress symptoms. Subjective childbirth experience is influenced not only by ...characteristics of the childbirth itself but also by maternal characteristics. A maternal characteristic that may be associated with a more positive childbirth experience is trait mindfulness. The current study aimed to assess this association and to assess whether trait mindfulness during pregnancy had a moderating role in the possible association between non-spontaneous delivery and perception of childbirth. A subsample of 486 women, participating in a longitudinal prospective cohort study (Holistic Approach to Pregnancy and the first Postpartum Year study), completed the Three Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire-Short Form at 22 weeks of pregnancy. Women completed the Childbirth Perception Scale and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale between 7 and 21 days postpartum. The mindfulness facets acting with awareness and non-reacting were significantly associated with a more positive perception of childbirth, after adjusting for covariates. Moderation analyses showed a significant interaction between acting with awareness and non-spontaneous delivery and non-judging and non-spontaneous delivery. Non-spontaneous delivery was associated with a more negative perception of childbirth for low/medium scores of acting with awareness and non-judging, but not for high scores on these mindfulness facets. Trait mindfulness during pregnancy may enhance a positive perception of childbirth. Because this is among the first studies examining the association between maternal dispositional mindfulness and perception of childbirth, future research is needed to confirm the results of the current study.
In the present study a new strategy of synthesis was developed for nanostructured calcium phosphates, such as hydroxyapatite (HAP) or silicon, magnesium and zinc modified hydroxyapatites of ...controlled characteristics (such as the shape and size of nanoparticles, porosity and crystallinity) by precipitation reactions. These inorganic powders were jointly used with chitosan (CHI) and collagen type I (COL) to manufacture fibrous biocomposite scaffolds made of self-assembled layers by using layer by layer technique for cell cultures. The resulting materials were characterized by using X-ray diffraction, SEM, TEM and AFM. This work also reports the structural data obtained on the surface of the newly prepared nanostructured porous scaffolds made of self-assembled nanoHAP–Si(0.2%)–Mg(0.6%)–Zn(0.2%)/CHI/COL layers at 7days in human osteoblastic cell culture. A new porous structure was found by SEM imaging on the surface of these scaffolds due to the cells and scaffold interactions. This structure is apparently similar to the bone tissue. Our data have indicated that the incorporation of small amounts of silicon, magnesium and zinc within the nanoHAP lattice improved the biological activity of human osteoblasts on these scaffolds, in vitro. The data have revealed the high importance of HAP nanostructure and its composition in the preparation of fibrous scaffolds with potential applications in particle technology, bone tissue engineering and nano medicine.
This work reports structure data obtained on the surface of newly prepared nanostructured porous scaffold, made of self-assembled nanoHAP–Si(0.2%)–Mg(0.6%)–Zn(0.2%)/chitosan/collagen layers, at 7days in human osteoblasts culture. A new porous structure rather similar to the new bone tissue was found on the scaffold surface revealing the high importance of the size and shape of HAP nanoparticles and collagen fibers for controlled biomaterial properties. Display omitted
► Nano hydroxyapatite contaning Si, Mg and Zn of controlled size distribution is obtained. ► Nano hydroxyapatite-Si-Mg-Zn/chitosan/collagen scaffolds are developed. ► Fibrous scaffolds show high performance of human osteoblasts in culture. ► New structure (probably bone like tissue) is developed by osteoblasts on fibrous scaffolds at 7days in cell culture.
The human intestinal microbiota is composed of 10¹³ to 10¹⁴ microorganisms whose collective genome ("microbiome") contains at least 100 times as many genes as our own genome. We analyzed ~78 million ...base pairs of unique DNA sequence and 2062 polymerase chain reaction-amplified 16S ribosomal DNA sequences obtained from the fecal DNAs of two healthy adults. Using metabolic function analyses of identified genes, we compared our human genome with the average content of previously sequenced microbial genomes. Our microbiome has significantly enriched metabolism of glycans, amino acids, and xenobiotics; methanogenesis; and 2-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate pathway-mediated biosynthesis of vitamins and isoprenoids. Thus, humans are superorganisms whose metabolism represents an amalgamation of microbial and human attributes.
The steady boundary-layer flow near the stagnation point on an impermeable vertical surface with slip that is embedded in a fluid-saturated porous medium is investigated. Using appropriate similarity ...variables, the governing system of partial differential equations is transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations. This system is then solved numerically. The features of the flow and the heat transfer characteristics for different values of the governing parameters, namely, the Darcy–Brinkman, Γ, mixed convection, λ, and slip, γ, parameters, are analysed and discussed in detail for the cases of assisting and opposing flows. It is found that dual solutions exist for assisting flows, as well as those usually reported in the literature for opposing flows. A stability analysis of the steady flow solutions encountered for different values of the mixed convection parameter λ is performed using a linear temporal stability analysis. This analysis reveals that for γ = 0 (slip absent) and Γ = 1 the lower solution branch is unstable while the upper solution branch is stable.
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