In vitro fungistatic and fungicidal activities of voriconazole were evaluated against 114 isolates of
Candida spp. MICs were determined using the NCCLS M27-A2 broth microdilution method. Minimum ...fungicidal concentrations (MFCs) were defined as the lowest drug concentrations that yielded ≤5 colonies (≥98% killing activity). The fungicidal activity could be only evaluated against 45.6% of the isolates (52 of 114 isolates) because trailing growth occurred, and 30 of these 52 isolates (57.69%) showed MFC values ≤1
mg/l. There was little or no fungicidal activity against
C. albicans and
C. tropicalis. In contrast, all
C. krusei were killed by 1–2
mg/l voriconazole. In conclusion, our data show that the fungicidal effect of voriconazole against
Candida spp. is species dependent.
Background: The Salmonella and Campylobacter genera
are the main bacterial agents causing enteritis in humans in
the developed countries. The purpose of this paper is to study
the descriptive ...characteristics of the cases of infection by Salmonella
and by Campylobacter and to describe their trend and
seasonal variance in the province of Huesca for the
1996-1999 period.
Method: The sources of information were the Hospital
Microbiological Laboratories (HML s) which conduct coproculture
analyses of both outpatients and inpatients. The municipality
is taken as the reference unit for plotting the space
distribution. For the study of the trend, a multiplicative determinist
model is used for grouping the data into four-week periods.
Results: A total of 781 cases of infection by Salmonella
and 654 cases of infection by Campylobacter have been included,
respectively showing mean annual rates of 95 and 79.5
105 inhabitants. The enteritis by Campylobacter occurs mainly
in children under five years of age (73.4 %), as compared to the
35.5 %of the cases of salmonelosis. The situation is the reverse
in the case of the hospital admission percentages, hospitalization
due to salmonelosis hence being nearly five times greater.
Both of these genera are of a clear-cut seasonal nature, showing
a marked peak in the month of August.
Conclusions: A growing trend in the number of positive
isolations for both of these organisms and a clear seasonality in
the summertime have been found.
Fundamentos: Los géneros Salmonella y Campylobacter
son los principales agentes bacterianos causantes de enteritis en
el hombre en los países desarrollados. El objetivo del presente
trabajo es estudiar las características descriptivas de los casos
de infección por Salmonella y por Campylobacter y describir
su tendencia y variación estacional en la provincia de Huesca
para el período 1996-1999
Método: Las fuentes de información han sido los Laboratorios
Microbiológicos Hospitalarios (LMH) que realizan analíticas
de coprocultivo tanto de enfermos ambulatorios como hospitalarios.
Se toma el municipio como unidad de referencia
para representar la distribución espacial. Para el estudio de la
tendencia se utiliza un modelo determinista multiplicativo,
agrupando los datos en períodos cuatrisemanales
Resultados: Se han recogido un total de 781 casos de infección
por Salmonella y 654 casos de infección por Campylobacter,
con unas tasas medias anuales de 95 y 79,5 105 habitantes
respectivamente. La enteritis por Campylobacter se presenta
mayoritariamente en menores de 5 años (73,4 %), contra el
35,5 % para la salmonelosis. La situación se invierte en el caso
de porcentaje de ingreso hospitalario; así, el ingreso por salmonelosis
es casi 5 veces superior.
Ambos géneros presentan una clara estacionalidad, con un
pico pronunciado en el mes de agosto.
Conclusiones: Se observa una tendencia ascendente en el
número de aislamientos positivos para ambos microorganismos
y una clara estacionalidad en la época estival.
Malassezia pachydermatis is a yeast of importance in both veterinary and human medicine.
To know if M. pachydermatis grow on mycological media with high concentrations of gentamycin.
Twenty M. ...pachydermatis strains were streaked on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar plates with different concentrations of gentamycin.
All isolates were inhibited when high concentrations of gentamycin were added.
The use of plates with high concentrations of gentamycin can lead to some important misdiagnoses: firstly, false-negative cultures, and secondly, an erroneous classification of M. pachydermatis as a lipid-dependent species. Moreover, all of this could be useful in two therapeutic fields: i) in animals, topical gentamycin could be an efficacious treatment for a disease such as external otitis in dogs; ii) in humans, we hypothesize that gentamycin could be regarded as a possible therapy ("antibiotic-lock") for catheter-associated Malassezia spp. infections.
One hundred and twenty lipid dependent Malassezia spp. isolates were obtained from the clinically normal skin of 38 healthy adult volunteers by swabbing three different body sites (back, chest and ...scalp). Ninety-six percent of these strains could be grouped into three biotypes on the basis of microscopic, cultural, metabolic and biochemical (catalase, esculin and lipase (C-14)) characteristics. The differential features were simple to determine and easily reproduced. Moreover, the three biotypes were referable to the species M. globosa (biotype 1), M. sympodialis (biotype 2) and M. restricta (biotype 3). Based on their microscopic features, cultural properties and body site locations, we suggest that biotype 1 /M. globosa corresponds to the description of Pityrosporum orbiculare (round yeast cells with a narrow base, very frequently found on the upper trunk), and biotype 3/M. restricta corresponds to the concept of P. ovale (oval yeast cells with a broad budding base, located mainly on the scalp). Pleomorphic biotype 2/M. sympodialis, most frequently found in the back, does not clearly fit into any of the Pityrosporum species.
Chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis is not common and usually involves mildly immunosuppressed patients. We present a case of a 58-year-old man with a history of mining-related pneumoconiosis ...and corticosteroid therapy who developed bilateral pulmonary infiltrates and subsequent cavitation. The patient was treated at first as having community-acquired pneumonia and was only belatedly diagnosed as suffering from aspergillosis after Aspergillus fumigatus precipitins appeared in blood and the same fungus grew from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. A transthoracic needle biopsy revealed fungal filaments present in material extracted from a pulmonary lesion that was visible on scans. Treatment with amphotericin B, begun at the time that aspergillosis was diagnosed, proved to be ineffective, as was a later change to amphotericin B lipid complex. The diagnosis was confirmed at necropsy.
Antimicrobial effects of photodynamic therapy Pérez-Laguna, Vanesa; García-Malinis, Ana J; Aspiroz, Carmen ...
Giornale italiano di dermatologia e venereologia : organo ufficiale, Societa italiana di dermatologia e sifilografia
153, Issue:
6
Journal Article
The microorganisms that cause infections are increasing their resistance to antibiotics. In this context, alternative treatments are necessary. The antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a ...therapeutic modality based on photosensitizing molecules that end up generating reactive oxygen species that induce the destruction of the target cells when are irradiated with light of a suitable wavelength and at a proper dose. The cells targeted by aPDT are all types of microorganisms (bacteria, fungi and parasites) including viruses and has been proven effective against representative members of all of them. In the field of dermatology, aPDT has been tested with promising results in different infections such as chronic ulcers, acne, onychomycosis and other cutaneous mycoses, as well as in leishmaniasis. Therefore, it is presented as a possible treatment option against the agents that cause skin and/or mucous infections.
Amplification of specific sequences of the ITS1 and ITS2 regions and the intervening 5.8S rRNA gene has lead to the identification of four separate genotypes in Candida dubliniensis. Using primers ...specific for each genotype, we have studied the prevalence of these genotypes among 68 clinical isolates, mostly from Spanish patients infected by HIV. The majority of the isolates tested belonged to genotype 1 (97%), while only one isolate each from genotypes 2 (1.5%) and 3 (1.5%) were detected in the oral cavity of two patients with HIV infection.
Unusual finding in peripheral blood Lavilla, M José; Rezusta, Antonio; Revillo, M José ...
Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiología clínica
21, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Fundamentos: Los géneros Salmonella y Campylobacter son los principales agentes bacterianos causantes de enteritis en el hombre en los países desarrollados. El objetivo del presente trabajo es ...estudiar las características descriptivas de los casos de infección por Salmonella y por Campylobacter y describir su tendencia y variación estacional en la provincia de Huesca para el período 1996-1999 Método: Las fuentes de información han sido los Laboratorios Microbiológicos Hospitalarios (LMH) que realizan analíticas de coprocultivo tanto de enfermos ambulatorios como hospitalarios. Se toma el municipio como unidad de referencia para representar la distribución espacial. Para el estudio de la tendencia se utiliza un modelo determinista multiplicativo, agrupando los datos en períodos cuatrisemanales Resultados: Se han recogido un total de 781 casos de infección por Salmonella y 654 casos de infección por Campylobacter, con unas tasas medias anuales de 95 y 79,5 × 10(5) habitantes respectivamente. La enteritis por Campylobacter se presenta mayoritariamente en menores de 5 años (73,4 %), contra el 35,5 % para la salmonelosis. La situación se invierte en el caso de porcentaje de ingreso hospitalario; así, el ingreso por salmonelosis es casi 5 veces superior. Ambos géneros presentan una clara estacionalidad, con un pico pronunciado en el mes de agosto. Conclusiones: Se observa una tendencia ascendente en el número de aislamientos positivos para ambos microorganismos y una clara estacionalidad en la época estival.
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