El presente estudio aporta nuevos documentos inéditos sobre la poesía clandestina insurgente en la Nueva España, concretamente en Puebla de los Ángeles (1810-1812). La crisis social a causa de la ...Invasión Napoleónica generó una serie de pasquines, naipes y textos muy diversos que, aunque no se basaran necesariamente en fuentes demostrables, evidenciaron la necesidad de incorporar voces y pensamientos anónimos a unos hechos dramáticos que amenazaron a la fe y a la monarquía católica. Estas críticas, desde la acción del vital eje de la Nueva España en la defensa de la monarquía católica, han quedado en cierto modo olvidadas debido a la dificultad de localización y acceso a fuentes primarias que, como en este estudio, nos acerquen a dichas expresiones para poder ser analizadas e insertar dichas voces en los procesos sociales de su contexto. En todo ello se observa la necesidad de legitimación de una identidad propia —política y religiosa— dentro de la monarquía católica a ese lado del Atlántico, que de forma clandestina tomó los versos como punta de lanza y expresión cultural ante el dramatismo de una incipiente Guerra Civil.
► An up-to-date survey of ontology-based semantic similarity measures is presented. ► A feature-based measure is proposed based on the exploitation of taxonomic knowledge. ► It retains a low ...computational complexity without depending on corpora or ad-hoc parameters. ► Our measure achieves a high accuracy when evaluated with commonly used benchmarks.
Estimation of the semantic likeness between words is of great importance in many applications dealing with textual data such as natural language processing, knowledge acquisition and information retrieval. Semantic similarity measures exploit knowledge sources as the base to perform the estimations. In recent years, ontologies have grown in interest thanks to global initiatives such as the Semantic Web, offering an structured knowledge representation. Thanks to the possibilities that ontologies enable regarding semantic interpretation of terms many ontology-based similarity measures have been developed. According to the principle in which those measures base the similarity assessment and the way in which ontologies are exploited or complemented with other sources several families of measures can be identified. In this paper, we survey and classify most of the ontology-based approaches developed in order to evaluate their advantages and limitations and compare their expected performance both from theoretical and practical points of view. We also present a new ontology-based measure relying on the exploitation of taxonomical features. The evaluation and comparison of our approach’s results against those reported by related works under a common framework suggest that our measure provides a high accuracy without some of the limitations observed in other works.
Vast amounts of information are daily exchanged and/or released. The sensitive nature of much of this information creates a serious privacy threat when documents are uncontrollably made available to ...untrusted third parties. In such cases, appropriate data protection measures should be undertaken by the responsible organization, especially under the umbrella of current legislation on data privacy. To do so, human experts are usually requested to redact or sanitize document contents. To relieve this burdensome task, this paper presents a privacy model for document redaction/sanitization, which offers several advantages over other models available in the literature. Based on the well‐established foundations of data semantics and information theory, our model provides a framework to develop and implement automated and inherently semantic redaction/sanitization tools. Moreover, contrary to ad‐hoc redaction methods, our proposal provides a priori privacy guarantees which can be intuitively defined according to current legislations on data privacy. Empirical tests performed within the context of several use cases illustrate the applicability of our model and its ability to mimic the reasoning of human sanitizers.
Sunscreens have been shown to give the most effective protection for human skin from ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Chemicals from sunscreens (i.e., UV filters) accumulate in the sea and have toxic ...effects on marine organisms. In this report, we demonstrate that photoexcitation of inorganic UV filters (i.e., TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles) under solar radiation produces significant amounts of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a strong oxidizing agent that generates high levels of stress on marine phytoplankton. Our results indicate that the inorganic oxide nanoparticle content in 1 g of commercial sunscreen produces rates of H2O2 in seawater of up to 463 nM/h, directly affecting the growth of phytoplankton. Conservative estimates for a Mediterranean beach reveal that tourism activities during a summer day may release on the order of 4 kg of TiO2 nanoparticles to the water and produce an increment in the concentration of H2O2 of 270 nM/day. Our results, together with the data provided by tourism records in the Mediterranean, point to TiO2 nanoparticles as the major oxidizing agent entering coastal waters, with direct ecological consequences on the ecosystem.
En la catedral de Ávila se conservan dos cetros de plata dorada del siglo xvi. Gracias a las aportaciones documentales inéditas y al estudio detallado de las piezas, ahora se pueden atribuir al ...renombrado platero Juan de Arfe como un encargo temprano.
We investigate nonlinear transport properties of quantum conductors in response to both electrical and thermal driving forces. Within the scattering approach, we determine the nonequilibrium ...screening potential of a generic mesoscopic system and find that its response is dictated by particle and entropic injectivities which describe the charge and entropy transfer during transport. We illustrate our model analyzing the voltage and thermal rectification of a resonant tunneling barrier. Importantly, we discuss interaction induced contributions to the thermopower in the presence of large temperature differences.
•Over one hundred and fifty references, one third of which from the last three years.•Cycles are classified into categories according to common features.•Forty-two categories for stand-alone cycles ...and thirty-eight for combined layouts.•Stand-alone (simple) cycles in literature show dispersion of up to 30%.•Stand-alone (simple) cycles in literature show dispersion of up to 50%.
Power cycles running on carbon dioxide at supercritical pressure and temperature were introduced in the late ninety-sixties but, after a warm welcome to the theoretical performance announced, they were later abandoned in favour of standard combustion gas turbines. Nevertheless, the technology was brought forward about a decade ago and has since captured significant attention from the scientific and industrial community. The number of publications has risen exponentially and there are several experimental projects under development today. The performances of these cycles have been deeply analysed in literature, proving to be theoretically competitive.
This paper reviews all the works published in the topic to date. Different cycle concepts (stand-alone and in combination with other cycles using the same or different technologies), layouts, fuels, applications (power only or combined heat and power) and operating conditions are reviewed and categorised according to the configuration of the cycle. This latter feature is thought to be an interesting added value of this paper since, rather than just listing the past work in the area of sCO2 power cycles, it also organises the numerous cycles in different categories and provides a comparison of the claimed performance of each one of them.
This comparison between the performances of the various configurations is based on the values declared in the original papers and thus applies to very different boundary conditions. Obviously, this great heterogeneity of the available data (in particular the temperatures and pressures considered) makes it impossible to establish a fair comparison between the configurations reviewed. Therefore, a future study seems to be mandatory where the performances of all cycles should be compared for the same set of operating conditions.
Porphyrins, called the pigments of life, have been studied for decades. However, the first constitutional isomer of porphyrin, porphycene, was not synthesized until 1986. This milestone marked the ...beginning of a new era in the field of porphyrinoids and presented opportunities for the creation of an abundance of new pigments. The unique structural and electronic features of these compounds give rise to interesting physical and optical properties with applications in biomedicine and materials science. This review focuses on the synthetic methodologies available for the preparation of porphycenes (functionalized porphycenes, extended porphycenes, benzoporphycenes, naphthoporphycenes, and heteroanalogues) and the other known isomers, namely, corrphycene, hemiporphycene, and isoporphycene. Although the classical synthetic approaches are discussed, particular emphasis is placed on improvements to the known methodologies and recent advances in the field.
We investigate nonlinear heat properties in mesoscopic conductors using a scattering theory of transport. Our approach is based on a leading-order expansion in both the electrical and thermal driving ...forces. Beyond linear response, the transport coefficients are functions of the nonequilibrium screening potential that builds up in the system due to interactions. Within a mean-field approximation, we self-consistently calculate the heat rectification properties of a quantum dot attached to two terminals. We discuss nonlinear contributions to the Peltier effect and find departures from the Wiedemann-Franz law in the nonlinear regime of transport.
Introduction
Physical Education in the current education system has various objectives,including educating students on the values of physical activity and increasing the physical activity levels of ...students.
Objective
The purpose of the present study is to analyze the motivational profiles of students, to understand which profiles have higher levels of responsibility, satisfaction of autonomy, competence, and social relationship needs; intention to be physically active; and perception of autonomy support.
Methods
A total of 752 students from Primary, Secondary, and Non-compulsory Education (M = 13.809; SD = 1.984, 47.9% boys and 52.1% girls), from different educational centers in Spain, participated in the study, to whom a series of questionnaires were administered to find out their values of the mentioned variables. The results established the existence of four profiles: “high quality,” “low quality,” “high quantity,” and “low quantity” of motivation.
Results
The results reflect that the students of the “high quality” and “high quantity” profiles had higher values in all the variables in relation to the other two groups (except in amotivation and external regulation), discussing the differential analysis between the four groups. The group with the best results was the “high quantity” profile, as opposed to the “low quantity” profile. In turn, no differences were found according to gender, but according to the educational stage, the Primary Education stage was more related to the more self-determined profiles.
Discussion and conclusion
Therefore, it is necessary to look for more self-determined motivational profiles from an early age in order to improve levels of responsibility, perception of autonomy, satisfaction of basic psychological needs, and the intention to be physically active.
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