The cellular mechanisms driving cardiac tissue formation remain poorly understood, largely due to the structural and functional complexity of the heart. It is unclear whether newly generated myocytes ...originate from cardiac stem/progenitor cells or from pre-existing cardiomyocytes that re-enter the cell cycle. Here, we identify the source of new cardiomyocytes during mouse development and after injury. Our findings suggest that cardiac progenitors maintain proliferative potential and are the main source of cardiomyocytes during development; however, the onset of αMHC expression leads to reduced cycling capacity. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals a proliferative, "progenitor-like" population abundant in early embryonic stages that decreases to minimal levels postnatally. Furthermore, cardiac injury by ligation of the left anterior descending artery was found to activate cardiomyocyte proliferation in neonatal but not adult mice. Our data suggest that clonal dominance of differentiating progenitors mediates cardiac development, while a distinct subpopulation of cardiomyocytes may have the potential for limited proliferation during late embryonic development and shortly after birth.
Opencast (coal) mining activities significantly affect the society and environment in several aspects, including land-useland-cover (LULC) alteration. The present study aims to quantify the ...alteration in LULC patterns in every 4 year from 2006 to 2018 in the Jharsuguda coal mining region in Odisha, India. The study has used the multitemporal Landsat series satellite data for LULC classification. A support vector machine algorithm was designed for LULC classifications into five broad classes, viz. water body, mining area, forest/vegetation area, bare land, and built-up area. The key findings of the study indicated that the coverage of mining area was gradually increased from 2006 to 2018 with an annual change rate of + 0.03%. On the other hand, a significant loss in the forest cover/vegetation was observed with the annual change rate of − 0.04% from 2006 to 2018. The remarkable increment in the coverage of bare land area was also noted during the study period. The mining activity has posed a serious threat to the forest resources over the study region. Hence, a proper management policy for mine reclamation should be practised over the Jharsuguda coal mining region to protect the forest, environment, and society.
Viral genes as oncolytic agents for cancer therapy Gupta, Shishir Kumar; Gandham, Ravi Kumar; Sahoo, A. P ...
Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS,
03/2015, Volume:
72, Issue:
6
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Many viruses have the ability to modulate the apoptosis, and to accomplish it; viruses encode proteins which specifically interact with the cellular signaling pathways. While some viruses encode ...proteins, which inhibit the apoptosis or death of the infected cells, there are viruses whose encoded proteins can kill the infected cells by multiple mechanisms, including apoptosis. A particular class of these viruses has specific gene(s) in their genomes which, upon ectopic expression, can kill the tumor cells selectively without affecting the normal cells. These genes and their encoded products have demonstrated great potential to be developed as novel anticancer therapeutic agents which can specifically target and kill the cancer cells leaving the normal cells unharmed. In this review, we will discuss about the viral genes having specific cancer cell killing properties, what is known about their functioning, signaling pathways and their therapeutic applications as anticancer agents.
► Effective extractants for curry and mint leaf were standardised. ► Curry leaf extract has potential antioxidant effect even better than sodium nitrite. ► Mint leaf exhibited similar antioxidant ...effect to that of sodium nitrite at 100ppm level.
The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant activity of different solvent extracts of curry and mint leaf and their effect on colour and oxidative stability of raw ground pork meat stored at 4±1°C. The results indicated that among the two individual leaf categories, the ethanol extract of curry leaf (EHEC) and the water extract of mint leaf (WEM) showed higher DPPH and ABTS+ activity. EHEC also exhibited the highest total phenolic contents while these were the lowest for WEM. WEM showed the highest superoxide anionic scavenging activity (%). The pork meat samples treated with EHEC and WEM showed a decrease in the Hunter L- and a-values and a increase in b-value during storage at 4°C. However, the pH and TBARS values were higher in control samples irrespective of storage periods. In conclusion, EHEC and WEM have the potential to be used as natural antioxidants to minimise lipid oxidation of pork products.
•Annual net NEE was −7.47Mg C ha−1 in lowland tropical rice.•Cumulative annual net NEME was +419.68kg CH4 ha−1 in lowland tropical rice.•In lowland rice ecology, latent heat outweighed sensible ...heat.•Annual GWP-based C balance showed this ecology is a C sink.•Tropical lowland rice ecology has a good potential to store carbon (1.04Mg Cha−1).
This paper reports on the annual net ecosystem exchanges of methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2), sensible heat (H) and latent heat (LE) fluxes between tropical lowland rice and atmosphere as well as quantification of annual net ecosystem carbon (C) balance. This study included both wet and dry rice seasons and fallow periods as well. Cumulative annual net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) was −7.47Mg C ha−1 and net ecosystem CH4 exchange (NEME) was +419.68kg CH4 ha−1, respectively, which were higher than the reported values in the same ecology. The range of NEE was much wider in dry season compared to wet season. However, NEME did not vary considerably between the seasons. As a whole, integrated NEE was 52% higher in dry season, whereas, integrated NEME was 24% higher in wet season. In lowland rice ecology LE outweighed H. The NEME showed positive correlation with H and LE in dry season, but the relationship of NEME with LE in wet season was negative. That might be due to changes in processes driving the methanogenesis versus methanotrophy in relatively dry soil and or less transportation of CH4 from soil to atmosphere through rice. Annual global warming potential (GWP)-based C balance was done by considering net ecosystem production (NEP), rhizodeposition, algal biomass, root plus stubble biomass, ratoon and compost addition as ecosystem C input, whereas, NEME and nitrous oxide (N2O) emission, C removal through harvest and dissolved organic C as ecosystem C outflux. Although (GWP)-based CO2C equivalent of CH4 and N2O emissions were sources of C loss from lowland rice ecosystem, but taking into account all the components of C balance within the system, this ecology reflected a good potential to store considerable amount of carbon (1.04Mg C ha−1) and hence, acted as net C sink. Future challenge is to quantify ecosystem carbon budgeting either by considering all sources of energy input and output and/or by using life cycle assessment method in lowland ecology and its up scaling.
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of mineral and antioxidant supplementation on growth, reproductive performance and physiological adaptability of heat‐stressed Malpura ewes. The study ...was conducted for a period of 21 days in 21 adult Malpura ewes. The ewes were randomly divided into three groups with seven animals each viz. GI (control; n = 7), GII (heat stress; n = 7) and GIII (heat stress + mineral and antioxidant supplementation; n = 7). The animals were stall fed ad libitum with the diet consisting of 70% roughage and 30% concentrate. GI ewes were maintained under normal controlled condition in the shed, while GII and GIII ewes were subjected to heat stress by exposing them to 42 °C in the climatic chamber. The parameters studied were feed intake (FI), water intake (WI), body weight, body condition score (BCS), physiological, biochemical and endocrine responses. Heat stress significantly altered FI, water intake, BCS, respiration rate and rectal temperature in the afternoon, oestrus duration, estradiol, progesterone, Hb, PCV, plasma glucose, total protein, cortisol, T₃ and T₄ levels while mineral and antioxidant supplementation ameliorated this heat stress effect on the parameters studied. Further, the adverse effect of heat stress on the productive and reproductive efficiency of Malpura ewes was reduced considerably by mineral mixture and antioxidant supplementation. This is evident from the non‐significant difference in BCS, oestrus duration and plasma estradiol between GI and GIII in this study. Hence, it is very pertinent to conclude from this study that mineral mixture and antioxidant supplementation were able to protect Malpura ewes against heat stress.
Display omitted
•RGO/Au nano-composite was synthesized by a one step solvothermal approach.•The nano composite modified electrode was applied for ultra trace determination Hg.•A protocol has been ...developed for the determination of p-methoxy phenol.•The composite material was applied for the decomposition of p-methoxy phenol.
A facile, one-step solvothermal approach has been utilized for the synthesis of a reduced graphene oxide/Au nanocomposite (RGO/Au) material. Deposition of Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) on the surface of reduced graphene oxide sheets has been realized by a simple reduction of Au precursors and graphite oxide (GO) in ethylene glycol (EG), without using any additional reductants and surfactants. The morphology of the RGO/Au nanocomposite was thoroughly examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The morphology of the RGO/Au nanocomposite was characterized by HRTEM and 20nm was the average size of the AuNPs obtained. The performance of the RGO/Au nanocomposite has been investigated in the application of the Hg determination at the trace/ultra trace level using differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry. The composite material was also applied for the determination of p-methoxy phenol (PMP) and, most importantly, it was observed that the material was suitable for the decomposition of PMP by the electrochemical oxidation process. The three sigma detection limits for Hg2+ and PMP were obtained as 0.25μgL−1 and 0.64μM, respectively. The applicability of the RGO/Au nanocomposite was further extended to determine Hg2+ in soil samples. Chronoamperometric tests were carried out to investigate the performance of modified and unmodified electrodes in the decomposition of PMP by the electrochemical oxidation route.
A series of Sm and Mn co-doped nanoparticles are synthesized through ethylene glycol assisted sol–gel route to study the impact of both rare earth ions and Mn on the structural, magnetic and low ...temperature electronic behaviour in LaFeO
3
. The Rietveld analysis of X-ray diffraction data shows a single phase nature of the nanoparticle with distorted orthorhombic crystal structure. The unit cell volume reduces with increasing Mn, is due to the ionic radii differences between the cations which cause crystal lattice contraction because of the distortion of Fe/MnO
6
octahedra. Mostly, particles are agglomerated with an average particle size of 38.5 nm. From the XPS spectra, the existence of multivalence state of both Fe and Mn are obtained. This multiple state of transition metal ions along with Sm are expected to play a major role in the magnetic interactions and other related properties. A drastic magnetic disorder phase is acquired by the modified systems at low temperature as compared to the pure G-Type LaFeO
3
. Furthermore, the modified nanoparticle shows a colossal dielectric response (> 10
3
at 100 Hz) and the obtained dielectric relaxation follows mostly non-Debye type which is further confirmed through explicit modulus spectra analysis. From the impedance, modulus and ac-conductivity analysis, the conduction processes in the modified systems reveal a possible N-type and P-type polaronic conduction for both the grain and grain boundary.
Merits of atomic cascade computations Fritzsche, S.; Sahoo, A. K.; Sharma, L. ...
The European physical journal. D, Atomic, molecular, and optical physics,
06/2024, Volume:
78, Issue:
6
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Atomic cascades refer—first and foremost—to the stepwise de-excitation of excited atoms owing to the emission of electrons or photons. Apart from dedicated experiments at storage rings and ...synchrotrons, such cascades frequently occur in astro and plasma physics, material research, surface science and at various places elsewhere. In addition, moreover, “atomic cascades” have been found a useful concept for modeling atomic behavior under different conditions, for instance, when dealing with the photoabsorption of matter, the generation of synthesized spectra, or for determining a rather wide class of (plasma) rate coefficients. We here compile and discuss several atomic cascades (schemes) that help predict cross sections, rate coefficients, electron and photon spectra, or ion distributions. We also demonstrate how readily these schemes have been implemented within JAC, the Jena Atomic Calculator. Emphasis is placed on the classification of atomic cascades and their (quite) natural breakdown into cascade
computations
, to deal with the electronic structure and transition amplitudes of atoms and ions, as well as the cascade
simulation
of those properties and spectra, that are experimentally accessible. As an example, we show and discuss the computation of dielectronic recombination plasma rate coefficients for beryllium-like gold ions. The concept of atomic cascades and its implementation into JAC can be applied for most ions across the periodic table and will facilitate the modeling and interpretation of many forthcoming observations.
Graphical abstract
Efficient, cost effective and easy to use tools are needed for site specific management of soils for increasing the crop productivity. Currently nutrient management recommendations for rice in the ...study are typically uniform without consideration of spatial heterogeneity of nutrient content in soil. This study has emphasized the use of management zones (MZs) as an efficient method for variable application of fertilizers. Rajnagar Block of Kendrapada District in India was selected as the study area for the present study and 225 soil samples were collected on 1.5kilometer grids. Soil samples were analyzed for pH, electrical conductivity, soil organic carbon, available nitrogen, available phosphorous, available potassium DTPA extractable micronutrients i.e., iron, zinc, copper, and manganese. Spatial variability of these soil properties was analyzed and spatial distribution maps were generated using geostatistics and ordinary kriging technique. Further, principal component analysis and fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm were performed to delineate the management zones based on optimum clusters identified using fuzzy performance index (FPI) and normalized classification entropy (NCE). The results revealed that the optimum number of MZs for this study area was three and there was heterogeneity in soil nutrients in three MZs. The delineated MZs provide a basis of information for site-specific fertilizer management in the rice cultivated fields in the study area.
•Spatial variability of soil properties was quantified using geostatistics.•Fuzzy clustering was used to divide study area into three management zones (MZs).•There was heterogeneity in soil nutrients in three MZs.•MZs may be an efficient method for variable application of fertilizers in rice.
PDF
