Although activation of the STAT3 pathway has been associated with tumor progression in a wide variety of cancer types (including ovarian cancer), the precise mechanism of invasion and metastasis due ...to STAT3 are not fully delineated in ovarian cancer. We found that pSTAT3 Tyr705 is constitutively activated in patient ascites and ascites-derived ovarian cancer cells (ADOCCs), and the range of STAT3 expression could be very high to low. In vivo transplantation of ADOCCs with high pSTAT3 expression into the ovarian bursa of mice resulted in a large primary tumor and widespread peritoneal metastases. In contrast, ADOCCs with low STAT3 expression or ADOCCs with STAT3 expression knockdown, led to reduced tumor growth and an absence of metastases in vivo. Cytokines derived from the ADOCC culture medium activate the interleukin (IL)-6/STAT pathway in the STAT3 knockout (KO) cells, compensating for the absence of inherent STAT3 in the cells. Treatment with HO-3867 (a novel STAT3 inhibitor at 100 p.p.m. in an orthotopic murine model) significantly suppressed ovarian tumor growth, angiogenesis and metastasis by targeting STAT3 and its downstream proteins. HO-3867 was found to have cytotoxic effects in ex vivo cultures of freshly collected human ovarian cancers, including those resistant to platinum-based chemotherapy. Our results show that STAT3 is necessary for ovarian tumor progression/metastasis and highlight the potential for targeting STAT3 by HO-3867 as a therapeutic strategy for ovarian cancer.
On radiation from circular microstrip disk with a slot Bhatnagar, D.; Bhardwaj, V.; Tiwari, V.K. ...
6th International SYmposium on Antennas, Propagation and EM Theory, 2003. Proceedings. 2003,
2003
Conference Proceeding
The mode dependent study on the radiation properties of a CMDS i.e. circular microstrip disk antenna having a slot (slot angle /spl beta/) is carried out theoretically in this paper by applying a ...cavity model based model expansion technique. Expressions for mode dependent far-field patterns, bandwidth, total quality factor, directivity and radiation efficiency of this antenna are obtained and computed in TM/sub nm/ mode of excitation. These computations are first validated by comparing computed far-field patterns of the CMDS radiator having /spl beta/=0/spl deg/ with simulated far-field patterns for a disk radiator. After successful validation, TM/sub 11/ mode theoretical radiation patterns of CMDS having /spl beta/=12/spl deg/ are drawn in E and H plane. Bandwidth, total quality factor, directivity and radiation efficiency values of this antenna are also obtained by considering three /spl beta/ values, which results in three different disk geometries.
Nanoparticles are small scale substances (<100
nm) used in biomedical applications, electronics, and energy production. Increased exposure to nanoparticles being produced in large-scale industry ...facilities elicits concerns for the toxicity of certain classes of nanoparticles. This study evaluated the effects of silver-25
nm (Ag-25) nanoparticles on gene expression in different regions of the mouse brain. Adult-male C57BL/6N mice were administered (i.p.) 100
mg/kg, 500
mg/kg or 1000
mg/kg Ag-25 and sacrificed after 24
h. Regions from the brain were rapidly removed and dissected into caudate nucleus, frontal cortex and hippocampus. Total RNA was isolated from each of the three brain regions collected and real-time RT-PCR analysis was performed using Mouse Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defense Arrays. Array data revealed the expression of genes varied in the caudate nucleus, frontal cortex and hippocampus of mice when treated with Ag-25. The data suggest that Ag-25 nanoparticles may produce neurotoxicity by generating free radical-induced oxidative stress and by altering gene expression, producing apoptosis and neurotoxicity.
Varied manifestations of herpes simplex keratitis are postulated to be related to alterations or paucity of protective immune response to the virus. In this study lymphocyte subpopulations and ...macrophage inhibition factor (MIF) assay are investigated in herpes simplex keratitis. Active T-lymphocytes are detected to be significantly low in active keratitis as compared to the healed stage (P less than 0.001) and normal control subjects (P less than 0.01). Active T-cells are also lower in bilateral keratitis than in unilateral keratitis (P less than 0.01), and in stromal keratitis than in epithelial keratitis (P less than 0.05). Total E-rosette-forming cells and leucocyte migration inhibition factor (MIF) assay demonstrates significantly lower values in bilateral keratitis than in unilateral keratitis, and in stromal keratitis than in epithelial keratitis. On healing, total E-RFC, active T-cells and MIF values improved and are comparable to those found in normal subjects. Enumeration of absolute lymphocyte counts and EAC rosette-forming cells (B-lymphocyte cells) did not yield any differences. Our observations demonstrate paucity of cell-mediated immune response in stromal keratitis. More marked deficiency is demonstrable in bilateral keratitis. Manifestations of herpes simplex keratitis and their healing is observed to be relatable to the level of cell mediated immune response.
A liquid medium comprising Ca 100 ppm, B 10 ppm, lysine 37.5 ppm, cystine 5 ppm, glutamic acid 0.05 ppm and sucrose 12.5% was developed to overcome the technical difficulties arising in the testing ...of maize pollen germination and tube elongation with semi-solid media. Calcium in the liquid medium played a major role in preventing pollen bursting. Genetic sources differ in time taken for pollen germination, germination percentage and tube lenght. Pollen tube lenght was found to be representative of hybrid vigour. To maintain pollen viability for breeding new hybrid, the transportation and/or storage of tassel itself was found desirable due to its easy practicability
This evidence‐ and consensus‐based guideline was developed following the methods recommended by Cochrane and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) working ...group. The conference was held on 1 December 2016. It is a joint initiative of the Dermatology Section of the European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology (EAACI), the EU‐founded network of excellence, the Global Allergy and Asthma European Network (GA²LEN), the European Dermatology Forum (EDF) and the World Allergy Organization (WAO) with the participation of 48 delegates of 42 national and international societies. This guideline was acknowledged and accepted by the European Union of Medical Specialists (UEMS). Urticaria is a frequent, mast cell‐driven disease, presenting with wheals, angioedema, or both. The lifetime prevalence for acute urticaria is approximately 20%. Chronic spontaneous urticaria and other chronic forms of urticaria are disabling, impair quality of life and affect performance at work and school. This guideline covers the definition and classification of urticaria, taking into account the recent progress in identifying its causes, eliciting factors and pathomechanisms. In addition, it outlines evidence‐based diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for the different subtypes of urticaria.
Eighty contact lens wearing eyes and 20 non-contact lens wearing eyes are investigated for biomicroscopic changes and impression cytology. Symptomatic contact lens wearing eyes demonstrate ...significantly more prevalent and severe papillary conjunctival changes than in asymptomatic contact lens wearing eyes. Impression cytological changes demonstrate squamous metaplasia and goblet cell loss which is seen to increase with increasing duration of lens wear.
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a common extra-intestinal manifestation of celiac disease (CD). Little is known about the frequency with which primary care physicians (PCPs) test for CD in patients ...with IDA. We aimed to describe how PCPs approach testing for CD in asymptomatic patients with IDA.
We electronically distributed a survey to PCPs who are members of the American College of Physicians. Respondents were asked whether they would test for CD (serologic testing, refer for esophagogastroduodenoscopy EGD, or refer to GI) in hypothetical patients with new IDA, including: (1) a young Caucasian man, (2) a premenopausal Caucasian woman, (3) an elderly Caucasian man, and (4) a young African American man. These scenarios were chosen to assess for differences in testing for CD based on age, gender, and race. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors of testing.
Testing for CD varied significantly according to patient characteristics, with young Caucasian men being the most frequently tested (61% of respondents reporting they would perform serologic testing in this subgroup (p<0.001)). Contrary to guideline recommendations, 80% of respondents reported they would definitely or probably start a patient with positive serologies for CD on a gluten free diet prior to confirmatory upper endoscopy.
PCPs are under-testing for CD in patients with IDA, regardless of age, gender, race, or post-menopausal status. The majority of PCPs surveyed reported they do not strictly adhere to established guidelines regarding a confirmatory duodenal biopsy in a patient with positive serology for CD.
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