Purpose
To get insight into the potential significance of objectively measured sedentary time (ST), and physical activity (PA) intensity levels on sleep quality (SQ) in women with fibromyalgia; and ...to assess whether those who meet moderate‐to‐vigorous PA (MVPA) recommendations have better SQ than their counterparts.
Methods
Four‐hundred and nine women with fibromyalgia (age range 30‐65 years old) from Andalusia (southern Spain) were included in this cross‐sectional study. Sedentary time, PA intensity levels (light, moderate, and MVPA), and total PA were assessed with accelerometers during seven consecutive days. Sleep quality was measured with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index self‐report questionnaire.
Results
Higher ST was associated with worse subjective SQ, sleep duration, sleep disturbances, daytime dysfunction, and SQ global score (all, P < 0.05). All PA levels were associated with better subjective SQ and sleep latency and with less sleep medication and daytime dysfunction (all, P < 0.05). In addition, light and total PA were associated with better sleep efficiency, SQ global score, and less sleep disturbances (all, P < 0.05). Finally, women meeting bouted PA recommendations displayed better SQ than patients not meeting the recommendations (bouted or non‐bouted).
Conclusion
Lower ST and greater PA levels are associated with better SQ in women with fibromyalgia. This result demonstrates that those patients with fibromyalgia who reduce periods of inactivity and perform PA could be better sleepers, which might contribute to a lower severity of the disease. It is noteworthy that meeting bouted PA recommendations is associated with better SQ.
Objective
To analyze changes over time and the predictive value of baseline and changes of sedentary time (ST) and physical activity (PA) on pain, disease impact, and health‐related quality of life ...(HRQoL) at 2‐ and 5‐year follow‐up in women with fibromyalgia.
Methods
This is a longitudinal and exploratory study with three time points. A total of 427 women with fibromyalgia (51.4 ± 7.6 years) were followed after 2 (n = 172) and 5 years (n = 185). ST and PA (light and moderate‐to‐vigorous MVPA) were assessed using triaxial accelerometers. Pain, disease impact, and HRQoL were measured using: pressure pain threshold, the pain subscale of the revised fibromyalgia impact questionnaire (FIQR), the bodily pain subscale of the 36‐item short‐form health survey (SF‐36), a visual analog scale (VAS), the FIQR, and the SF‐36 physical and mental components.
Results
Over 5 years, pressure pain threshold, ST, light PA, and MVPA variables were worsened, while FIQR and SF‐36 variables were improved (Cohen's d < 0.1–0.3). Baseline ST or light PA were not associated with future outcomes, whereas greater MVPA at baseline was associated with better SF‐36 bodily pain at 5‐year follow‐up (β = 0.13). Reducing ST and increasing light PA were associated with better bodily pain (β = −0.16 and 0.17, respectively) and SF‐36 physical component (β = −0.20 and 0.17, respectively) at 5‐year follow‐up. Increasing MVPA was associated with less pain (pressure pain threshold, VAS, and FIQR‐pain) and better SF‐36 physical component at 2‐ and 5‐year follow‐up (β's from −0.20 to 0.21).
Conclusions
Objectively measured variables slightly worsened over years, while for self‐reported outcomes there was a trend for improvement. Reductions in ST and increases in light PA and MVPA were associated with better HRQoL at 5‐year follow‐up, and increases in MVPA were additionally associated with better pain and HRQoL at 2‐year follow‐up.
Objective
There is an overall awareness of the detrimental health effects of sedentary time (ST) in fibromyalgia; however, data are limited on how replacement of ST with physical activity (PA) of ...different intensity may be related to health in this condition. The aim of this study was to examine how a substitution of ST with light PA (LPA) or moderate‐to‐vigorous PA (MVPA) is associated with quality of life and disease impact.
Methods
This study comprised 407 women with fibromyalgia, mean ± SD age 51.4 ± 7.6 years. The time spent in ST and PA was measured with triaxial accelerometry. Quality of life and disease impact were assessed using the Short Form 36 (SF‐36) health survey and the Revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQR), respectively. The substitution of ST with an equivalent time of LPA or MVPA and the associated outcomes were examined using isotemporal substitution analyses.
Results
Substituting 30 minutes of ST with LPA in the isotemporal model was associated with better scores in bodily pain (B = 0.55), vitality (B = 0.74), and social functioning (B = 1.45) according to the SF‐36, and better scores at all of the domains (function, overall impact, symptoms, and total impact) of the FIQR (B ranging from –0.95 to –0.27; all P < 0.05). When ST was replaced with MVPA, better physical role (B = 2.30) and social functioning (B = 4.11) of the SF‐36 and function of the FIQR (B = –0.73) were observed (all P < 0.05).
Conclusion
In regression models, allocation of time of sedentary behavior to either LPA or MVPA was associated with better quality of life and lower disease impact in women with fibromyalgia.
Objectives
To analyze the association of sedentary time and physical activity (PA) intensity levels with immunometabolic markers during early pregnancy; and to examine if meeting the PA ...recommendations is associated with the immunometabolic profile of pregnant women.
Methods
Fifty Caucasian pregnant women (age: 32.8 ± 4.7 years old, body mass index: 24.2 ± 4.1kg/m2, gestational age: 17 ± 1.5weeks) participated in this cross‐sectional study (from September 2015 through May 2016). Sedentary time and PA intensity levels were objectively measured with triaxial accelerometer (seven consecutive valid days). Fasting serum glucose, total cholesterol, phospholipids, and triglycerides were assessed with standard methods. Serum pro‐inflammatory and anti‐inflammatory cytokines (fractalkine, interleukin‐1β, interleukin‐6, interleukin‐8, interleukin‐10, interferon‐γ, and tumor necrosis factor‐α) were measured using Luminex xMAP technology.
Results
Sedentary time and PA were not correlated with any glycemic or lipid marker (P > .05). After adjusting for the potential confounders, vigorous PA showed a positive non‐significant association with interleukin‐6 (P = .06), and bouts of moderate‐vigorous PA was inversely associated with interleukin‐1β and interferon‐γ (P = .02 and P = .04, respectively). Meeting the PA guidelines was inversely associated with interleukin‐1β and positively associated with interleukin‐8 (P = .01 and P = .04, respectively). These associations disappeared after controlling for multiplicity.
Conclusions
Increasing the time spent in moderate‐vigorous PA, or meeting the PA recommendations, is associated with the cytokine profile of women without metabolic disruptions in early pregnancy. However, sedentary time and PA do not seem to be associated with glucose or lipid levels. These results should be interpreted cautiously in view of the discrepancies after adjusting for multiple comparisons. Future studies in this novel field of research are warranted before reaching any conclusion.
Background
The combined effect of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and body mass index (BMI) on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in young people remains to be fully determined. We examined the ...individual and combined associations of CRF and BMI with clustered CVD risk factors, and the mediator role of BMI in the association between CRF and clustered CVD risk factors in children and adolescents.
Methods
237 children (111 girls) and 260 adolescents (120 girls) were included in this cross‐sectional study. Height and weight were assessed and BMI was calculated. A CVD risk factor index (CVDRF‐I) was computed from: waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, triglycerides, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and glucose. CRF was assessed using the 20‐m shuttle run test. Regression analysis, analysis of covariance and mediation analysis (Baron and Kenny procedures) were used to test the independent and combined effect of CRF and BMI on CVDRF‐I, and to test mediation hypothesis, respectively.
Results
CRF was negatively associated with CVDRF‐I (all P < 0.05); however, after adjusting for BMI the associations were no longer significant in children and adolescents of both sex groups. Contrary, the association between BMI and CVDRF‐I was independent of CRF (all P < 0.001). The effect of CRF on CVDRF‐I was mediated by BMI. The percentage of the total effect of CRF on CVDRF‐I mediated by BMI for boys and girls children and boys and girls adolescents were 79.5%, 100%, 81.2% and 55.7%, respectively.
Conclusions
BMI is an independent predictor of CVDRF‐I and a mediator of the association between CRF and CVDRF‐I in children and adolescents. These results help to clarify the associations between CRF, weight status and cardiovascular health, suggesting that future CVD health would benefit from maintaining an optimal weight status.
Abstract Objectives To characterize a representative sample of fibromyalgia women based on a set of relevant factors known to be related to this disease. To distinguish specific factors of the ...disease from other symptoms that might also exist in non-fibromyalgia women. To test whether fibromyalgia affects more severely physical or psychological outcomes. Methods A total of 459 fibromyalgia women vs. 214 non-fibromyalgia (control) women from Southern Spain (Andalusia) took part in this cross-sectional study. Several instruments were used to assess tenderness, impact of fibromyalgia, fatigue, health-related quality of life, mental health, and cognitive performance. Results Overall, fibromyalgia women showed a worse status in pain, fatigue, health-related quality of life, depression, and anxiety than controls ( P < 0.01). In general, the observed associations presented very large effect sizes (Cohen׳s d from ~1 to ~5.5). No differences between fibromyalgia and controls were observed in cognitive and memory performance, except for delayed recall, but the observed effect size was low (~0.25). The effect size observed for the global physical component (~3.3) was larger than that for the global psychological component (~1.3), all P < 0.001. Conclusions Our results reinforce the understanding of fibromyalgia as a polysymptomatic distress condition with pain as its main symptom. Our findings support that fibromyalgia seems to have a greater impact on physical than on psychological outcomes, though both are largely affected.
The study aimed (a) to examine changes in physical activity (PA) during the whole day, school hours, recess, and physical education classes (PEC) during a 2‐year period in primary and secondary ...students; (b) to identify changes in the proportion of compliance with specific PA recommendations for these periods; and (c) to examine whether PA levels at baseline are associated with PA levels 2 years later. Eight hundred and fourteen (51.8% boys) children and 658 (50.1% boys) adolescents from 41 Spanish schools participated in the study. Hip‐worn accelerometers were used to assess PA during different time periods. Light PA (LPA) declined during the whole day, school hours, recess (all P < 0.001, except child girls for recess), and PEC (all, P < 0.05) in children and adolescents. Moderate‐to‐vigorous PA (MVPA) during the whole day and recess declined in child boys (P < 0.01 and P < 0.001, respectively) and adolescent boys (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively). MVPA during PEC declined in adolescent boys (P < 0.001) and adolescent girls (all P < 0.05). The proportion of compliance with the specific PA recommendations for these periods declined (P < 0.05), except for PEC in adolescent girls. PA during the whole day at baseline was moderately associated with PA during the whole day years later (ICCs = 0.210‐0.544, with one exception), but this association was lower for the school‐based PA. In conclusion, time spent in MVPA and LPA during the whole day and recess declined over time in child and adolescent boys and during PEC in adolescents. These findings highlight the need to promote PA interventions in these settings.
Objective
This population‐based cross‐sectional study aimed to characterize the association of different components of physical fitness with pain levels, pain‐related catastrophizing, and chronic ...pain self‐efficacy in women with fibromyalgia (FM).
Methods
A total of 468 women with FM participated. The experience of pain was assessed with different tools (algometry, a numeric rating scale revised FM impact questionnaire, a visual analog scale, and the bodily pain subscale on the Short Form 36 health survey). We also assessed pain‐related catastrophizing and chronic pain self‐efficacy. Physical fitness was assessed with performance‐based tests (Senior Fitness Test battery and handgrip dynamometry). A standardized composite score was computed for each component of physical fitness (aerobic fitness, muscle strength, flexibility, and motor agility), and their average comprised a clustered global fitness profile.
Results
Overall, higher physical fitness was consistently associated with lower levels of pain, lower pain‐related catastrophizing, and higher chronic pain self‐efficacy (regardless of the pain assessment method and the fitness test evaluated). Muscle strength and flexibility were independently associated with pain (P < 0.005 for both), and participants with high muscle strength plus high flexibility (combined effect) had the lowest levels of pain in this population. Aerobic fitness and flexibility were independently associated with pain‐related catastrophizing (P < 0.001 for both) and chronic pain self‐efficacy (P < 0.001 for both), and participants with high flexibility plus high aerobic fitness (combined effect) had the best catastrophizing and self‐efficacy profiles.
Conclusion
Our results suggest that higher physical fitness is associated with lower levels of pain, lower pain‐related catastrophizing, and higher chronic pain self‐efficacy in women with FM. These results might have implications for future intervention studies in this population.
To assess the association between physical fitness and fibromyalgia (FM) severity in women with FM as well as to assess whether different fitness components present an independent relation with FM ...severity.
Population-based cross-sectional study.
University facilities and FM associations.
Women with FM (N=444).
Not applicable.
FM severity was assessed with the Revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQR). Aerobic fitness (6-min walk test), muscle strength (handgrip, chair stand, and arm curl tests), flexibility (chair sit and reach and back scratch tests), and motor agility (8 foot Up and Go test) were measured with the Senior Fitness Test battery and digital dynamometry. A standardized composite score (hereafter "global fitness profile") was calculated and divided into quintiles.
Overall, physical fitness was significantly associated with the FIQR total and subscale scores, regardless of the fitness test used (all P<.05). The 6-minute walk and back-scratch tests were independently associated with the FIQR total score (R(2)=.88; both P<.005). The group with the highest global fitness profile had 16% lower FM severity than did the group with the lowest global fitness profile (P<.001).
Our results suggest that higher physical fitness is consistently associated with lower FM severity in women with FM. Aerobic fitness and flexibility present independent associations with FM severity. However, the FIQR variability explained by these fitness tests was rather low (<10%), and further research on the potential disagreement between performance-based physical fitness and different self-reported outcomes in women with FM is warranted.
To examine the construct validity of the International FItness Scale (IFIS) (ie, self-reported fitness) against objectively measured physical fitness in women with fibromyalgia and in healthy women; ...and to study the test-retest reliability of the IFIS in women with fibromyalgia.
Cross-sectional study.
Fibromyalgia patient support groups.
Women with fibromyalgia (n=413) and healthy women (controls) (n=195) for validity purposes and women with fibromyalgia (n=101) for the reliability study. The total sample was N=709.
Not applicable.
Fitness level was both self-reported (IFIS) and measured using performance-based fitness tests. For the reliability study the IFIS was completed on 2 occasions, 1 week apart.
Women with fibromyalgia who reported average fitness had better measured fitness than those reporting very poor fitness (all P<.001, except 6-minute walk test where P<.05), with similar trends observed in healthy control women. The test-retest reliability of the IFIS, as measured by the average weighted κ, was .45.
The IFIS was able to identify women with fibromyalgia who had very low fitness and distinguish them from those with higher fitness levels. Furthermore, the IFIS was moderately reliable in women with fibromyalgia.
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