Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has been shown to be associated with a lot of neurological complications, of whom Guillain‐Barre syndrome (GBS) is an important post‐infectious consequentiality. ...More than 220 patients with GBS have been reported thus far. We intend to share our experience with five patients of GBS where one of them had severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). This is the first‐ever report demonstrating the presence of SARS‐CoV‐2 in the CSF of an adult patient; a similar occurrence has recently been described in a pediatric patient. We wish to emphasize the fact that commonly GBS occurs as a result of a post‐infectious process but in a few cases where the symptoms of COVID‐19 and GBS occur concurrently, corresponding to the viremic phase, separate pathogenesis needs to be thought of. This para‐infectious nature is exemplified by the presence of virus in the cerebrospinal fluid of one of our patients. We review the neuroinvasive potential of SARS‐Cov‐2 in this regard and draw parallels with Cytomegalovirus, Zika virus, and Human Immunodeficiency virus‐associated occurrences of GBS.
Abstract
Sulfur‐doped Eosin‐B (SDE‐B) photocatalysts were synthesized for the first time utilizing sublimed sulfur (S
8
) as a dopant in an in situ thermal copolymerization technique. Sulfur doping ...not only increased Eosin‐B (E‐B) absorption range for solar radiation but also improved fixation and oxygenation capabilities. The doped sulfur bridges the S‐S bond by substituting for the edge bromine of the E‐B bond. The improved photocatalytic activity of SDE‐B in the fixation and oxygenation of NAD
+
/NADP
+
and sulfides using solar light is attributed to the photo‐induced hole of SDE‐B's high fixation and oxygenation capacity, as well as an efficient suppression of electron and hole recombination. The powerful light‐harvesting bridge system created using SDE‐B as a photocatalyst works extremely well, resulting in high NADH/NADPH regeneration (79.58/76.36%) and good sulfoxide yields (98.9%) under solar light. This study focuses on the creation and implementation of a sulfur‐doped photocatalyst for direct fine chemical regeneration and organic transformation.
•C-8 spiro-isoxazoline derivatives of andrographolide were synthesised.•4k displayed most potent cytotoxicity (IC50 =3 μM) in breast cancer cells (MCF-7).•4k increased the production of cellular and ...mitochondrial ROS, decreased the MMP, and inhibited the colony formation.•4k also induced apoptosis in MCF-7 by attenuating the BCl2 expression in a dose dependent manner.
14-Deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide (14-DDA, 3), a secondary metabolite found in Andrographis paniculata nees, has been synthetically modified into a new series of C-8 spiro-isoxazoline derivatives. Andrographolide and its derivatives were well reported for the anticancer activity so herein we have synthesised C-8 spiro-isoxazoline derivatives (4a-l) and screened for in vitro studies against four human cancer cell lines: breast (MCF-7), lung (A549), pancreatic (MiaPaCa-2), and prostate (PC-3). Most of the synthesized compounds exhibited better anti-cancer activities than the parent natural products andrographolide (1) and 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide (3) for different human cancer lines. Among all compounds, compound 4k displayed most potent cytotoxicity (IC50 =3 μM) in breast cancer cells (MCF-7). Further, mechanistic studies revealed that compound 4k affected the nuclear morphology of MCF-7 cells, increased the production of cellular and mitochondrial ROS, decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and inhibited the colony formation. The compound 4k also induced apoptosis in MCF-7 by attenuating the BCl2 expression in a dose dependent manner. The expression of Cdk-4 was also downregulated by 4k. The overall findings of this study indicate that the compound 4k exhibited significant anticancer activity with reduced toxicity in-vitro and might thus be a promising anti-cancer lead candidate.
Photocatalysis is an ecofriendly and sustainable pathway for utilizing solar energy to convert organic molecules. In this context, using solar light responsive graphene-based materials for C–N bond ...activation and coenzyme regeneration (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydrogen; NADH) is one of the utmost important and challenging tasks in this century. Herein, we report the synthesis of nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (NGQDs)-eriochrome cyanine (EC) solar light active highly efficient “NGQDs@EC” composite photocatalyst for the conversion of 4-chloro benzylamine into 4-chloro benzylamine, accompanied by the regeneration of NADH from NAD+, respectively. The NGQDs@EC composite photocatalyst system is utilized in a highly efficient and stereospecific solar light responsive manner, leading to the conversion of imine (98.5%) and NADH regeneration (55%) in comparison to NGQDs. The present research work highlights the improvements in the use of NGQDs@EC composite photocatalyst for stereospecific NADH regeneration and conversion of imine under solar light.
Aloe vera‐derived graphene (ADG) coupled system photocatalyst, mimicking natural photosynthesis, is one of the most promising ways for converting solar energy into ammonia (NH3) and nicotinamide ...adenine dinucleotide (NADH) that have been widely used to make the numerous chemicals such as fertilizer and fuel. In this study, we report the synthesis of the aloe vera‐derived graphene‐coupled phenosafranin (ADGCP) acting as a highly efficient photocatalyst for the generation of NH3 and regeneration of NADH from nitrogen (N2) and oxidized form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). The results show a benchmark instance for mimicking natural photosynthesis activity as well as the practical applications for the solar‐driven selective formation of NH3 and the regeneration of NADH by using the newly designed photocatalyst.
In this study, the utilization of solar light irradiation enables the generation and regeneration of ammonia and NADH using an aloe vera‐derived graphene‐coupled phenosafranin (ADGCP) photocatalyst. The results show the remarkable efficiency and environmental friendly nature of the ADGCP system, offering the promising way to solve worldwide issues related to sustainable chemical synthesis and energy production.
This manuscript emphasizes how structural assembling can facilitate the generation of solar chemicals and the synthesis of fine chemicals under solar light, which is a challenging task via a ...photocatalytic pathway. Solar energy utilization for pollution prevention through the reduction of organic chemicals is one of the most challenging tasks. In this field, a metal-based photocatalyst is an optional technique but has some drawbacks, such as low efficiency, a toxic nature, poor yield of photocatalytic products, and it is expensive. A metal-free activated carbon cloth (ACC)–templated photocatalyst is an alternative path to minimize these drawbacks. Herein, we design the synthesis and development of a metal-free self-assembled eriochrome cyanine R (EC-R) based ACC photocatalyst (EC-R@ACC), which has a higher molar extinction coefficient and an appropriate optical band gap in the visible region. The EC-R@ACC photocatalyst functions in a highly effective manner for the photocatalytic reduction of 4-nitro benzyl alcohol (4-NBA) into 4-amino benzyl alcohol (4-ABA) with a yield of 96% in 12 h. The synthesized EC-R@ACC photocatalyst also regenerates reduced forms of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) cofactor with a yield of 76.9% in 2 h. The calculated turnover number (TON) of the EC-R@ACC photocatalyst for the reduction of 4-nitrobenzyl alcohol is 1.769 × 1019 molecules. The present research sets a new benchmark example in the area of organic transformation and artificial photocatalysis.
Metal-free photocatalysis is a sustainable and environmentally friendly method of transforming solar energy into molecules with added value. A light-harvesting photocatalyst without metal Phloxin-B ...(P-B)
in-situ
edge functionalized graphitic carbon nitride (g-C
3
N
4
) was assembled to enable the solar-light responsive photocatalytic C-H bond arylation and NADH regeneration cofactor. The photocatalytic performance was examined to estimate the C-H bond arylation and NADH regeneration efficiency by g-C
3
N
4
/P-B composite photocatalyst. The charge carrier transfer of g-C
3
N
4
was found to be stimulated by the light harvester P-B layer, increasing the efficiency of chemical synthesis under solar light irradiation. In light of this, the g-C
3
N
4
/P-B composite photocatalyst exhibits high photocatalytic activity for the successful C-H bond arylation (98.6%) and regeneration of NADH (70.7%). This composite photocatalyst was characterized by FTIR and UV-visible spectrum along with particle size analysis, and cyclic voltammetry (CV). This effort offers a new and superficial technique to synthesize a highly efficient g-C
3
N
4
/P-B composite photocatalyst and afford a greener path for renewable energy and photocatalytic reactions.
Graphical abstract
The graphical abstract represents the highly selective g-C
3
N
4
/P-B photocatalyst for the C-H bond activation of 4-bromoaryldiazonium salts with furan and regeneration of NADH under solar light irradiation. The g-C
3
N
4
/P-B photocatalyst has been effective photocatalytic property due stacking of Phloxin-B dye (P-B) on the g-C
3
N
4
sheet. NADH regenerated and C-H bond arylated products are used as substrates in the pharma industries.
The need for sunlight chemical renewal and contemporary organic transformation has fostered the advancement of environmentally friendly photocatalytic techniques. For the first time, we report on the ...novel crafting of a bright future with selenium-infused Eosin-B (Se
-E-B) nanocomposite photocatalysts in this work. The Se
-E-B nanocomposite materials were created using a hydrothermal process for solar chemical regeneration and organic transformation under visible light. The synthesized samples were subjected to UV-DRS-visible spectroscopy, FT-IR, SEM, EDX, EIS and XRD analysis. The energy band gap of the Se
-E-B nanocomposite photocatalyst was measured using UV-DRS, and the result was around 2.06 eV. to investigate the generated Se
-E-B catalytic activity as a nanocomposite for 1,4-NADH/NADPH re-formation and C-N bond activation. This novel photocatalyst offers a promising alternative for the regeneration of solar chemicals and C-N bond creation between pyrrole and aryl halides.
The need for sunlight chemical renewal and contemporary organic transformation has fostered the advancement of environmentally friendly photocatalytic techniques. For the first time, we report on the ...novel crafting of a bright future with selenium‐infused Eosin‐B (Sein‐E‐B) nanocomposite photocatalysts in this work. The Sein‐E‐B nanocomposite materials were created using a hydrothermal process for solar chemical regeneration and organic transformation under visible light. The synthesized samples were subjected to UV‐DRS‐visible spectroscopy, FT‐IR, SEM, EDX, EIS and XRD analysis. The energy band gap of the Sein‐E‐B nanocomposite photocatalyst was measured using UV‐DRS, and the result was around 2.06 eV. to investigate the generated Sein‐E‐B catalytic activity as a nanocomposite for 1,4‐NADH/NADPH re‐formation and C−N bond activation. This novel photocatalyst offers a promising alternative for the regeneration of solar chemicals and C−N bond creation between pyrrole and aryl halides.
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