Food printing using 3D, 4D, and 5D printing processes has received a lot of interest as a result of rising living standards and increased customer desire for new foods. In the food industry, 3D as ...well as 4D printing are extremely effective methods for additive manufacturing. The 3D printing technology produces flat objects with a variety of mechanical strengths. The strength of the object depends on the type of material used and the printing process. Printing structures with the most complex geometric, such as curved surfaces, necessitates the usage of supplementary material. The 4D printing procedure necessitates additional stimuli in order to adjust the aspect of the generated geometry. These obstacles can be addressed by employing 5D printing techniques, which prints the product in three motions and two rotational axes without the use of additional support material. These emerging innovations are likely to result in substantial advancements in all industries, including the manufacturing of high-quality food products. Food printing technology can be used to create long shelf-life products by printing food with protective coatings that prevent oxidation and degradation. Foods can also be printed in specific shapes or sizes to reduce surface area exposed to air. 6D printed objects can be created as a result of 5D printing because it is regarded as a by-product of 5D printing technology. 6D printing can save time and money by using the right processing parameters to create strong materials that are more sensitive to stimuli. 7D printing can enable more efficient production processes, reduce costs, and enable the development of products that are more complex and intricate than what is achievable with traditional manufacturing methods. The revolutionary change brought by food printing technologies in the field of applications, research and development, processing, advantages in food industry have been discussed in this paper.
Half-Heusler compounds exhibit a remarkable variety of emergent properties such as heavy-fermion behaviour, unconventional superconductivity and magnetism. Several of these compounds have been ...predicted to host topologically non-trivial electronic structures. Remarkably, recent theoretical studies have indicated the possibility to induce non-trivial topological surface states in an otherwise trivial half-Heusler system by strain engineering. Here, using magneto-transport measurements and first principles DFT-based simulations, we demonstrate topological surface states on strained 110 oriented thin films of YPdBi grown on (100) MgO. These topological surface states arise in an otherwise trivial semi-metal purely driven by strain. Furthermore, we observe the onset of superconductivity in these strained films highlighting the possibility of engineering a topological superconducting state. Our results demonstrate the critical role played by strain in engineering novel topological states in thin film systems for developing next-generation spintronic devices.
Cold plasma processing is a nonthermal approach that maintains food quality while minimizing the effects of heat on its nutritious qualities. Utilizing activated, highly reactive gaseous molecules, ...cold plasma processing technique inactivates contaminating microorganisms in food and packaging materials. Pesticides and enzymes that are linked to quality degradation are currently the most critical issues in the fresh produce industry. Using cold plasma causes pesticides and enzymes to degrade, which is associated with quality deterioration. The product surface characteristics and processing variables, such as environmental factors, processing parameters, and intrinsic factors, need to be optimized to obtain higher cold plasma efficiency. The purpose of this review is to analyse the impact of cold plasma processing on qualitative characteristics of food products and to demonstrate the effect of cold plasma on preventing microbiological concerns while also improving the quality of minimally processed products.
The proliferation of electric vehicle (EV) technology is an important step towards a more sustainable future. In the current work, two-layer feed-forward artificial neural-network-based machine ...learning is applied to design soft sensors to estimate the state of charge (SOC), state of energy (SOE), and power loss (PL) of a formula student electric vehicle (FSEV) battery-pack system. The proposed soft sensors were designed to predict the SOC, SOE, and PL of the EV battery pack on the basis of the input current profile. The input current profile was derived on the basis of the designed vehicle parameters, and formula Bharat track features and guidelines. All developed soft sensors were tested for mean squared error (MSE) and R-squared metrics of the dataset partitions; equations relating the derived and predicted outputs; error histograms of the training, validation, and testing datasets; training state indicators such as gradient, mu, and validation fails; validation performance over successive epochs; and predicted versus derived plots over one lap time. Moreover, the prediction accuracy of the proposed soft sensors was compared against linear or nonlinear regression models and parametric structure models used for system identification such as autoregressive with exogenous variables (ARX), autoregressive moving average with exogenous variables (ARMAX), output error (OE) and Box Jenkins (BJ). The testing dataset accuracy of the proposed FSEV SOC, SOE, PL soft sensors was 99.96%, 99.96%, and 99.99%, respectively. The proposed soft sensors attained higher prediction accuracy than that of the modelling structures mentioned above. FSEV results also indicated that the SOC and SOE dropped from 97% to 93.5% and 93.8%, respectively, during the running time of 118 s (one lap time). Thus, two-layer feed-forward neural-network-based soft sensors can be applied for the effective monitoring and prediction of SOC, SOE, and PL during the operation of EVs.
In post-reproductive C. elegans, destructive somatic biomass repurposing supports production of yolk which, it was recently shown, is vented and can serve as a foodstuff for larval progeny. This is ...reminiscent of the suicidal reproductive effort (reproductive death) typical of semelparous organisms such as Pacific salmon. To explore the possibility that C. elegans exhibits reproductive death, we have compared sibling species pairs of the genera Caenorhabditis and Pristionchus with hermaphrodites and females. We report that yolk venting and constitutive, early pathology involving major anatomical changes occur only in hermaphrodites, which are also shorter lived. Moreover, only in hermaphrodites does germline removal suppress senescent pathology and markedly increase lifespan. This is consistent with the hypothesis that C. elegans exhibit reproductive death that is suppressed by germline ablation. If correct, this would imply a major difference in the ageing process between C. elegans and most higher organisms, and potentially explain the exceptional plasticity in C. elegans ageing.
Inhibiting the tyrosine kinase activity of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) using small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) is often ineffective in treating cancers harboring wild-type ...EGFR (wt-EGFR). TKIs are known to cause dimerization of EGFR without altering its expression level. Given the fact that EGFR possesses kinase-independent pro-survival function, the role of TKI-inactivated EGFR in cancer cell survival needs to be addressed. In this study, using wt-EGFR-expressing cancer cells A549 (lung), DU145 (prostate), PC3 (prostate), and MDA-MB-231 (breast), we characterized the TKI-induced dimerization status of EGFR and determined the dependency of cells on kinase-inactivated EGFR for survival. We report that TKI-induced EGFR dimerization is dependent on palmitoylation and independent of its kinase activity, and that mutations of the cysteine residues known to be critical for EGFR's palmitoylation abolished TKI-induced EGFR dimerization. Furthermore, TKI-induced EGFR dimerization is persistent in TKI-resistant cells, and inhibition of palmitoylation by 2-bromopalmitate, or targeted reduction of the kinase-inactivated EGFR by siRNA or by an EGFR-downregulating peptide, are lethal to TKI-resistant cancer cells. This study suggests that kinase-inactivated EGFR remains to be a viable therapeutic target for wt-EGFR cancers and that inhibiting palmitoylation or downregulating EGFR may overcome TKI resistance.
Aim
The COVID‐19 pandemic adversely affected the essential care of newborns. In a tertiary care hospital in India, all COVID‐19 suspect post‐natal mothers awaiting COVID results were transferred to a ...ward shared with symptomatic COVID suspect female patients from other clinical specialities, due to shortage of space and functional health workforce. Babies born to COVID‐19 suspect mothers were moved to a separate ward with a caretaker until their mothers tested negative. Due to shortage of beds and delay in receiving COVID results, mothers and babies were often discharged separately 2–3 days apart to their home. This deprived babies of their mother's milk and bonding. We, therefore, undertook a quality improvement (QI) initiative aiming to improve rooming‐in of eligible COVID‐19 suspect mother–newborn dyads from 0% to more than 90% over a period of 6 weeks.
Methods
A QI team was formed which ran multiple Plan‐Do‐Study‐Act cycles. The results were reviewed at regular intervals and interventions were adopted, adapted or abandoned. These included advocacy, rearrangement of wards, counselling of mothers and caretakers regarding infection prevention practices and coordination between labour room, post‐natal ward and nursery staff.
Results
An improvement in rooming‐in from 0% to more than 90% was achieved.
Conclusion
QI methodology is a systematic approach in addressing and solving unexpected unforeseen problems effectively.
Fruits are an abundant source of minerals and nutrients. High nutritional value and easy-to-consume property have increased its demand. In a way to fulfil this need, farmers have increased ...production, thus making it available for consumers in various regions. This distribution of fruits to various regions deals with many associated problems like deterioration and spoilage. In a way, the common practices that are being used are stored at low temperatures, preservation with chemicals, and many more. Recently, edible coating has emerged as a promising preservation technique to combat the above-mentioned problems. Edible coating stands for coating fruits with bioactive compounds which maintains the nutritional characteristics of fruit and also enhances the shelf life. The property of edible coating to control moisture loss, solute movement, gas exchange, and oxidation makes it most suitable to use. Preservation is uplifted by maintaining the nutritional and physicochemical properties of fruits with the effectiveness of essential oils. The essential oil contains antioxidant, antimicrobial, flavor, and probiotic properties. The utilization of essential oil in the edible coating has increased the property of coating. This review includes the process of extraction, potential benefits and applications of essential oils in food industry.
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