The human gut microbiota controls factors that relate to human metabolism with a reach far greater than originally expected. Microbial communities and human (or animal) hosts entertain reciprocal ...exchanges between various inputs that are largely controlled by the host via its genetic make-up, nutrition and lifestyle. The composition of these microbial communities is fundamental to supply metabolic capabilities beyond those encoded in the host genome, and contributes to hormone and cellular signalling that support the dynamic adaptation to changes in food availability, environment and organismal development. Poor functional exchange between the microbial communities and their human host is associated with dysbiosis, metabolic dysfunction and disease. This review examines the biology of the dynamic relationship between the reciprocal metabolic state of the microbiota-host entity in balance with its environment (i.e. in healthy states), the enzymatic and metabolic changes associated with its imbalance in three well-studied diseases states such as obesity, diabetes and atherosclerosis, and the effects of bariatric surgery and exercise.
Variante oncocítica del carcinoma mucoepidermoide Salazar Rodríguez, Sirced; Jiménez Galainena, Julio J.; Suárez Lamadrid, Anabel ...
Revista Cubana de estomatologia,
03/2011, Volume:
48, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
El carcinoma mucoepidermoide es el más común de todos los tumores malignos de glándulas salivales, constituye el 30 % de ellos. Aproximadamente la mitad de los casos (53 %) ocurre en las glándulas ...salivales mayores. El 45 % predomina en glándula parótida, el 7 % en la submandibular y el 1 % en la glándula sublingual. Este tumor se presenta con más frecuencia en el sexo femenino (3:2) y en la quinta década de la vida. Múltiples variantes, con diferentes rangos de diferenciación han sido descritas, se incluyen: la oncocítica, esclerosante, uniquística, sebácea, de células claras, células globosas de alto grado, células fusocelular y psamomatosa. El carcinoma mucoepidermoide variante oncocítica es un subtipo raro que puede mostrar prominentes cambios oncocíticos. Se reporta un caso de carcinoma mucoepidermoide variante oncocítica de alto grado histológico. El índice de Ki 67 fue del 5 %, el tumor fue negativo para C-erb2 y presentó inmunorreactividad para E-caderina y Syndecan-1.
To update the knowledge of the epidemiology of fungaemia episodes in Spain, the species implicated and their in vitro antifungal susceptibilities.
Episodes were identified prospectively over 13 ...months at 44 hospitals. Molecular methods were used to determine the cryptic species inside the Candida parapsilosis and Candida glabrata complexes. Susceptibility to amphotericin B, anidulafungin, caspofungin, fluconazole, flucytosine, itraconazole, micafungin, posaconazole and voriconazole was determined by a microdilution colorimetric method. New species-specific clinical breakpoints (SSCBPs) for echinocandins, fluconazole and voriconazole were applied.
The incidence of the 1357 fungaemia episodes evaluated was 0.92 per 1000 admissions. The incidence of Candida albicans fungaemia was the highest (0.41 episodes/1000 admissions), followed by Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto (0.22). Candida orthopsilosis was the fifth cause of fungaemia (0.02), outnumbered by Candida glabrata and Candida tropicalis. Interestingly, the incidence of fungaemia by C. parapsilosis was 11 and 74 times higher than that by C. orthopsilosis and Candida metapsilosis, respectively. Neither Candida nivariensis nor Candida bracarensis was isolated. Fungaemia was more common in non-intensive care unit settings (65.2%) and among elderly patients (46.4%), mixed fungaemia being incidental (1.5%). Overall susceptibility rates were 77.6% for itraconazole, 91.9% for fluconazole and 96.5%-99.8% for the other agents. Important resistance rates were only observed in C. glabrata for itraconazole (24.1%) and posaconazole (14.5%), and in Candida krusei for itraconazole (81.5%).
Fungaemia is more common in non-critical patients. C. albicans is the most common species, followed by C. parapsilosis and C. glabrata. Nearly 90% of yeasts are susceptible to all antifungal agents tested. Resistance rates change moderately when applying the new SSCBPs.
El carcinoma mucoepidermoide es el más común de todos los tumores malignos de glándulas salivales, constituye el 30 % de ellos. Aproximadamente la mitad de los casos (53 %) ocurre en las glándulas ...salivales mayores. El 45 % predomina en glándula parótida, el 7 % en la submandibular y el 1 % en la glándula sublingual. Este tumor se presenta con más frecuencia en el sexo femenino (3:2) y en la quinta década de la vida. Múltiples variantes, con diferentes rangos de diferenciación han sido descritas, se incluyen: la oncocítica, esclerosante, uniquística, sebácea, de células claras, células globosas de alto grado, células fusocelular y psamomatosa. El carcinoma mucoepidermoide variante oncocítica es un subtipo raro que puede mostrar prominentes cambios oncocíticos. Se reporta un caso de carcinoma mucoepidermoide variante oncocítica de alto grado histológico. El índice de Ki 67 fue del 5 %, el tumor fue negativo para C-erb2 y presentó inmunorreactividad para E-caderina y Syndecan-1.The mucoepidermoid carcinoma is the commonest of all malignant tumors of salivary glands, accounting for the 30 % of them. Approximately the half of cases (53 %) occurs in the major salivary glands. The 45 % has predominance in parotid gland, the 7 % in the submandibular one, and the 1 % in the sublingual gland one. This type of tumor is more frequent in female sex (3-2) and at fifth decade of life. Multiple variants with different ranks have been described including the oncocyte, sclerosant, unicystic, sebaceous, of clear cells, high degree spherical cells, fusocellular and psammomatous. The mucoepidermoid carcinoma, oncocyte variant, is an unusual subtype that may to shows significant oncocyte changes. Authors report a case of histological high degree mucoepidermoid carcinoma. The rate of Ki 67 was of 5 %, the negative tumor for C-erb2 and had immunoreaction to E-caderine and Syndecan-1.
Data protection for the use of bring your own device García Suarez, Yaira Anabel; Arteaga Lucas, Kassandra Elizabeth; Castillo Bravo, Eliecer Francisco ...
Minerva,
12/2022, Volume:
1, Issue:
Special
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) is a business policy that provides flexibility and productivity to the employees of the companies, organizations, or establishments that adopt it. In this work, a study ...was carried out to know the formal use of personal mobile devices for work activities, using collection techniques such as surveys and interviews. In this sense, it was analyzed whether or not people officially use BYOD. The main results showed that a significant number of workers use the trend informally from their smartphone, while others are not using it, but they have the availability to do so. Finally, it is proposed to develop an action plan that helps use Bring Your Own Device with adequate data protection and mitigation in the loss of information.
Las transformaciones económicas y sociales se hacen sentir de una forma u otra y con intensidades diferentes en cada faceta del proceso de desarrollo del país; por tanto, las entidades cubanas, y ...dentro de ellas las empresas comercializadoras estatales, no están ajenas a estos cambios, por lo que se ven en la necesidad de realizar investigaciones de corte mercantil con el fin de encontrar los recursos necesarios para continuar realizando su función social y al mismo tiempo incrementar los recursos del Estado. El capital humano constituye un eslabón fundamental en la gestión de la comercialización, la capacitación, experiencia y profesionalidad del personal comercial garantiza un correcto desempeño y una superior gestión. Para una eficiente gestión de la comercialización se hace necesario realizar un diagnóstico efectivo donde se reflejen las verdaderas necesidades de la entidad. De esta manera el modelo conceptual elaborado constituye una herramienta efectiva en nuestras empresas y se muestra como el capital humano constituye un vital proceso de apoyo junto a la gestión económica y logística. Para la realización del estudio se utilizaron herramientas y técnicas tales como la auditoria de marketing, recopilación de datos, análisis y entrevista, diagrama causa-efecto, etc.
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