Abstract
Background
Heart failure is a common adverse postoperative complication in elderly patients. It is necessary to explore the risk factors of heart after the operation of elderly patients with ...hip fracture during hospitalization.
Methods
Patients with hip fractures admitted to our hospital from January 1, 2019 to December 31 2020 were included, all the patients received internal fixation surgery. The characteristics of patients with and without postoperative heart failure were compared. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were applied to analyze the risk factors of heart failure in elderly patients with hip fracture.
Results
A total of 283 patients with hip fractures were included, the incidence of heart failure was 12.37 %. There were significant differences in the age, hypertension, anemia hypoalbuminemia and duration of surgery between heart failure and no heart failure group(all p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the gender, BMI, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, history of heart failure, cognitive dysfunction, type of fracture, preoperative oxygen saturation, white blood cell count, platelet count, red blood cell count, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and estimated blood loss during surgery between heart failure and no heart failure group(all p > 0.05). Logistic regression analyses indicated that age ≥ 70y(OR2.446, 95% CI1.044 ~ 4.149), hypertension(OR2.152, 95% CI1.125 ~ 4.023), anemia(OR3.094, 95% CI1.294 ~ 5.907), hypoalbuminemia(OR2.377, 95% CI1.205 ~ 4.537), duration of surgery ≥ 120 min(OR1.683, 95% CI1.094 ~ 2.782) were the risk factors of heart failure in elderly patients with hip fracture(all
p
< 0.05).
Conclusions
The incidence of postoperative heart failure in elderly patients with hip fracture is relatively high, which is the result of a combination of high-risk factors. Peri-period risk assessment and prevention of related risks are the keys to a good prognosis for patients.
Metagenomics is a new approach to study microorganisms obtained from a specific environment by functional gene screening or sequencing analysis. Metagenomics studies focus on microbial diversity, ...community constitute, genetic and evolutionary relationships, functional activities, and interactions and relationships with the environment. Sequencing technologies have evolved from shotgun sequencing to high-throughput, next-generation sequencing (NGS), and third-generation sequencing (TGS). NGS and TGS have shown the advantage of rapid detection of pathogenic microorganisms. With the help of new algorithms, we can better perform the taxonomic profiling and gene prediction of microbial species. Functional metagenomics is helpful to screen new bioactive substances and new functional genes from microorganisms and microbial metabolites. In this article, basic steps, classification, and applications of metagenomics are reviewed.
Background
Epidemiological studies emphasize the link between metabolic factors and thyroid cancer. Using Mendelian randomization (MR), we assessed the possible causal impact of metabolic factors on ...thyroid cancer for the first time.
Methods
Summary statistics for metabolic factors and thyroid cancer were obtained from published Genome-wide association studies. The causal relationships were assessed using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method as the primary method through a two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis. To account for the potential existence of horizontal pleiotropy, four additional methods were employed, including Mendelian Randomization–Egger (MR-Egger), weighted median method (WM), simple mode, and weighted mode method. Given the presence of interactions between metabolic factors, a multivariable MR analysis was subsequently conducted.
Results
The results showed there was a genetic link between HDL level and protection effect of thyroid cancer using IVW (OR= 0.75, 95% confidence intervals CIs 0.60-0.93, p=0.01) and MR-Egger method (OR= 0.70, 95% confidence intervals CIs 0.50- 0.97, p=0.03). The results remained robust in multivariable MR analysis for the genetic link between HDL level and protection effect of thyroid cancer (OR= 0.74, 95% confidence intervals CIs 0.55-0.99, p=0.04).
Conclusions
This study suggests a protection role for HDL on thyroid cancer. The study findings provide evidence for the public health suggestion for thyroid cancer prevention. HDL’s potential as a pharmacological target needs further validation.
Accurate evaluation of patients with disorders of consciousness (DoC) is crucial for personalized treatment. However, misdiagnosis remains a serious issue. Neuroimaging methods could observe the ...conscious activity in patients who have no evidence of consciousness in behavior, and provide objective and quantitative indexes to assist doctors in their diagnosis. In the review, we discussed the current research based on the evaluation of consciousness rehabilitation after DoC using EEG, fMRI, PET, and fNIRS, as well as the advantages and limitations of each method. Nowadays single-modal neuroimaging can no longer meet the researchers` demand. Considering both spatial and temporal resolution, recent studies have attempted to focus on the multi-modal method which can enhance the capability of neuroimaging methods in the evaluation of DoC. As neuroimaging devices become wireless, integrated, and portable, multi-modal neuroimaging methods will drive new advancements in brain science research.
The use of hydrogen (H ₂) as a fuel offers enhanced energy conversion efficiency and tremendous potential to decrease greenhouse gas emissions, but producing it in a distributed, carbon-neutral, ...low-cost manner requires new technologies. Herein we demonstrate the complete conversion of glucose and xylose from plant biomass to H ₂ and CO ₂ based on an in vitro synthetic enzymatic pathway. Glucose and xylose were simultaneously converted to H ₂ with a yield of two H ₂ per carbon, the maximum possible yield. Parameters of a nonlinear kinetic model were fitted with experimental data using a genetic algorithm, and a global sensitivity analysis was used to identify the enzymes that have the greatest impact on reaction rate and yield. After optimizing enzyme loadings using this model, volumetric H ₂ productivity was increased 3-fold to 32 mmol H ₂⋅L ⁻¹⋅h ⁻¹. The productivity was further enhanced to 54 mmol H ₂⋅L ⁻¹⋅h ⁻¹ by increasing reaction temperature, substrate, and enzyme concentrations—an increase of 67-fold compared with the initial studies using this method. The production of hydrogen from locally produced biomass is a promising means to achieve global green energy production.
Significance Hydrogen (H ₂) has great potential to be used to power passenger vehicles. One solution to these problems is to distribute and store renewable carbohydrate instead, converting it to hydrogen as required. In this work more than 10 purified enzymes were combined into artificial enzymatic pathways and a high yield from both glucose and xylose to hydrogen was achieved. Also, gaseous hydrogen can be separated from aqueous substrates easily, greatly decreasing product separation costs, and avoid reconcentrating sugar solutions. This study describes high-yield enzymatic hydrogen production from biomass sugars and an engineered reaction rate increase achieved through the use of kinetic modeling. Distributed hydrogen production based on evenly distributed less-costly biomass could accelerate the implementation of the hydrogen economy.
Objective. To identify susceptibility modules and genes for cardiovascular disease in diabetic patients using weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA). Methods. The raw data of GSE13760 ...were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) website. Genes with a false discovery rate<0.05 and a log2 fold change≥0.5 were included in the analysis. WGCNA was used to build a gene coexpression network, screen important modules, and filter the hub genes. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed for the genes in modules with clinical interest. Genes with a significance over 0.2 and a module membership over 0.8 were used as hub genes. Subsequently, we screened these hub genes in the published genome-wide SNP data of cardiovascular disease. The overlapped genes were defined as key genes. Results. Fourteen gene coexpression modules were constructed via WGCNA analysis. Module greenyellow was mostly significantly correlated with diabetes. The GO analysis showed that genes in the module greenyellow were mainly enriched in extracellular matrix organization, extracellular exosome, and calcium ion binding. The KEGG analysis showed that the genes in the module greenyellow were mainly enriched in antigen processing and presentation, phagosome. Fifteen genes were identified as hub genes. Finally, HLA-DRB1, LRP1, and MMP2 were identified as key genes. Conclusion. This was the first study that used the WGCNA method to construct a coexpression network to explore diabetes-associated susceptibility modules and genes for cardiovascular disease. Our study identified a module and several key genes that acted as essential components in the etiology of diabetes-associated cardiovascular disease, which may enhance our fundamental knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying this disease.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the interrelationship between tooth preparation and dental structure of Chinese maxillary central incisors and provide scientific guidance for clinical ...all-ceramic restoration. Forty-five specimens of maxillary central incisors were fabricated by 3D printer based on data of Micro CT scanning. Subsequently, every three specimens from the same natural tooth were randomly divided into three groups (n = 15): porcelain veneer, all ceramic crown, and the blank control group. All the specimen teeth were prepared according to routine clinical criteria, reconstructed into 3D models and then measured in software. The results showed that the mean quantity of reduction (volume fraction) was (28.35 ± 4.37) % and (56.93 ± 3.47) % for porcelain veneer and all-ceramic crown, respectively. The bonding areas of different all-ceramic restorations were (128.85 ± 11.73) mm2 and (97.15 ± 9.98) mm2 for all-ceramic crown and porcelain veneer respectively. In porcelain veneer group, the area of enamel adhesive was (54.80 ± 12.70) mm2, and the area of dentin was (42.35 ± 9.62) mm2. As the results of the one-sample t test, the mean distances from medullary angle to incisal edge or adjacent surface have significant differences with the test value which was set as 0.5 (P < .05). The reduction of the tooth for porcelain veneer is less than that of ceramic crown and the cementation of porcelain veneer is mostly dependent on the conservation of the enamel during preparation. The region from mesial adjacent surface to mesiopulpal angle is prone to have the problem of medullary perforation.
To construct ceRNA network and identify pivotal competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) in adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) using ceRNA network analysis.
The RNA sequencing expression data of 77 ACCs in ...TCGA were obtained from GEPIA. Cancer specific ceRNAs, cancer specific microRNAs (miRNAs), and cancer specific messenger RNAs (mRNAs) were identified. The interaction of cancer specific miRNAs with cancer specific ceRNAs and cancer specific mRNAs were predicted. CeRNA network was constructed and visualized by Cytoscape 3.7.0 software. The genes in ceRNA network regulated GO terms and regulated pathways were performed by function analysis. Survival analysis of pivotal ceRNAs was performed for the pivotal lncRNAs.
Twenty-eight cancer specific ceRNAs, 149 cancer specific miRNAs, and 104 mRNAs were identified. CeRNA network was constructed including 10 ceRNAs, 35 miRNAs, and 34 mRNAs. The genes in ceRNA network regulated GO terms and were classified into three groups: cellular component (CC), molecular function (MF), and biological process (BP). The genes in ceRNA network regulated the following pathways: leukocyte transendothelial migration, and proteoglycans in cancer. Survival analysis showed that CTB-63M22.1 and RP1-241P17.4 were significantly associated with ACC patient disease free survival and overall survival.
This study has constructed ceRNA networks in ACC. The study provides a set of pivotal ceRNAs for future investigation into the molecular mechanisms.
Aqueous supercapacitors have occupied a significant position among various types of stationary energy storage equipment, while their widespread application is hindered by the relatively low energy ...density. Herein, N/F co-doped carbon materials activated by manganese clusters (NCM) are constructed by the straightforward experimental routine. Benefiting from the elevated conductivity structure at the microscopic level, the optimized NCM-0.5 electrodes exhibited a remarkable specific capacitance of 653 F g
at 0.4 A g
and exceptional cycling stability (97.39% capacity retention even after 40,000 cycles at the scanning rate of 100 mV s
) in a neutral 5 M LiCl electrolyte. Moreover, we assembled an asymmetric device pairing with a VO
anode (NCM-0.5//VO
), which delivered a durable life span of 95% capacity retention over 30,000 cycles and an impressive energy density of 77.9 Wh kg
. This study provides inspiration for transition metal element doping engineering in high-energy storage equipment.
Because of the increasing dysplasia rate in the lifelong course of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients, it is imperative to characterize the crosstalk between IBD and colorectal cancer (CRC). ...However, there have been no reports revealing the occurrence of the ceRNA network in IBD-related CRC.
In this study, we conducted gene expression profile studies of databases and performed an integrated analysis to detect the potential of lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA in regulating disease transformation. R packages were used to screen differentially expressed mRNA, lncRNA and miRNA among CRC, IBD and normal tissue. The lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network was constructed based on predicted miRNA-targeted lncRNAs and miRNA-targeted mRNAs. Functional analyses were then conducted to identify genes involved in the ceRNA network, and key lncRNAs were evaluated based on several clinical outcomes.
A total of three lncRNAs, 15 miRNAs, and 138 mRNAs were identified as potential mediators in the pathophysiological processes of IBD-related CRC. Gene Ontology annotation enrichment analysis confirmed that the dysplasia process was strongly associated with immune response, response to lipopolysaccharide, and inflammatory response. Survival analysis showed that LINC01106 (HR = 1.7;
< 0.05) were strongly associated with overall survival of colorectal cancer patients. The current study identified a series of IBD-related mRNAs, miRNA, and lncRNAs, and highlighted the important role of ceRNAs in the pathogenesis of IBD-related CRC. Among them, the LINC01106-miRNA-mRNA axis was identified as vital targets for further research.
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