A cathode for high‐rate performance lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) has been developed from a crystal habit‐tuned nanoplate Li(Li0.17Ni0.25Mn0.58)O2 material, in which the proportion of (010) nanoplates ...(see figure) has been significantly increased. The results demonstrate that the fraction of the surface that is electrochemically active for Li+ transportation is a key criterion for evaluating the different nanostructures of potential LIB materials.
Recently, the worldwide pulsar timing array(PTA) collaborations, such as the Chinese Pulsar Timing Array (CPTA), the European PulsarTiming Array (EPTA), the North American Nanohertz Observatory for ...Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav) and the Parkers Pulsar Timing Array (PPTA) published the analysis of PTA data, which is consistent with the Hellings–Downs curve, thus provides evidence for the existence of stochastic gravitational wave backgrounds (SGWB). In this paper, we will show that such SGWB signal observed by PTA can be explained by the gravitational waves (GWs) induced from double-inflection-point inflationary model in the framework of supergravity with a single chiral superfield. In this model, one of the inflection points leads to a large peak in the scalar power spectrum at small scales, and when this peak re-enters the horizon, it will induce GWs with the frequencies around nanohertz. In addition, we show that the high-density regions corresponding to the peak can collapse into planet-mass primordial black holes (PBHs), thus act as a component of dark matter (DM).
We analyze the lepton flavor violating process μ−e conversion in the framework of the minimal R-symmetric supersymmetric standard model. The theoretical predictions are determined by considering the ...experimental constraint on parameter δ12 from the lepton flavor violating decay μ → eγ. The predictions for CR (μ − e, nucleus ) in nuclei are not sensitive to tan β or mA and take values in a narrow region. The numerical results show that γ penguins dominate the predictions on CR (μ − e, nucleus), and the contribution from Higgs penguins is insignificant. The Z penguins and box diagrams are less dominant in the predictions on CR (μ − e, nucleus ) in a large parameter region. For small squark mass parameter, the contribution from box diagrams is comparable with dipole contribution from γ penguins. The theoretical predictions on conversion rate CR (μ − e, nucleus ) in an Al or Ti target can be enhanced close to the future experimental sensitivities and are very promising to be observed in near future experiments.
Alloy materials such as Si and Ge are attractive as high‐capacity anodes for rechargeable batteries, but such anodes undergo severe capacity degradation during discharge–charge processes. Compared to ...the over‐emphasized efforts on the electrode structure design to mitigate the volume changes, understanding and engineering of the solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI) are significantly lacking. This work demonstrates that modifying the surface of alloy‐based anode materials by building an ultraconformal layer of Sb can significantly enhance their structural and interfacial stability during cycling. Combined experimental and theoretical studies consistently reveal that the ultraconformal Sb layer is dynamically converted to Li3Sb during cycling, which can selectively adsorb and catalytically decompose electrolyte additives to form a robust, thin, and dense LiF‐dominated SEI, and simultaneously restrain the decomposition of electrolyte solvents. Hence, the Sb‐coated porous Ge electrode delivers much higher initial Coulombic efficiency of 85% and higher reversible capacity of 1046 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles at 500 mA g−1, compared to only 72% and 170 mAh g−1 for bare porous Ge. The present finding has indicated that tailoring surface structures of electrode materials is an appealing approach to construct a robust SEI and achieve long‐term cycling stability for alloy‐based anode materials.
A simple approach to favorable solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI) design for alloy‐based anodes is proposed by surface coating of an ultraconformal Sb layer. This strategy can guide and regulate the catalytic decomposition of electrolyte components, leading to the formation of robust, thin, and dense LiF‐dominated SEI. Hence, both cycle stability and initial Coulombic efficiency of alloy‐based anodes are remarkably improved.
Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a bleeding disorder commonly encountered in clinical practice. The International Working Group (IWG) on ITP has published several landmark papers on ...terminology, definitions, outcome criteria, bleeding assessment, diagnosis, and management of ITP. The Chinese consensus reports for diagnosis and management of adult ITP have been updated to the 4th edition. Based on current consensus positions and new emerging clinical evidence, the thrombosis and hemostasis group of the Chinese Society of Hematology issued Chinese guidelines for management of adult ITP, which aim to provide evidence-based recommendations for clinical decision making.
We analyze the lepton flavor violating decays
τ
→
P
l
(
P
=
π
,
η
,
η
′
;
l
=
e
,
μ
) in the scenario of the minimal R-symmetric supersymmetric standard model. The prediction on the branching ratios ...BR
(
τ
→
P
e
)
and BR
(
τ
→
P
μ
)
is affected by the mass insertion parameters
δ
13
and
δ
23
, respectively. These parameters are constrained by the experimental bounds on the branching ratios BR(
τ
→
e
(
μ
)
γ
) and BR(
τ
→
3
e
(
μ
)
). The result shows
Z
penguin dominates the prediction on BR(
τ
→
P
l
) in a large region of the parameter space. The branching ratios for BR(
τ
→
P
l
) are predicted to be, at least, five orders of magnitude smaller than present experimental bounds and three orders of magnitude smaller than future experimental sensitivities.
Contrary to conventional Tamm plasmon (TP) absorbers of which narrow absorptance peaks will shift toward short wavelengths (blueshift) as the incident angle increases for both transverse magnetic ...(TM) and transverse electric (TE) polarizations, here we theoretically and experimentally achieve nonreciprocal absorption in a planar photonic heterostructure composed of an isotropic epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) slab and a truncated photonic crystal for TM polarization. This exotic phenomenon results from the interplay between ENZ and material loss. And the boundary condition across the ENZ interface and the confinement effect provided by the TP can enhance the absorption in the ENZ slab greatly. As a result, a strong and nonreciprocal absorptance peak is observed experimentally with a maximum absorptance value of 93% in an angle range of 60∼70°. Moreover, this TP absorber shows strong angle-independence and polarization-dependence. As the characteristics above are not at a cost of extra nanopatterning, this structure is promising to offer a practical design in narrowband thermal emitter, highly sensitive biosensing, and nonreciprocal nonlinear optical devices.
•Loureirin A attenuates IL-1β induced ECM degradation in chondrocytes.•Loureirin A regulates the NF-κB pathway via Inhibition AKT phosphorylation in IL-1β stimulated chondrocytes.•Loureirin A ...attenuates IL-1β induced Oxidative stress via activation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.•Loureirin A ameliorates the osteoarthritis in vivo.
Osteoarthritis(OA) is one of the most common diseases in orthopedics. It is characterized by degeneration of articular cartilage and chronic inflammation. In this study, we aim to elucidate the mechanism of Loureirin A’s therapeutic effect in OA progression. In vitro, Loureirin A pretreatment can significantly inhibit production of NO, PGE2, COX-2, TNF-α, iNOS andIL-6 induced by IL-1β in mouse articular chondrocytes. Moreover, Loureirin A suppressed the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9), which leads to degradation of the extracellular matrix. The degradation of aggrecan and type II collagen protein in the extracellular matrix (ECM) stimulated by IL-1β was reversed. For signal pathway research, Loureirin A dramatically inhibited the phosphorylation of AKT and subsequent NF-κB entering into the nucleus caused by IL-1β in chondrocytes. Besides, a number of related indicators suggested that Loureirin A has a strong antioxidant activity in the treatment of osteoarthritis via increasing content of SOD2 and suppressing MDA and ROS. In addition, in vivo study demonstrated that Loureirin A could ameliorated the progression of OA in mice DMM model In conclusion, all results showed that Loureirin A may be a potential therapeutic candidate for the OA.
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