This study explored the relationship between self-objectification and career aspirations among young women from the perspective of objectification theory. A sample of 439 Chinese undergraduate women ...completed questionnaires on self-objectification, self-esteem, career decision-making self-efficacy, and career aspirations. The results revealed that self-objectification was negatively correlated with self-esteem, career decision-making self-efficacy, and career aspirations. Self-esteem and career decision-making self-efficacy, both independently and serially, mediated the association between self-objectification and career aspirations. These results provide a better understanding of the negative consequences of self-objectification for career aspirations.
Research reveals significant positive associations between materialism and cosmetic surgery consideration, yet little is known about why this relationship exists. To address this question, the ...present study examined potential mediators of the links between materialism and cosmetic surgery consideration. A sample of 336 Chinese undergraduate women completed measures of materialism, self-objectification, capitalization of sexual attractiveness, and cosmetic surgery consideration. Correlational analysis showed that materialism, self-objectification, and capitalization of sexual attractiveness were significantly positively correlated with cosmetic surgery consideration. The results of path analyses revealed that higher materialism predicted more willingness to consider cosmetic surgery, both directly and indirectly via higher self-objectification and capitalization of sexual attractiveness.
Stature concerns are a prominent source of body dissatisfaction for Chinese teenagers and young adults, yet little is known about the psychological factors that account for it. Therefore, this study ...examined social cultural model and objectification theory as explanations for stature concerns in a sample of undergraduate men and women from a university in Henan, China. Given height is a salient physical attribute for Chinese adolescents and young adults, we extended past studies on objectification theory by adding separate measures for stature surveillance. Participants (231 men, 473 women) completed a questionnaire assaying measures of sociocultural model features (appearance pressure from mass media and close interpersonal networks, appearance social comparisons), objectified body consciousness (body surveillance, body shame, stature surveillance), and stature concerns. In multiple regression models for each gender, appearance pressure from the mass media and stature surveillance were robust predictors of stature concerns for both genders, independent of reported height. Body surveillance predicted stature concerns for women but not men. These findings contribute to the broader field of multicultural body image research and may help to account for specific culturally salient appearance concerns within samples of young Chinese women and men.
Biomaterials have gained increasing attention in the fabrication of a variety of flexible electronics due to their tunable solubility, robust mechanical property, multi-active binding sites, and ...excellent biocompatible and biodegradable characterization as well. Here, we review the recent progress of bio-based materials in flexible sensors, mainly describe nature biomaterials (silk fibroin, cellulose and chitin) and chemical-synthesized biomaterials as well as their applications in health monitors, biosensor, human-machine interactions (HMIs) and more, and highlight the current opportunities and challenges that lay ahead in mounting numbers of academia and industry. Furthermore, we expect this review could contribute to unveiling the potentials of developing outstanding and eco-friendly sensors with biomaterials by utilization of printing techniques.
•Nature and chemical-synthesized biomaterials have attracted increasing attention in the fields of flexible electronics and sensors.•Biomaterials-based flexible electronics and sensors have been widely studied with the potential in health monitors, flexible displays, human-machine interactions (HMIs), and artificial intelligence (AI).•Room-temperature printing opens a new way to fabricate electronics on a large scale of flexible substrates with low cost, high resolution and excellent performance.
Tissue engineering (TE) has been used as an attractive and efficient process to restore the original tissue structures and functions through the combination of biodegradable scaffolds, seeded cells, ...and biological factors. As a unique type of scaffolds, hydrogels have been frequently used for TE because of their similar 3D structures to the native extracellular matrix (ECM), as well as their tunable biochemical and biophysical properties to control cell functions such as cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, and differentiation. Various types of hydrogels have been prepared from naturally derived biomaterials, synthetic polymers, or their combination, showing their promise in TE. This review summarizes the very recent progress of hydrogels used for TE applications. The strategies for tuning biophysical and biochemical properties, and structures of hydrogels are first introduced. Their influences on cell functions and promotive effects on tissue regeneration are then highlighted.
A series of novel acid-base hybrid membranes (SPI/PEI-rGO) based on sulfonated polyimide (SPI) with polyethyleneimine-functionalized reduced graphene oxide (PEI-rGO) are prepared by a ...solution-casting method for vanadium redox flow battery (VRB). FT-IR and XPS results prove the successful fabrication of PEI-rGO and SPI/PEI-rGO hybrid membranes, which show a dense and homogeneous structure observed by SEM. The physicochemical properties such as water uptake, swelling ratio, ion exchange capacity, proton conductivity and vanadium ion permeability are well controlled by the incorporated PEI-rGO fillers. The interfacial-formed acid-base pairs between PEI-rGO and SPI matrix effectively reduce the swelling ratio and vanadium ion permeability, increasing the stability performance of the hybrid membranes. SPI/PEI-rGO-2 hybrid membrane exhibits a higher coulombic efficiency (CE, 95%) and energy efficiency (EE, 75.6%) at 40mAcm−2, as compared with Nafion 117 membrane (CE, 91% and EE, 66.8%). The self-discharge time of the VRB with SPI/PEI-rGO-2 hybrid membrane (80h) is longer than that of Nafion 117 membrane (26h), demonstrating the excellent blocking ability for vanadium ion. After 100 charge-discharge cycles, SPI/PEI-rGO-2 membrane exhibits the good stability under strong oxidizing and acid condition, proving that SPI/PEI-rGO acid-base hybrid membranes could be used as the promising candidates for VRB applications.
Highlights
Various morphological structures in pressure sensors with the resulting advanced sensing properties are reviewed comprehensively.
Relevant manufacturing techniques and intelligent ...applications of pressure sensors are summarized in a complete and interesting way.
Future challenges and perspectives of flexible pressure sensors are critically discussed.
As an indispensable branch of wearable electronics, flexible pressure sensors are gaining tremendous attention due to their extensive applications in health monitoring, human –machine interaction, artificial intelligence, the internet of things, and other fields. In recent years, highly flexible and wearable pressure sensors have been developed using various materials/structures and transduction mechanisms. Morphological engineering of sensing materials at the nanometer and micrometer scales is crucial to obtaining superior sensor performance. This review focuses on the rapid development of morphological engineering technologies for flexible pressure sensors. We discuss different architectures and morphological designs of sensing materials to achieve high performance, including high sensitivity, broad working range, stable sensing, low hysteresis, high transparency, and directional or selective sensing. Additionally, the general fabrication techniques are summarized, including self-assembly, patterning, and auxiliary synthesis methods. Furthermore, we present the emerging applications of high-performing microengineered pressure sensors in healthcare, smart homes, digital sports, security monitoring, and machine learning-enabled computational sensing platform. Finally, the potential challenges and prospects for the future developments of pressure sensors are discussed comprehensively.
Neuromorphic computing memristors are attractive to construct low-power- consumption electronic textiles due to the intrinsic interwoven architecture and promising applications in wearable ...electronics. Developing reconfigurable fiber-based memristors is an efficient method to realize electronic textiles that capable of neuromorphic computing function. However, the previously reported artificial synapse and neuron need different materials and configurations, making it difficult to realize multiple functions in a single device. Herein, a textile memristor network of Ag/MoS
/HfAlO
/carbon nanotube with reconfigurable characteristics was reported, which can achieve both nonvolatile synaptic plasticity and volatile neuron functions. In addition, a single reconfigurable memristor can realize integrate-and-fire function, exhibiting significant advantages in reducing the complexity of neuron circuits. The firing energy consumption of fiber-based memristive neuron is 1.9 fJ/spike (femtojoule-level), which is at least three orders of magnitude lower than that of the reported biological and artificial neuron (picojoule-level). The ultralow energy consumption makes it possible to create an electronic neural network that reduces the energy consumption compared to human brain. By integrating the reconfigurable synapse, neuron and heating resistor, a smart textile system is successfully constructed for warm fabric application, providing a unique functional reconfiguration pathway toward the next-generation in-memory computing textile system.
Surface contamination layer mainly containing Fe, Ti and O with a thickness of ~20 μm was induced on AA 7150 surface during ultrasonic shot peening (USSP) treatment. The contaminated layer and its ...exfoliation evolution in solution containing HCl was investigated using immersion test, electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS), scanning kelvin probe force microscopy (SKPFM), SEM with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, XRD and TEM. USSPed AA 7150 with contamination layer showed ~3 times higher corrosion rate than that of controlled sample. However, after the exfoliation of the contamination layer, the corrosion rate of USSPed alloy actually is lower than that of its untreated counterpart. Additionally, as revealed by SKPFM, surface contamination layer is cathodic relative to the substrate, indicating that surface contamination layer is detrimental for the substrate alloy when galvanic corrosion occurs. Nonetheless, it should be noted that even in the presence of contamination layer, the localized corrosion resistance of peened alloy was greatly improved, which might be due to surface nanocrystallization, disappearance of rolled 〈220〉 texture and residual compressive stress effects caused by USSP.
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•Development of nanocrystalline structure on AA7150 by USSP.•Development of surface contamination layer with ~20 μm in thickness.•The process of dynamic exfoliation of the surface contamination layer observed.•Corrosion rate was increased by ~3 times due to surface contamination layer.•Localized corrosion resistance was greatly enhanced even in the presence of contamination layer.
•The performance of biopolymers can be modified via molecular engineering.•Modified biopolymers are promising for advanced functional electronics.•Biopolymers are featured in low-cost, eco-friendly ...and large-scale fabrication.•Future challenges and developments of electronic biopolymers are proposed.
Biopolymers with excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, and multiple active sites have been widely used in biomedical fields. Currently, the unique electronic properties of biopolymers have been continuously exploited for designing wearable, implantable and biodegradable electronics. In the view of molecular engineering including molecular design and assembly and structural modification, this review provides a comprehensive overview of advanced biopolymers related to energy, sensors, displays and bionic devices, and indicates the important roles of structural modification on tuning device performance. In addition, representative printing technologies are discussed to highlight their features in low-cost, eco-friendly and scalable-up fabrication of biopolymer electronics. Furthermore, the current challenges and future opportunities are prospected to point out how electronic biopolymers will be modified or developed for next-generation flexible and wearable bioelectronics.
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