The towing stability of the towed body has an important impact on the data collection quality of the mounted sensors. In this paper, a novel deep-sea towed body control technology based on adjustable ...hydrofoils is proposed, and a hydrodynamic performance optimization and adjustment prediction strategy is established. Through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation, the effectiveness of the adjustable hydrofoils in improving the towing stability of the towed body is verified, and the hydrodynamic mechanism of the adjustable hydrofoils is analyzed. The influence weight and influence law of the hydrofoil structural parameters on adjusted variables are determined by sensitivity analysis and main effect analysis, and the hydrodynamic performance optimization of the adjustable hydrofoil is completed based on the fast elitist Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm III (NSGA-III). A bidirectional Gaussian Process (GP) prediction model with respect to the angle of attack of hydrofoils and adjusted variables is established. The prediction model shows high prediction accuracy and strong generalizability, with the prediction error within 4%. The effectiveness of the novel towed body control technology is verified through sea trials. This paper provides reference and guidance for the development and engineering application of the towed body control technology.
•A novel deep-sea towed body control technology based on adjustable hydrofoils is proposed. The effectiveness of the adjustable hydrofoils in improving the towing stability of the towed body is verified, and the hydrodynamic mechanism is revealed, greatly improving the adjustment ability in pitch attitude and towing depth of the underwater towed system.•Through sensitivity analysis and main effect analysis, the influence weight and influence law of design variables on the optimization objectives are determined. The hydrodynamic performance of the adjustable hydrofoil is optimized based on genetic algorithm, and the results can be used to guide the initial design and subsequent optimization of the towed body with the adjustable hydrofoils.•Based on the established GP (Gaussian Process) prediction model, the bidirectional prediction between the angle of attack of the hydrofoil and the target adjusted variables of the towed body can be realized, greatly improving the intelligence of the towed body in the actual operation process.
Purpose
Analyzing sleep quality and sleep structure in patients with patent foramen ovale (PFO) complicated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and the interaction between OSA and PFO in sleep.
...Methods
We compared patients with PFO complicated with OSA, patients with simple PFO, and controls. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to compare sleep quality and polysomnography was used to compare sleep structure of the three groups.
Results
Compared with the control group (
n
= 62), PFO with OSA (
n
= 48) and simple PFO (
n
= 61) groups had more frequent occurrence of poor sleep quality (
χ
2
= 89.901;
p
< 0.001). These two groups also showed decreased sleep efficiency (
p
< 0.010), lower percentages of REM sleep, and reduced N3 sleep (
p
< 0.050). The N2 sleep was prolonged (
p
< 0.010). The nocturnal lowest SpO
2
was lower and the oxygen desaturation index was higher (
p
< 0.50). Compared with the simple PFO group, the poor sleep quality was more frequent in the PFO with OSA group; sleep latency (
p
< 0.001) was prolonged; wake after sleep onset (
p
< 0.001) and arousal times (
p
= 0.031) were increased; and sleep micro-arousal index (
p
= 0.037), periodic leg movement index (
p
= 0.024), and apnea hypopnea index (
p
< 0.001) were higher in the PFO with OSA group.
Conclusion
Patients with PFO and OSA have poor sleep quality with changes in sleep stage and high occurrence rate of sleep disorders. OSA further deteriorates sleep quality and alters sleep structure in patients with PFO.
A kind of new carbon-based material called cup-stacked carbon nanotubes decorated by Pt atom (CSCNTs-Pt) is analyzed to hydrogen adsorption by density functional theory (DFT). The electron density ...difference, partial density of states, and electrostatic potential are used to display hydrogen adsorption behaviors on CSCNTs-Pt substrate. The optimization results show that only one hydrogen molecule can be chemically adsorbed by the polarization effect of Pt and the others are physically lateralized by Kubas interaction where HH bond lengths of adsorbed hydrogen molecules are increased. Moreover, the hydrogen molecule near the end of the cone axis is hard to chemisorption due to curvature. Compared with planar graphene, single-wall carbon nanotubes, and nanocones, up to eight hydrogen molecules can be accommodated under the substrate because the ninth hydrogen molecule breaks original adsorption stability. With the increase of hydrogen molecules from one to eight, Pt electron transfer is promoted with enhanced orbital hybridization.
Display omitted
•The Multiple H2 adsorption behavior on CSCNTs decorated by Pt atoms is studied.•The CGL-Pt substrate can adsorb up to eight hydrogen molecules, and HH bond of all molecules are stretched.•Only one hydrogen molecule is adsorbed by polarization, while others by Kubas coordination.•The chemisorbed hydrogen molecule on the CGL-Pt substrate is separated into two hydrogen atoms.•An increase in Hydrogen molecule numbers exacerbates Pt electron transfer.
In view of the dynamics of the dam safety monitoring data, the sensitivity to time and space, and the nonlinearity, it has been proposed to use the firefly algorithm to search to determine the delay ...order and the number of hidden layer units and combine them with nonlinear autoregressive algorithms. The algorithms are combined to obtain the FA-NAR algorithm dam deformation prediction model, which is compared with the traditional BP algorithm prediction results, combined with the Xiaolangdi dam deformation monitoring data for prediction, and the dam deformation data predicted by the dynamic neural network have a better convergence effect and a more accurate prediction result. It provides a certain reference basis for perfecting dam safety monitoring.
The simulation of the early-time High-altitude Electromagnetic Pulse （HEMP） environment （El） with bicone-cage antenna in free space requires utilization of the spherical wave to reproduce the ...boundless plane wave. The transient radiation of the antenna above the lossy ground is computed using the Finite-Difference Time-Domain （FDTD） method The determining factors of the field waveform are explored and analysed on the basis of the physical evolution process of the transient radiation. The typical waveform of the electric field and the field distribution characteristics, both of which are important for HEMP simulator design and the effect tests, are presented. The study indicates that the simulation should be analysed from the perspective of both environment building and simulator applications.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant primary liver cancer with poor prognosis. Most previous studies on anti-HCC effects of traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) have focused on the mechanism ...of direct action and few researchers considered that TCM can inhibit tumor progression and improve prognosis of HCC patients through regulating tumor microenvironment (TME). In this study, network pharmacology combined bioinformatics methods were employed to analysis mechanism of Bombyx batryticatus (B. batryticatus, one of the most frequently used traditional Chinese animal medicines, has been used in some Asian countries for centuries as an anticancer agent, anti-inflammatory agent, and antioxidant.) in regulating TME of HCC. The results showed that 24 core targets and 2 compounds were identified from overlapping between differential expression genes related to HCC in the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) database and targets of B. batryticatus in TCMSP database. For further analyzing the role of TME heterogeneity of HCC on anti-HCC mechanism of B. batryticatus, the correlation of core targets related with overall survival of HCC with TME cells in hepatitis C or hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (VIR) and non-hepatitis C or hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (NVIR) were calculated, respectively. The results showed that AKR1C3, SPP1 were significantly related with macrophages in VIR and other targets including NR1I2, CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 were significantly associated with macrophages in NVIR; the target protein AKR1C3 was significantly negative correlated with macrophages M1 in VIR (cor=–0.35, P-value<0.001) and the correlation between AKR1C3 and macrophages M1 was poor in NVIR group (cor = 0.064, P-value = 0.36). Additionally, survival curve of AKR1C3 showed that poor prognosis in VIR group can be related to high level of AKR1C3 (HR = 2.32, 95 % CI: 1.18–4.56, P-value = 0.012), and no signified gene can be found in NVIR group (P-value>0.05). In conclusion, the molecular mechanism of anti-HCC of B. batryticatus can be related to the tumor microenvironment to some extent. B. batryticatus may exert its anti-cancer effects and improve prognosis of patients by regulating macrophages M1 in VIR and NVIR through acting on different targets.
Abstract
Aberrant dynamic switches between internal brain states are believed to underlie motor dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease. Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus is a ...well-established treatment for the motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease, yet it remains poorly understood how subthalamic stimulation modulates the whole-brain intrinsic motor network state dynamics.
To investigate this, we acquired resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging time-series data from 27 medication-free patients with Parkinson’s disease (mean age: 64.8 years, standard deviation: 7.6) who had deep brain stimulation electrodes implanted in the subthalamic nucleus, in both on and off stimulation states. Sixteen matched healthy individuals were included as a control group. We adopted a powerful data-driven modelling approach, known as a hidden Markov model, to disclose the emergence of recurring activation patterns of interacting motor regions (whole-brain intrinsic motor network states) via the blood oxygen level-dependent signal detected in the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging time-series data from all participants. The estimated hidden Markov model disclosed the dynamics of distinct whole-brain motor network states, including frequency of occurrence, state duration, fractional coverage and their transition probabilities.
Notably, the data-driven decoding of whole-brain intrinsic motor network states revealed that subthalamic stimulation reshaped functional network expression and stabilized state transitions. Moreover, subthalamic stimulation improved motor symptoms by modulating key trajectories of state transition within whole-brain intrinsic motor network states. This modulation mechanism of subthalamic stimulation was manifested in three significant effects: recovery, relieving and remodelling effects. Significantly, recovery effects correlated with improvements in tremor and posture symptoms induced by subthalamic stimulation (P < 0.05). Furthermore, subthalamic stimulation was found to restore a relatively low level of fluctuation of functional connectivity in all motor regions to a level closer to that of healthy participants. Also, changes in the fluctuation of functional connectivity between motor regions were associated with improvements in tremor and gait symptoms (P < 0.05).
These findings fill a gap in our knowledge of the role of subthalamic stimulation at the level of neural activity, revealing the regulatory effects of subthalamic stimulation on whole-brain inherent motor network states in Parkinson’s disease. Our results provide mechanistic insight and explanation for how subthalamic stimulation modulates motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease.
Using an unsupervised model based on functional MRI, Chu et al. identify three specific subthalamic stimulation-induced neural activity patterns in Parkinson’s disease: recovering, relieving and remodelling the dynamics of intrinsic motor network states. The changes are associated with clinical improvement.
Objective:
Coxiella burnetii
and
Coxiella
-like endosymbionts (CLEs) have been widely discovered in various ticks, animals, and even human beings. To estimate the possible origin of
C. burnetii
and ...its relatives CLEs, the prevalence of
C. burnetii
and CLEs has been intensively surveyed all over the world.
Method:
In the present study, the possible infection of
C. burnetii
and CLEs in host-seeking
Haemaphysalis concinna
was performed with meta-transcript analysis with tick specimens harvested from Mudanjiang City, Heilongjiang province, China. The meta-transcript results were subsequently confirmed by the specific sequence of partial 16S rRNA.
Results:
A total of three arrays of gene transcripts were harvested, including pyrophosphate-fructose 6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase-
eda
-thiol-disulfide isomerase and thioredoxin-
greA
,
carB
-
carA-DnaJ-DnaK-grpE-ppnk
,
ropC-ropB
, and
ubiA-
non-canonical purine NTP pyrophosphatase-
hemK-prfA
, which suggest the infection of
Candidatus
Coxiella mudorwiae in
H. concinna
. The high identity of the 16S rRNA gene of
Candidatus
C. mudorwiae achieved in our study strongly supports our meta-transcripts analysis.
Conclusion:
The prevalence of
Candidatus
C. mudorwiae in hard ticks has been discovered in China. More detailed surveys are imperative to clarify the emergence of CLEs and their implication in the epidemiologic characteristics of Q fever.
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