The STAR Forward GEM Tracker Surrow, B.
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
05/2010, Volume:
617, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
The STAR collaboration is preparing a forward tracking detector upgrade, the Forward GEM Tracker (FGT), to provide fundamental studies of the proton spin structure and dynamics in high-energy ...polarized proton–proton collisions at RHIC at BNL. The FGT is based on triple-GEM technology employing the industrial production of GEM foils by Tech-Etch Inc. and a laser-etched two-dimensional readout board manufactured by Compunetics Inc. The FGT project has completed an extensive R&D program of industrially produced GEM foils at Tech-Etch Inc. in comparison to GEM foils produced at CERN based on optical measurements and
55Fe source and testbeam measurements of a triple-GEM prototype detector using
10
×
10
cm
2
GEM foils. The FGT project requires large GEM foils which are currently being tested.
A new measurement of inclusive-jet cross sections in the Breit frame in neutral current deep inelastic scattering using the ZEUS detector at the HERA collider is presented. The data were taken in the ...years 2004–2007 at a centre-of-mass energy of
318
GeV
and correspond to an integrated luminosity of
347
pb
-
1
. The jets were reconstructed using the
k
t
-algorithm in the Breit reference frame. They have been measured as a function of the squared momentum transfer,
Q
2
, and the transverse momentum of the jets in the Breit frame,
p
⊥
,
Breit
. The measured jet cross sections are compared to previous measurements and to perturbative QCD predictions. The measurement has been used in a next-to-next-to-leading-order QCD analysis to perform a simultaneous determination of parton distribution functions of the proton and the strong coupling, resulting in a value of
α
s
(
M
Z
2
)
=
0.1142
±
0.0017
(experimental/fit)
-
0.0007
+
0.0006
(model/parameterisation)
-
0.0004
+
0.0006
(scale)
, whose accuracy is improved compared to similar measurements. In addition, the running of the strong coupling is demonstrated using data obtained at different scales.
ATHENA at the Electron-Ion Collider Dalla Torre, S.; Surrow, B.
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
01/2023, Volume:
1046
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
ATHENA has been designed as a general purpose detector capable of delivering the full scientific scope of the Electron-Ion Collider. Careful technology choices provide fine tracking and momentum ...resolution, high performance electromagnetic and hadronic calorimetry, hadron identification over a wide kinematic range, and near-complete hermeticity.
The detector design and its expected performance in the most relevant physics channels are reported.
With interest in large area GEM foils increasing and CERN being the only main distributor, keeping up with the demand for GEM foils will be difficult. Thus the commercialization of GEMs is being ...established by Tech-Etch of Plymouth, MA, USA using single-mask techniques. We report here on the first of a two step quality verification of the commercially produced 10×10cm2 and 40×40cm2 GEM foils, which includes characterizing their electrical and geometrical properties. We have found that the Tech-Etch foils display excellent electrical properties, as well as uniform and consistent hole diameters comparable to established foils produced by CERN.
The STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) is carrying out a spin physics program colliding transverse or longitudinal polarized proton ...beams at s√ 200 − 500 GeV to gain a deeper insight into the spin structure and dynamics of the proton. These studies provide fundamental tests of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). One of the main objectives of the STAR spin physics program is the determination of the polarized gluon distribution function through a measurement of the longitudinal double-spin asymmetry, ALL, for various processes. Recent results will be shown on the measurement of ALL for inclusive jet production, neutral pion production and charged pion production at s√ 200 GeV.
The Breit-Wheeler process which produces matter and antimatter from photon collisions is experimentally investigated through the observation of 6085 exclusive electron-positron pairs in ...ultraperipheral Au + Au collisions at √sNN = 200 GeV . The measurements reveal a large fourth-order angular modulation of cos 4 Δ ϕ = ( 16.8 ± 2.5 ) % and smooth invariant mass distribution absent of vector mesons ( ϕ , ω , and ρ ) at the experimental limit of ≤ 0.2 % of the observed yields. The differential cross section as a function of e+ e− pair transverse momentum P⊥ peaks at low value with √⟨P⊥2 ⟩ = 38.1 ± 0.9 MeV and displays a significant centrality dependence. These features are consistent with QED calculations for the collision of linearly polarized photons quantized from the extremely strong electromagnetic fields generated by the highly charged Au nuclei at ultrarelativistic speed. The experimental results have implications for vacuum birefringence and for mapping the magnetic field which is important for emergent QCD phenomena.
Nonmonotonic variation with collision energy (sqrts_{NN}) of the moments of the net-baryon number distribution in heavy-ion collisions, related to the correlation length and the susceptibilities of ...the system, is suggested as a signature for the quantum chromodynamics critical point. We report the first evidence of a nonmonotonic variation in the kurtosis times variance of the net-proton number (proxy for net-baryon number) distribution as a function of sqrts_{NN} with 3.1 σ significance for head-on (central) gold-on-gold (Au+Au) collisions measured solenoidal tracker at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. Data in noncentral Au+Au collisions and models of heavy-ion collisions without a critical point show a monotonic variation as a function of sqrts_{NN}.
The planned tracking upgrade of the STAR experiment at RHIC includes a large-area GEM tracker used to determine the charge sign of electrons and positrons produced from W +(-) decays. For such a ...large-scale project commercial availability of GEM foils is necessary. We report first results obtained with a triple GEM detector using GEM foils produced by Tech-Etch Inc. of Plymouth, MA. Measurements of gain uniformity, long-term stability as well as measurements of the energy resolution for X-rays are compared to results obtained with an identical detector using GEM foils produced at CERN. A quality assurance procedure based on optical tests using an automated high-resolution scanner has been established, allowing a study of the correlation of the observed behavior of the detector and the geometrical properties of the GEM foils. Detectors based on Tech-Etch and CERN produced foils both show good uniformity of the gain over the active area and stable gain after an initial charge-up period, making them well suited for precision tracking applications.
Global polarization of Ξ and Ω hyperons has been measured for the first time in Au + Au collisions at √sNN = 200 GeV. The measurements of the Ξ− and ... hyperon polarization have been performed by ...two independent methods, via analysis of the angular distribution of the daughter particles in the parity violating weak decay Ξ → Λ + π, as well as by measuring the polarization of the daughter Λ hyperon, polarized via polarization transfer from its parent. The polarization, obtained by combining the results from the two methods and averaged over Ξ− and ... is measured to be ⟨PΞ⟩ = 0.47 ± 0.10(stat) ± 0.23(syst)% for the collision centrality 20%–80%. The ⟨PΞ⟩ is found to be slightly larger than the inclusive Λ polarization and in reasonable agreement with a multiphase transport model. The ⟨PΞ⟩ is found to follow the centrality dependence of the vorticity predicted in the model, increasing toward more peripheral collisions. The global polarization of Ω, ⟨PΩ⟩ = 1.11 ± 0.87(stat) ± 1.97(syst)% was obtained by measuring the polarization of daughter Λ in the decay Ω → Λ + K, assuming the polarization transfer factor CΩΛ = 1.
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