From the methanol extract of the Vietnamese marine sponge Rhabdastrella globostellata (Carter, 1883), four diketopiperazines (1‐4) and one indol alkaloid (5) were isolated by various chromatographic ...methods. Their chemical structures were identified to be cyclo‐(L‐Pro‐L‐Ile) (1), cyclo‐(L‐Pro‐L‐Leu) (2), cyclo‐(D‐Pro‐L‐Ile) (3), cyclo‐(L‐Pro‐L‐Phe) (4), and tryptophol (5) by using a combination of ESI‐MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectral data as well as by comparison with previous literature. This is the first report of these compounds from Rhabdastrella globostellata.
Display omitted
•Three new pregnane glycosides have been isolated from Gymnema sylvestre.•Gymnepregosides F and R-T showed the inhibitory effect with BSA-MGO.•Gymnepregosides R and S showed potent ...inhibitory effect with MGO-AGE-protein.
Gymnema sylvestre is known for its potent antidiabetic activity. Phytochemical investigations of this plant led to the isolation of three new pregnane glycosides, gymnepregosides R-T (1-3) and four known analogues, 12β-acetyloxy-3β,8β,14β,17β-tetrahydroxypregn-5-en-20-one 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-6-deoxy-3-O-methyl-β-d-allopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-d-oleandropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-d-cymaropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-d-cymaropyranoside (4), 12-O-(E)-cinnamoylgymnepregoside F (5), gymnepregoside F (6), and stephanoside I (7). Their structures were identified based on spectroscopic evidence and compared with those reported in the literature. All compounds were evaluated for antiglycative inhibitory activity. Compounds 1, 3, 5, and 6 showed the inhibitory effect on BSA-MGO formation ranging from 6.0 to 8.8 % at the concentrations of 400 μM. Compounds 1 and 2 showed significant breaking properties on MGO-AGE-protein crosslink with percent modification ranging from 54.6 to 58.4 %. Notably, a novel AGEs inhibitor (1) may inhibit the formation and accumulation of MGO-AGEs and protect cells from MGO-AGEs cross-linking damage.
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of Pro-A (a mixture of Bacillus subtilis, B. licheniformis, B. pumilus) on the growth performance, feed utilization, immune responses, and ...intestinal microbiota of whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). The experiment was conducted with four iso-nitrogenous (45.4% crude protein) and iso-caloric (19.9 KJ g−1) diets supplemented with different levels (0%, 0.05%, 0.1%, and 0.2%) of Pro-A. Whiteleg shrimp (n = 1400, average body weight: 0.45 g) were randomly assigned to 500-L composite tanks (filled with 400 L of brackish water) at a stocking rate of 70 shrimp tank−1 for 10 weeks. There were five replicates per dietary treatment. The results showed that the diet containing 0.1% Pro-A significantly increased the growth, protein efficiency ratio, feed conversion ratio, and survival rate compared to the control. Diets containing 0.05% and 0.1% Pro-A significantly increased the digestive enzymes compared to the control. Furthermore, diet containing 0.1% Pro-A significantly improved hematological and immune profiles. The total vibrio count was lowest in the diet supplemented with 0.1% of Pro-A, accordingly, the bacterial clearance efficiency was higher in this diet. The whiteleg shrimp fed the Pro-A diets (at 0.05%, 0.1%, and 0.2%) had lower cumulative mortality than the control after being challenged with Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Our results suggest that dietary supplementation with 0.1% Pro-A is the most effective in improving the performance and immunity of whiteleg shrimp; however, this should be confirmed in a further study under full-scale commercial trials.
•Pro-A supplemental diet promoted the growth performance improvement of whiteleg shrimp.•Pro-A supplemental diet reduced feed conversion ratio of whiteleg shrimp.•Pro-A supplemental diet enhanced the non-specific immune defence system of whiteleg shrimp, resistance to V. parahaemolyticus.
Recent surveys have shown that the energy consumption in a data center considerably contributes to its operation costs. A remarkable part of the large energy volume consumed in data centers today is ...due to the over-provisioning of such network resources as switches, links, and servers to meet the stringent requirements on reliability. Therefore performance and energy issues are important factors for the design of large multi-tier data centers that can support multiple services. However, the design, analysis, and experiments of such a large and complex system often suffer from the lack of appropriate experimental infrastructures. In this paper, we firstly propose a new energy saving scheme that combines smart sleeping and power scaling algorithms. An energy analysis model is then proposed to calculate the energy saving bounds in case of low and high traffic utilization. We also present a platform for in-depth analysis of energy-aware data center networks, which is a combination of hardware testbed and emulation. Based on OpenFlow technology, the experimental platform is designed to capture details of energy consumed by all network components such as links, ports, and switches under different scenarios. Analytical and emulation results show that the combined algorithm improves the energy saving under the varied traffic utilization.
Abstract
The development of electric motorcycles depends on the motorcycle usage rate in each country, which is crucial in forming sustainable urban development. In this study, we investigated ...determinants of using e-motorcycles among students in Hanoi, Vietnam. Students are the research subject due to their critical role in shaping future travel patterns. The used data were collected by surveying 290 students from three universities. We found that the prevalence of adopting electric motorcycles among students is 11%. The results of binary logit regression show that female students in Hanoi living within distances between home and school from 3 to 5 km are more inclined to utilize electric motorcycles. The perception of usefulness and environmental concern are facilitators of the adoption. However, perceived ease of use is not a significant predictor. This study plays a role as an exploratory analysis of the actual use of electric motorcycles. However, in order to have a better understanding of the motives behind the choice of electric vehicles for students and other population segments, more research in different settings is needed.
Renal cell carcinoma poses significant challenges in kidney diseases, particularly in the context of the T3 stage, where treatment strategies remain controversial. The utilization of laparoscopic ...partial nephrectomy, particularly in developing countries, has been restricted for such patients, primarily due to limited infrastructure and concerns about recurrence risk and long-term pathologic outcomes.
In this report, we present a case of a 64-year-old male diagnosed with T3aN0M0 renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Abdominal computed tomography revealed a 5.2 × 5.2 × 5.1 cm mass on the right upper part of the kidney with a possible thrombus in the superior renal polar vein. The patient underwent successful treatment with retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN), leading to the preservation of kidney function with <4 mL/min/1.73 m2 GFR reduced after one year postoperative (estimated GFR from 85 mL/min/1.73 m2 to 81.79 mL/min/1.73 m2). The patient was discharged after three days; no recurrence was observed during the follow-up.
For stage T3a RCC, studies show that LPN induces comparable long-term outcomes to radical nephrectomy, with advantages such as preserved kidney function, reduced operative time, blood loss, and shorter hospital stays. However, due to infrastructure constraints and limited access to robotic-assisted surgery in our country, coupled with concerns about tumor recurrence, laparoscopic radical nephrectomy is predominantly employed for similar patients. Our case represents one of the very first cases in which we successfully treated a patient diagnosed with T3a RCC using retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy.
Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy is a reliable choice for T3aN0M0 RCC with good long-term outcomes and preserved renal function, especially by the hands of an experienced laparoscopic surgeon.
•Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy is a reliable treatment choice for T3aN0M0 renal cell carcinoma.•Retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy offered the advantages of less operative time, and a shorter hospital stay.•This case is one of the first reports of using this technique to treat T3a renal cell carcinoma in Vietnam.
PDF
