Introduction: Respiratory infections, collectively, are one of the World's most common and serious illness groups. As recent observations have shown, the most severe courses of acute respiratory ...infection, often leading to death, are due to uncontrolled cytokine production (hypercytokinemia). Methods: The study involved 364 patients with respiratory illness being treated in clinics in St. Petersburg (Russia) in 2018-2019 and 30 healthy controls. Cytokine analysis was carried out in the acute phase of illness (2-3 days from onset of initial symptoms) and in the stage of recovery (days 9-10). The research presented is devoted to the assessment of mRNA expression of specific cytokines (interleukin IL-1b, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-18, tumor necrosis factor-α TNF-α, and interferon-λ) and MxA in whole blood leukocytes, by means of real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: In 70% of patients, bacterial or viral pathogens were identified, with influenza viral infections (types A and B) prevailing. Significant increases in the expression of IL-18, TNF, and IL-10 were observed, relative to controls, only with influenza viral infections. We have shown a difference in IL-6 mRNA expression in patients with bacterial or viral pathogens. No statistically significant difference was found in white blood cells IL-4 expression levels between patients and healthy controls. Conclusion: Investigation of the nuances of systemic cytokine production, in response to specific viral and bacterial pathogens, makes it possible to assess the risks of developing hypercytokinemia during respiratory infection with agents circulating in the human population and to predict the pathogenicity and virulence of circulating threats.
Lipids from Roots of Cnidium dauricum Taraskina, A. S.; Dylenova, E. P.; Emelyanova, E. A. ...
Chemistry of natural compounds,
03/2023, Volume:
59, Issue:
2
Journal Article
Fatty-Acid Composition of Sagittaria natans Zhigzhitzhapova, S. V.; Dylenova, E. P.; Nikitina, E. P. ...
Chemistry of natural compounds,
09/2022, Volume:
58, Issue:
5
Journal Article
This paper presents the results of the study of the composition of the essential oil (EO) of
by the GC/MS method as well as its antimicrobial and antiradical activities. According to the ...PCA-analysis, these EOs can be conditionally divided into "Tajik" and "Buryat-Mongol" chemotypes. The first chemotype is characterized by the prevalence of
- and
-thujone, and the second chemotype by the prevalence of 4-phenyl-2-butanone, camphor. The greatest antimicrobial activity of
EO was observed against Gram-positive bacteria and fungi. The EO showed high antiradical activity with an IC
value of 17.55 μL/mL. The presented first data on the composition and activity of the EO of
of the Russian flora indicate the prospects of the species as a raw material for the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry.
Plants of arid regions have adapted to harsh environments during the long span of their evolution and have developed a set of features necessary for their survival in water-limited conditions. ...Artemisia frigida Willd. (Asteraceae) is a widely distributed species possessing significant cenotic value in steppe ecosystems due to its high frequency and abundance. This study examines different patterns of formation of essential oil composition in A. frigida plants under the influence of heterogeneous factors, including climate and its integral characteristics (HTC, Cextr, SPEI and others). The work is based on the results of our research conducted in Russia (Republic of Buryatia, Irkutsk region), Mongolia, and China, from 1998 to 2021. A total of 32 constant compounds have been identified in the essential oil of A. frigida throughout its habitat range in Eurasia, from Kazakhstan to Qinghai Province, China. Among them, camphor, 1,8-cineol and bornyl acetate are the dominant components, contained in 93–95% of the samples. Among the sesquiterpenoids, germacrene D is the dominant component in 67% of the samples. The largest variability within the composition of the essential oils of A. frigida is associated with significant differences in the climatic parameters when plants grow in high-altitude and extrazonal conditions.
Using a network representation for real soil samples and mathematical models for microbial spread, we show that the structural heterogeneity of the soil habitat may have a very significant influence ...on the size of microbial invasions of the soil pore space. In particular, neglecting the soil structural heterogeneity may lead to a substantial underestimation of microbial invasion. Such effects are explained in terms of a crucial interplay between heterogeneity in microbial spread and heterogeneity in the topology of soil networks. The main influence of network topology on invasion is linked to the existence of long channels in soil networks that may act as bridges for transmission of microorganisms between distant parts of soil.
The Selenga River provides about half of the water and chemical runoff into Lake Baikal and plays an important role in the sustainability of the ecosystem of this large natural freshwater lake. ...Phthalate esters (PAEs) are organic compounds that can disrupt reproductive and endocrine systems. This study focused on investigating the distribution of six priority phthalates in the Selenga River and its delta utilizing SPE-GC/MS. The study found that the highest levels of Σ6PAE were observed during the high-water years, 2021 and 2023, and were evenly distributed along the river from the sampling sites upstream of Ulan-Ude to the delta channels. In contrast, the mean annual Σ6PAE content was relatively low in the low water period of 2022. Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) are the two dominant phthalates found in the surface waters of the Selenga River and delta channels. In 2021, the average total concentration of six phthalates (Σ6PAE) ranged from 8.84 to 25.19 µg/L, while in 2022 it ranged from 0.45 to 4.01 µg/L, and in 2023 it ranged from 5.40 to 21.08 µg/L. The maximum level for the sum of phthalates was 61.64 µg/L in 2021, 13.57 µg/L in 2022, and 30.19 µg/L in 2023. The wastewater treatment facilities in Ulan-Ude were identified as a stable local source of phthalates. In some cases, PAE concentrations exceeded maximum allowable concentrations, particularly for DEHP. This could have adverse effects on aquatic organisms.
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