Recommandations: Les donnees probantes existantes issues de la documentation sur la NaE etaient de faible qualite. Pour elaborer nos recommandations, nous avons incorpore des donnees probantes tirees ...de la documentation scientifique et de la litterature grise, ainsi que l'expertise de la communaute. Nos recommandations portent sur 3 volets: les voies d'administration de la naloxone, le contenu des trousses de NaE et les interventions en cas de situations de surdose. Les trousses distribuees par les programmes de naloxone a emporter doivent offrir le choix entre les preparations intramusculaire et intranasale. Le contenu recommande de la trousse comprend la naloxone, un dispositif d'administration de la naloxone, un equipement de protection individuelle, des instructions et un etui de transport. Les intervenants et intervenantes communautaires formes a la reponse aux surdoses doivent prioriser la respiration artificielle en cas de depression respiratoire, et la reanimation cardiorespiratoire (RCR) conventionnelle en cas d'arret cardiaque, entre autres interventions.
An essential tension can be found between researchers interested in ecological validity and those concerned with maintaining experimental control. Research in the human neurosciences often involves ...the use of simple and static stimuli lacking many of the potentially important aspects of real world activities and interactions. While this research is valuable, there is a growing interest in the human neurosciences to use cues about target states in the real world via multimodal scenarios that involve visual, semantic, and prosodic information. These scenarios should include dynamic stimuli presented concurrently or serially in a manner that allows researchers to assess the integrative processes carried out by perceivers over time. Furthermore, there is growing interest in contextually embedded stimuli that can constrain participant interpretations of cues about a target's internal states. Virtual reality environments proffer assessment paradigms that combine the experimental control of laboratory measures with emotionally engaging background narratives to enhance affective experience and social interactions. The present review highlights the potential of virtual reality environments for enhanced ecological validity in the clinical, affective, and social neurosciences.
Using a novel iterative structure factor retrieval algorithm, here I show that electron density can be directly calculated from solution scattering data without modeling. The algorithm was validated ...with experimental data from 12 different biological macromolecules. This approach avoids many of the assumptions limiting the resolution and accuracy of modeling algorithms by explicitly calculating electron density. This algorithm can be applied to a wide variety of molecular systems.
Actin and Actin-Binding Proteins Pollard, Thomas D
Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology,
08/2016, Volume:
8, Issue:
8
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Organisms from all domains of life depend on filaments of the protein actin to provide structure and to support internal movements. Many eukaryotic cells use forces produced by actin polymerization ...for their motility, and myosin motor proteins use ATP hydrolysis to produce force on actin filaments. Actin polymerizes spontaneously, followed by hydrolysis of a bound adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Dissociation of the γ-phosphate prepares the polymer for disassembly. This review provides an overview of the properties of actin and shows how dozens of proteins control both the assembly and disassembly of actin filaments. These players catalyze nucleotide exchange on actin monomers, initiate polymerization, promote phosphate dissociation, cap the ends of polymers, cross-link filaments to each other and other cellular components, and sever filaments.
We present an overview of recent static and time-resolved vibrational spectroscopic studies of liquid water from ambient conditions to the supercooled state, as well as of crystalline and amorphous ...ice forms. The structure and dynamics of the complex hydrogen-bond network formed by water molecules in the bulk and interphases are discussed, as well as the dissipation mechanism of vibrational energy throughout this network. A broad range of water investigations are addressed, from conventional infrared and Raman spectroscopy to femtosecond pump–probe, photon-echo, optical Kerr effect, sum-frequency generation, and two-dimensional infrared spectroscopic studies. Additionally, we discuss novel approaches, such as two-dimensional sum-frequency generation, three-dimensional infrared, and two-dimensional Raman terahertz spectroscopy. By comparison of the complementary aspects probed by various linear and nonlinear spectroscopic techniques, a coherent picture of water dynamics and energetics emerges. Furthermore, we outline future perspectives of vibrational spectroscopy for water researches.
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