Wholesalers appear as legal entities in the national and international pharmaceutical market as organizers of wholesale transport of pharmaceutical goods. Their business is based on good ...pharmaceutical practice, as well as on economic principles and a number of legal acts. Based on a survey questionnaire and application of a multi-index transport model, the authors suggest that the implementation of the model of rational logistic distribution of pharmaceutical goods could improve effective and successful distribution of pharmaceuticals in the wholesale industry. There are several reasons for this: distribution of pharmaceutical goods is the fundamental business of wholesalers, distribution in pharmaceutical wholesale makes 5-6% of the total business cost, and application of the wholesale process can be rationalised in order to increase the competitiveness of the wholesalers. Finally, the model of rationalised distribution of pharmaceuticals can be adjusted to and used in all corporations whose core business is distribution.
Multidisciplinary character of traffic science in a widersense and science abouttransp01t in a narrower sense stipulatethe definition of semantic relation between the terms "transpori"and "traffic", ...as well as the meaning of conventional,combined and multimodal transpott, and some impottanttypes of traffic and transporl.Besides the definition of imporlant subjects about trafficand transp01t, for better understanding of the imparlance of financialratios of efficiency and stability for the transport corporationmanagement, the following are relevant facts of financialpolicy. This means the concept and imp01tance of financialpolicy which is composed of important subordinated policy.The most important objectives of financial policy areachieved by charging compensation for the given transp01t services.The compensation is determined based on tariffs as directconsequence of tariff policy.Successful deduction (derivation) of financial ratios of efficiencyand stability in the transporl corporation business requiresqualitative financial reporls, composed and processed insuch a way that they are adequate infO/mational basis for furtheruse.Imp01tant ratios of efficiency and stability deduced from financialreports oftransp011 corporation could be classified intothe following groups: liquidity, debt, activity, economy, profitabilityand investment ratios. Finally, standardised ratios deducedfrom adequately prepared financial rep011s could beused by the management oft he transp01t corporation as well asby other users.
Provider: - Institution: - Data provided by Europeana Collections- Promet lijekova i medicinskih proizvoda na hrvatskom tržištu podrazumjeva posredovanje između proizvođača i krajnjeg korisnika ...lijeka kroz promet lijekova i medicinskih proizvoda na veliko (nabava, skladištenje, opskrbljivanje, prodaja, uvoz i izvoz lijeka) i kroz promet na malo. Veledrogerije se u tom kontekstu pojavljuju na hrvatskom tržištu kao pravne osobe koje organiziraju promet lijekova i medicinskih proizvoda na veliko. Kako bi se takav promet temeljen na ekonomskim načelima odvijao u skladu s dobrom distribucijskom praksom i brojnim pravnim aktima koji reguliraju promet lijekova i medicinskih proizvoda na hrvatskom tržištu nužno je determinirati distribucijski lanac koji je na farmaceutskom tržištu specifičan: proizvođač lijekova, odnosno uvoznik – veledrogerija – ljekarna – pacijent, gdje je krajnji korisnik pacijent koji treba lijek kako bi spriječio ili liječio bolesno stanje. Naglasak je na činjenici da je važno da veledrogerija osigura da lijekovi ili medicinski proizvodi budu dostavljeni u najkraćem mogućem roku.
Prikupljenim spoznajama o temeljnim značajkama sustava logistike nastojalo se ukazati na činjenicu da primjena logističkih načela u poslovanju može povećati konkurentnost veledrogerija kako na nacionalnoj tako i na globalnoj razini. Indikatori potrebe za promjenom u poslovanju mogu se uočiti na planu: strategije poslovanja i upravljanja, razvoja logističkodistribucijskih mreža, investiranja u suvremene tehnologije, uvođenja novih pristupa u poslovanju koji jamče maksimalnu dobit uz minimalne troškove, itd. Strateški osmišljena logistička mreža distribucije lijekova preduvjet je za sigurno, brzo i racionalno ostvarenje temeljnog cilja suvremenog poslovanja veledrogerija u konkurentskom okruženju: isporuka u pravo vrijeme, na pravo mjesto, pravim korisnicima i uz najmanje troškove.
Temeljno načelo farmaceutske industrije u proizvodnji lijekova i medicinskih proizvoda za ljudsku uporabu jest visoka sigurnost i kvaliteta koji proizlaze iz poštivanja dobre proizvođačke prakse kako bi proizvodi pušteni u distribuciju bili prikladne kvalitete. Osnovni smisao poslovanja veledrogerija u Republici Hrvatskoj je kao i u Europskoj Uniji održavanje kvalitete kroz distribucijsku mrežu veledrogerija kako bi lijekovi i ostali medicinski proizvodi došli do krajnjeg korisnika kroz maloprodajnu mrežu bez ikakvih promjena. Veledrogerije čine važan dio zdravstvenog sustava Republike Hrvatske koji treba kvalitetno reformirati, što će se posljedično odraziti na sve sudionike distribucijskog lanca, stoga je nužno slijediti odrednice koje se odnose na područje pravnih stečevina, zdravstva u cjelini, ekonomskog aspekta distribucije lijekova i medicinskih proizvoda i korisnika zdravstvenih usluga. Europska Unija nema jedinstvenog zakona o zdravstvenoj skrbi, ali je tretira kao važan dio ljudskih prava unutar Unije, pa je vrlo bitno da Republika Hrvatska donese nove i revidira postojeće pravne akte koji reguliraju poslovanje na hrvatskom tržištu lijekova i medicinskih proizvoda.
Veledrogerije moraju imati kvalitetno strukturiran informacijski sustav kako bi poslovale učinkovito, uspješno i profitabilno. Takav informacijski sustav osigurava kreiranje logističkodistribucijske mreže koja omogućuje optimalizaciju poslovanja i pruža adekvatnu podlogu menadžmentu na svim razinama upravljanja za donošenje primjerenih poslovnih odluka. Logističkodistribucijska mreža razvijena u suglasju sa suvremenim informacijskim sustavima može unaprijediti i pozitivno utjecati na funkcioniranje svih segmenata poslovanja veledrogerije. Brojna dostignuća na polju informacijskih tehnologija postaju važan alat u prilagođavanju veledrogerija novim uvjetima poslovanja, s ciljem stvaranja preduvjeta za efikasno i elastično reagiranje na promjene u segmentu organizacije poslovanja.
Dominaciju opipljivih vrijednosti u poslovnoj praksi je neosporno zamijenila dominacija ljudskih resursa odnosno intelektualni kapital poduzeća. Temeljni resurs poslovanja poduzeća čine informacije temeljene na ljudskim spoznajama i znanje koje iz njih proizlazi. Veledrogerije kao sudionici farmaceutskog tržišta u svrhu uspješnijeg poslovanja moraju razvijati sustav organizacije koja uči kao model konstantnog usavršavanja i unapređivanja postojećih spoznaja i odgovor na stalne promjene tržišta. Stoga je važnost intelektualnog kapitala za razvoj efikasnih logističkodistribucijskih mreža velika.
Iznošenjem relevantnih činjenica u doktorskoj se dizertaciji potvrdila hipoteza da bi novi model racionalizacije logističke distribucije lijekova uz analizirane spoznaje o ljudskim potencijalima, informacijskim sustavima i logističko distribucijskim mrežama mogao implicirati brze, sigurne i racionalne procese logističke distribucije lijekova što bi rezultiralo uspješnijim poslovanjem veledrogerija u Republici Hrvatskoj.- Organized transport of pharmaceutical goods on the Croatian market involves mediation between producers and end users through the trade of pharmaceuticals and medical products through the wholesale (procurement, storage, supply, sale, import and export of the pharmaceutical goods) and through the retail. Wholesalers in this context appears in the Croatian market as a legal entity which organize transport of pharmaceutical goods as wholesale. Such transactions based on economic principles took place in accordance with good distribution practice and a number of legal acts regulating the traffic of pharmaceutical products on the Croatian market, it is necessary to determine the distribution chain that is specific for the pharmaceutical market: manufacturers of pharmaceutics, or importers - wholesalers - pharmacies - patients, where the end user is patient who needs medication to prevent ill treatment or condition. The emphasis is on the fact that it is important to ensure that the pharmaceuticals shold be delivered in the shortest possible time by wholesalers.
The collected knowledge of the basic features of the logistics efforts were made to point out the fact that the application of logistics principles in business can increase the competitiveness of the wholesalers at the national as well at the global level. Core indicators of the need for change in business can be seen in terms of: business strategy and management, development of logistical distribution network, investing in modern technology, developing new approaches to operations which guarantee maximum profits with minimum costs (...). Strategicaly designed logistic network of distribution of pharmaceuticals is a prerequisite for safe, fast and rational achievement of the basic goal in wholesalers business in the competitive environment: the delivery at the right time, to the right place, right users and at the least cost.
The fundamental principle of the pharmaceutical industry in the production of medicines and medical products for human use is high quality and safety resulting from compliance with good manufacturing practice so that products were released in the distribution of suitable quality. The main purpose of the wholesalers business in the Republic of Croatia and the European Union as well is maintaining quality through the wholesaler distribution network so pharmaceuticals and other medical products reach end users through retail network without any qualitative changes. Wholesalers make an important part of Croatian health care system which is supposed to be reformed, which will subsequently affect all the participants of the distribution chain, so it is necessary to follow the guidelines that relate to legal standards, health in general, the economic aspect of the distribution of pharmaceuticals and users of health services. European Union does not have the integral law on health care, but treats it as an important part of human rights within the Union, so it is very important that the Republic of Croatia adopt new and revised existing legal acts that regulate business in the Croatian market of medicines and medical products.
Information systems could be considered as one of the fundamental factors of effective, successful and profitable wholesalers business, creating logistics and distribution networks as well as making appropriate business decisions at all levels of management. Logistics distribution network developed in accordance with modern information systems can improve and positively influence the functioning of all segments of the wholesalers business. Numerous achievements in the field of information technologies become an important tool in adjusting to the new wholesalers business conditions, with the goal of creating prerequisites for efficient and flexible response to changes in the segment of business organization.
The dominance of tangible value in business practice is arguably replaced by the dominance of human resources and the intellectual capital. The basic resource in business are information based on human knowledge. Wholesalers on pharmaceutical market must create a learning organization as a model of constant advancement and improvement of existing knowledge and as a response to a constant market changes. Hence the importance of intellectual capital is essential for the development of efficient logistic distribution networks.
Presentation of relevant facts sought to confirm the hypothesis that the new model of rationalization of logistic distribution could imply a faster, safer and more rational logistic distribution processes using human resources, information systems, logistics and distribution networks resulting in successful wholesalers business in the Republic Croatia.- All metadata published by Europeana are available free of restriction under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. However, Europeana requests that you actively acknowledge and give attribution to all metadata sources including Europeana
