High temporal resolution solar observations in the decimetric range (1–3
GHz) can provide additional information on solar active regions dynamics and thus contribute to better understanding of solar ...geoeffective events as flares and coronal mass ejections. The June 6, 2000 flares are a set of remarkable geoeffective eruptive phenomena observed as solar radio bursts (SRB) by means of the 3
GHz Ondrejov Observatory radiometer. We have selected and analyzed, applying detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA), three decimetric bursts associated to X1.1, X1.2 and X2.3 flare-classes, respectively. The association with geomagnetic activity is also reported. DFA method is performed in the framework of a radio burst automatic monitoring system. Our results may characterize the SRB evolution, computing the DFA scaling exponent, scanning the SRB time series by a short windowing before the extreme event. For the first time, the importance of DFA in the context of SRB monitoring analysis is presented.
► For the first time, 3
GHz SFU profiles of June 06, 2000 flares are investigated using detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) technique. ► The results show that DFA is useful for solar radio activity monitoring. ► This procedure will be automatically applied in the Brazilian Space Weather Program.
The MHONGOOSE (MeerKAT HI Observations of Nearby Galactic Objects: Observing Southern Emitters) survey maps the distribution and kinematics of the neutral atomic hydrogen (HI) gas in and around 30 ...nearby star-forming spiral and dwarf galaxies to extremely low HI column densities. The HI column density sensitivity (3 sigma over 16 km/s) ranges from ~ 5 x 10^{17} cm^{-2} at 90'' resolution to ~4 x 10^{19} cm^{-2} at the highest resolution of 7''. The HI mass sensitivity (3 sigma over 50 km/s) is ~5.5 X 10^5 M_sun at a distance of 10 Mpc (the median distance of the sample galaxies). The velocity resolution of the data is 1.4 km/s. One of the main science goals of the survey is the detection of cold, accreting gas in the outskirts of the sample galaxies. The sample was selected to cover a range in HI masses, from 10^7 M_sun to almost 10^{11} M_sun, to optimally sample possible accretion scenarios and environments. The distance to the sample galaxies ranges from 3 to 23 Mpc. In this paper, we present the sample selection, survey design, and observation and reduction procedures. We compare the integrated HI fluxes based on the MeerKAT data with those derived from single-dish measurement and find good agreement, indicating that our MeerKAT observations are recovering all flux. We present HI moment maps of the entire sample based on the first ten percent of the survey data, and find that a comparison of the zeroth- and second-moment values shows a clear separation between the physical properties of the HI in areas with star formation and areas without, related to the formation of a cold neutral medium. Finally, we give an overview of the HI-detected companion and satellite galaxies in the 30 fields, five of which have not previously been catalogued. We find a clear relation between the number of companion galaxies and the mass of the main target galaxy.
To determine the role of the
FHIT gene, which encompasses the fragile site at 3p14.2, we analyzed 59 tumors of the small cell and non-small cell type by reverse transcription of
FHIT mRNA, followed ...by PCR amplification and sequencing of products. Allelic losses affecting the gene were evaluated by microsatellite polymorphism analysis and genomic alterations by hybridization using cDNA and genomic probes. Small cell lung tumors (80%) and non-small cell lung cancers (40%) showed abnormalities in RNA transcripts of
FHIT, and 76% of the tumors exhibited loss of
FHIT alleles. Abnormal lung tumor transcripts lack two or more exons of the
FHIT gene. Small cell lung cancer tumors and cell lines were analyzed by Southern blotting and showed rearranged BamHI fragments. These data suggest a critical role of the
FHIT gene in lung carcinogenesis.
With aging populations around the world, frailty is becoming more prevalent increasing the need for health systems and social systems to deliver optimal evidence based care. However, in spite of the ...growing number of frailty publications, high-quality evidence for decision making is often lacking. Inadequate descriptions of the populations enrolled including frailty severity and frailty conceptualization, lack of use of validated frailty assessment tools, utilization of different frailty instruments between studies, and variation in reported outcomes impairs the ability to interpret, generalize and implement the research findings. The utilization of common data elements (CDEs) and core outcome measures (COMs) in clinical trials is increasingly being adopted to address such concerns. To catalyze the development and use of CDEs and COMs for future frailty studies, the Canadian Frailty Network (
http://www.cfn-nce.ca
; CFN), a not-for-profit pan-Canadian nationally-funded research network, convened an international group of experts to examine the issue and plan the path forward. The meeting was structured to allow for an examination of current frailty evidence, ability to learn from other COMs and CDEs initiatives, discussions about specific considerations for frailty COMs and CDEs and finally the identification of the necessary steps for a COMs and CDEs consensus initiative going forward. It was agreed at the onset of the meeting that a statement based on the meeting would be published and herein we report the statement.
Partial neutralization of the myotoxic effect of
Bothrops jararacussu venom (BV) and two of its myotoxins bothropstoxin-I (BthTX-I), catalytically inactive, and II (BthTX-II), showing low PLA
2 ...activity, by the lyophilized aqueous extract of
Tabernaemontana catharinensis (AE), was studied in rat isolated soleus muscle preparations (
in vitro) and through i.m. injection in the gastrocnemius muscle (
in vivo) by determination of creatine kinase (CK) activity and histopathological analysis. Incubation of soleus muscle for 1
h with BV or toxins (20
μg/ml) plus AE (400
μg/ml) added immediately after BV, BthTX-I or BthTX-II reduced CK levels by 53%, 37% and 56%, respectively. The myonecrotic effects of BV (20
μg/ml) upon soleus muscle was reduced 24%, 35% and 36% when AE (400
μg/ml) was added 1
h after BV and CK was evaluated 30
min, 1 and 2
h later, respectively. For BthTX-I these values were 46%, 48% and 47%, while for BthTX-II no inhibitory effect was detected. Histological analysis of soleus muscle after incubation with AE (400
μg/ml, 1
h) did not reveal any change in muscle fibers, but severe necrosis induced by BV or toxins (20
μg/ml) was clearly in evidence, and decreased significantly when soleus muscle was protected by AE. This protection was also observed when AE was administered 1
h after BV or BthTX-I, but not after BthTX-II. AE did not inhibit the catalytic PLA
2 activity of BthTX-II or BV and did not change the PAGE pattern of BV, BthTX-I or BthTX-II.
In vivo assays were performed in 100-g rats and maximal CK release was attained at a dose of 100
μg of BV, 3
h after injection. AE was not effective when injected 20
s after BV or toxins. However, injecting BV or toxins (100
μg), which were pre-incubated with AE (2
mg) caused an inhibition of 57%, 59% and 51%, respectively, with zero time pre-incubation, but was less effective with 1
h pre-incubation. This plant represents a potential source of promising myotoxin inhibitors.
A palladium-mediated carbonylative cyclization reaction of Baylis–Hillman adducts is disclosed. This simple, efficient and straightforward sequence leads to the formation of an array of ...3-alkenylphthalides with different substitution patterns on the aromatic ring, with good chemical yields and selectivities.
Graphical Abstract
The utilization of ultrasound radiation in the Baylis–Hillman reaction with several aldehydes (aromatics and aliphatics) and different α,β-unsaturated reactants is described. For all aldehydes ...tested, the utilization of ultrasound sources augmented the reaction rate and the chemical yields. The use of ultrasound with two different catalysts (tri-
n-butylphosphine and 1,4-diazabicyclo2.2.2octane DABCO) was also investigated. It was clearly demonstrated that DABCO is much more effective for catalyzing a Baylis–Hillman reaction under the influence of ultrasound than is tri-
n-butylphosphine. No effect on reaction rate was observed when the concentration of DABCO was increased.
The scope of the utilization of ultrasound radiation in the Baylis–Hillman reaction with several aldehydes (substituted aromatics and aliphatics) is described. For all aldehydes tested, the use of ultrasound sources augmented the reaction rate and the chemical yields. Ultrasound radiation is also compatible with different α,β-unsaturated reactants.
Abstract The clinical relevance of anti-HLA antibodies following kidney transplantation has been a recent focus of research. Patients who present anti-HLA antibodies in the posttransplantation period ...have shown higher incidences of acute rejection episodes (ARE) and chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN). The objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of anti-HLA antibodies during the first year after kidney transplantation and their association with the occurrence of ARE and CAN. Eighty-eight kidney transplant recipients were evaluated for the presence of IgG anti-HLA antibodies using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (LAT-M and LAT-1240, One Lambda Inc, Calif, United States). Protocol kidney biopsies were performed in consenting patients. ARE and CAN were diagnosed by clinical, laboratory, and histopathological criteria. Anti-HLA antibodies were observed in 20 (22.7%) patients. At 1 year follow-up, 26.1% presented ARE and 51.2% developed CAN. Nine patients (45%) with antibodies developed ARE as opposed to 20.6% without antibodies and 64.7% developed CAN as opposed to 47.8% of those without antibodies. In the histological analysis, the anti-HLA antibodies were associated with Banff IIA ARE ( P = .001) and Banff grade II CAN ( P = .012). Routine posttransplantation search for antibodies may identify cases at higher risk for acute and chronic rejection, and perhaps help to tailor the immunosuppressive regimen.
PDF
