The article addresses the impact of the coronavirus pandemic in 2020 on the development of labour costs, net earnings and consumption costs in the „new“ EU market economies (Bulgaria, the Czech ...Republic, Estonia, Croatia, Lithuania, Latvia. Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovenia and Slovakia). Expansive fiscal and monetary policies allowed the EU to stabilise its economic potential as performance declined in the first year of the pandemic. Employment in the dependent and self-employed sectors declined only to a minimum extent. The author states that the traditional Czech policy of cheap labour and restrictive economic policies in the last financial crisis and the manoeuvring of the exchange rate led to a process of stagnation. The Czech economy finally witnessed recovery and a subsequent boom in 2014, one year later than neighbouring countries. Due to the rigidity of the economy, Czech labour prices did not begin to grow until 2016. The lagging behind in earnings compared to those of other EU emerging markets led to a relative loss in the earnings of Czech employees. The onset of the coronavirus pandemic only served to exacerbate this long-term trend.
Republic to the EU-15 group of countries during the economic cycle 2009−2019. It proves that the traditional Czech policy of cheap labour linked to the undervalued exchange rate in the most recent ...economic cycle has significantly slowed down wage convergence and has made a significant impact on the living standards of the population. From the overall European point of view, the higher rates of profit in the Czech Republic due to cheap labour costs are only partially reflected by investment in the Czech Republic, while hundreds of billions of Czech crowns flow out of the country. Under-developed personal consumption is undermining the economic growth of the Czech Republic. Moreover, the reduction in the tax burden on earnings planned during the coronavirus crisis will slow down the performance of the Czech economy to European proportions and act to extend the outflow of capital from the Czech Republic for years to come.
Quantum marginal problems Tyc, Tomáš; Vlach, Jan
The European physical journal. D, Atomic, molecular, and optical physics,
09/2015, Volume:
69, Issue:
9
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
The quantum marginal problem asks the question if elements of a given set of quantum states can be reduced states of some joint quantum state. In this paper we present various versions of the quantum ...marginal problem along with their solutions in the order in which they were published. The review begins with simple finite-dimensional composite systems and ends with results of the Gaussian quantum marginal problem that apply to systems of harmonic oscillators (e.g. modes of the quantum electromagnetic field).
Graphical abstract
The thesis deals with eye blink detection, which is part of complex topic of face detection and recognition. The work intents on digital image processing. There is analyse of the topic and ...description of image databases for testing. Two main chapters describe design of eye blink detection with digital image processing with IR technology and without IR technology.
This master's thesis deals with a parallel design of the program and a technical equipment of embedded systems. It involves both a general description of the whole process and an illustration of the ...design, a simulation and implementation of the FIR filter. It also includes a description of the proposed program Polis and the simulation system Ptolemy. The conclusion of the project is devoted to a generation of simulation models in VHDL language incl. a subsequent synthesis.
The object of this Thesis is an area adjacent to European heritage site of Dolni Vitkovice, in the city of Ostrava, Moravian-Silesian Region. This work focuses on making the area more accessible by ...all means of transportation, overcoming natural and man-made barriers as well as exploring the possibility of dense development on the site while maintaining its industrial identity. All that in context of otherwise slowly shrinking post-industrial city with aging and declining urban population.
The topic of this thesis is "Protection of child labour - children's performance in artistic, cultural, sports or advertising activities". The first part of this thesis presents the historical ...excursion to the evolution of the legislation of the child labour in the Czech countries. The first rules on the protection of children at work were adopted already at the end of the 18th century, hovewer the greatest development came during the 19th century and in the days of the "First Republic". Since 1966, the regulation of the child labour was set in the Labour Code no. 65/1965 Coll., where endured (even after the adoption of the new Labour Code no. 262/2006 Coll.), until the adoption of the Civil Code no. 89/2012 Coll. The second part is focused on the international aspect of the protection of the child labour. At the global level, the United Nations and its Specialized Agencies and Programmes, such as the International Labour Organization and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) take the important part. Thanks to these institutions several key documents, such as The Convention on the Rights of the Child, 1989, ILO Convention No. 138 on the Minimum Age for Admission to Employment and Work, 1973, and ILO Convention No. 182 on the Worst Forms of Child Labour, 1999, have been adopted. Beside the...
The diploma thesis is focused on the distribution and role of UV reflectant patterns in beetles (Coleoptera) with focus on the family Scarabaeidae. Through a survey of European museum collections, we ...discovered over 900 species of UV reflectant beetles, of which 850 species were identified as UV reflectant for the first time. The surface structures responsible for UV reflectant patterns in beetles were studied in detail using a scanning electron microscope. We have identified two ways how the UV reflectant patterns occur. The first way: the light rays interact with the internal structure of the cuticular formations or the cuticle itself; the second way: the light rays interact with the surface layer formed by cuticular secretion. Additionally we carried out experiments with live animals, where we investigated the effect of an individual's age on the intensity of UV reflectant patterns and the effect of UV reflectance on reproductive activity. In a pilot study we were able to show that freshly hatched individuals show a higher level of UV reflectance than older individuals.
The Master´s thesis focuses on the possibilities of using MAG welding on carbon steel 1.1221(C60E) without using preheating. It researches the effect of basic welding parameters on the final ...characteristics with the goal being to find a welding seam without defects, without using preheating.
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