During the week of March 13-18, 1983, 37 government and university health scientists participated in the Workshop on Environmentally Related Nononcogenic Lung Disease. The workshop, which was chaired ...by James L. Whittenberger of the University of California's Southern Occupational Health Center with Dr. Robert Frank of Johns Hopkins University, cochairman, represented a major effort by the interagency Task Force on Environmental Cancer and Heart and Lung Disease to address in fiscal year 1983 its mandate to assess current evidence and recommend integrated federal research programs toward relating human illness with environmental pollution. The subject of nononcogenic lung disease was approached through three concurrent discussion sessions: epidemiology, statistics, and risk assessment; clinical research; and basic and animal research. Participants were assigned to one of the three group sessions, based on their backgrounds and interests, but were encouraged to interact and attend the other sessions. Each session produced an immediate set of recommendations on research needs, complete with background information and literature references. In compiling this report on the workshop findings, the sets of recommendations were consolidated to avoid duplication, and the text was condensed to ensure that each argument and rationale was presented cogently. This lengthy and laborious process, which required careful review and critical analysis, was undertaken by the workshop chairmen, the session chairmen, and finally the participants. The result is a document that, it is hoped, both accurately reflects the current state of knowledge on environmentally related nononcogenic lung disease and adequately responds to the Task Force's mandate. The views expressed are those of the participating scientists and should not be construed to represent any official agency position.
Twenty-four male subjects with stable angina pectoris performed graded exercise tests after being exposed to either carbon monoxide (CO) or clean air in a randomized crossover double-blind experiment ...in which each subject acted as his own control. Subject's blood carboxyhemoglobin levels were increased from a baseline level of approximately 1.5% to 3% of saturation, post-CO exposure. Cardiographic and respiratory gas exchange data were obtained during the tests in which the subjects exercised to the point of onset of anginal pain. The goal of the study was to determine if low-level CO exposure compromised the ability of these individuals to perform work. Data were evaluated statistically using a two-factor analysis of variance with repeated measures; the factors were exposure ATMOSPHERE (clean air vs. CO) and ORDER of exposure (clean air first, CO second vs. CO first, clean air second). One-tailed tests were used, and differences were considered significant at the p < .05 level. The time to onset of angina was reduced 6% (p = .046) after CO exposure relative to clean air. Oxygen uptake (V
o
2
) at angina was reduced by approximately 3% (p = .04). A subgroup of individuals who exhibited depression in the ST segment of their electrocardiograph tracings showed a 12% reduction in time to onset of angina and a 20% reduction in the time to onset of 0.1 mV ST segment depression; both of these findings were also statistically significant.
Physiologic aspects of physical fitness WHITTENBERGER, J L
American journal of public health and the nation's health,
05/1963, Volume:
53, Issue:
5
Journal Article
PDF
