The comparison of carbon emissions between prefabricated and traditional cast-in-place construction methods in actual example buildings has yielded inconsistent results due to the difficulty in ...accounting for design parameter uncertainty. Additionally, the carbon-reduction capacity of prefabricated structures remains a topic of debate. This paper investigates the carbon emission reduction capacity of prefabricated concrete frame structures compared to traditional cast-in-place structures, with a focus on addressing design parameter uncertainty. A quantitative model of carbon emissions is established using the subproject quota method and PKPM-PC software. The study evaluates the impact of design parameters, such as slab span and seismic requirements, and calculation parameters, such as carbon emission factor and transport distance, on carbon emissions. The results indicate that prefabricated structures with a higher assembly rate exhibit a stronger emission reduction capacity, mainly due to lower demands for labor and mechanical energy consumption. The study also highlights that prefabricated structures with smaller slab spans and higher seismic requirements have lower carbon emission reduction capacities and can produce greater carbon emissions than cast-in-place structures. Furthermore, the appropriate carbon emission factor for the material used in prefabricated structures is crucial for achieving reliable carbon reduction rates. Finally, the study emphasizes the importance of considering transport as a small but significant factor in structural comparison, as changes in transport distance can significantly impact results.
•Qualitative and quantitative analysis of polyphenols in P. Chinense by UPLC-HR-MS and UHPLC-QqQ-MS.•Alteration of composition of gut microbiota by P. Chinense.•Enriched gut health-promoting bacteria ...by P. Chinense with enhanced metabolic resilience, suggesting a prebiotic effect.•Significantly increased antioxidant capacity in vivo by P. Chinense.
Penthorum chinense Pursh is a dietary medicinal plant widely distributed in Asia-Pacific countries. The present study aims to profile the chemical constituents of P. chinense and investigate its prebiotic role in modulating gut microbiota. Fifty polyphenolic compounds were rapidly identified using UPLC-HR-MS. Total flavonoid and phenolic contents of P. chinense were 46.6% and 61.3% (w/w), respectively. Thirteen individual polyphenols were quantified, which accounted for 33.1% (w/w). P. chinense induced structural arrangement of microbial community in mice, showing increased microbiota diversity, elevated Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio and enriched gut health-promoting bacteria. After a one-week drug-free wash, most of these changes were recovered, but the abundance of some beneficial bacteria was further increased. The altered composition of gut microbiota enriched several metabolic pathways. Moreover, P. chinense increased antioxidant capacity in vivo. The results suggest that polyphenol-enriched P. chinense modulates gut microbiota and enhances antioxidant capacity in mice toward a beneficial environment for host health.
The application of PacBio HiFi and ultra-long ONT reads have enabled huge progress in the contig-level assembly, but it is still challenging to assemble large contigs into chromosomes with available ...Hi-C scaffolding tools, which count Hi-C links between contigs using the whole or a large part of contig regions. As the Hi-C links of two adjacent contigs concentrate only at the neighbor ends of the contigs, larger contig size will reduce the power to differentiate adjacent (signal) and non-adjacent (noise) contig linkages, leading to a higher rate of mis-assembly.
We design and develop a novel Hi-C based scaffolding tool EndHiC, which is suitable to assemble large contigs into chromosomal-level scaffolds. The core idea behind EndHiC, which distinguishes it from other Hi-C scaffolding tools, is using Hi-C links only from the most effective regions of contig ends. By this way, the signal neighbor contig linkages and noise non-neighbor contig linkages are separated more clearly. Benefiting from the increased signal to noise ratio, the reciprocal best requirement, as well as the robustness evaluation, EndHiC achieves higher accuracy for scaffolding large contigs compared to existing tools. EndHiC has been successfully applied in the Hi-C scaffolding of simulated data from human, rice and Arabidopsis, and real data from human, great burdock, water spinach, chicory, endive, yacon, and Ipomoea cairica, suggesting that EndHiC can be applied to a broad range of plant and animal genomes.
EndHiC is a novel Hi-C scaffolding tool, which is suitable for scaffolding of contig assemblies with contig N50 size near or over 10 Mb and N90 size near or over 1 Mb. EndHiC is efficient both in time and memory, and it is interface-friendly to the users. As more genome projects have been launched and the contig continuity constantly improved, we believe EndHiC has the potential to make a great contribution to the genomics field and liberate the scientists from labor-intensive manual curation works.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a kind of acquired brain injury, which is caused by external mechanical forces. Moreover, the neuroprotective role of sevoflurane (Sevo) has been identified in TBI. ...Therefore, this research was conducted to figure out the mechanism of Sevo in TBI via FGF2.
The key factors of neuroprotective effects of Sevo in TBI rats were predicted by bioinformatics analysis. A TBI model was induced on rats that then inhaled Sevo for 1 h and grouped via lentivirus injection. Modified Neurological Severity Score was adopted to evaluate neuronal damage in rats, followed by motor function and brain water content measurement. FGF2, EZH2, and HES1 expression in brain tissues was evaluated by immunofluorescence staining, and expression of related genes and autophagy factors by RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis. Methylation-specific PCR was performed to assess HES1 promoter methylation level, and ChIP assay to detect the enrichment of EZH2 in the HES1 promoter. Neuronal damage was assessed by cell immunofluorescence staining, and neuronal apoptosis by Nissl staining, TUNEL staining, and flow cytometry.
Sevo diminished brain edema, improved neurological scores, and decreased neuronal apoptosis and autophagy in TBI rats. Sevo preconditioning could upregulate FGF2 that elevated EZH2 expression, and EZH2 bound to the HES1 promoter to downregulate HES1 in TBI rats. Also, FGF2 or EZH2 overexpression or HES silencing decreased brain edema, neurological deficits, and neuronal autophagy and apoptosis in Sevo-treated TBI rats.
Our results provided a novel insight to the neuroprotective mechanism of Sevo in TBI rats by downregulating HES1 via FGF2/EZH2 axis activation.
•APFO was effectively decomposed in persulfate/ultrasound system.•APFO decomposition under different conditions was studied.•The SO4−•/APFO reactions primarily occur at the bubble–water interface.
...Ammonium perfluorooctanoate (APFO) is an emerging environmental pollutant attracting significant attention due to its global distribution, high persistence, and bioaccumulation properties. The decomposition of APFO in aqueous solution with a combination of persulfate oxidant and ultrasonic irradiation was investigated. The effects of operating parameters, such as ultrasonic power, persulfate concentration, APFO concentration, and initial media pH on APFO degradation were discussed. In the absence of persulfate, 35.5% of initial APFO in 46.4μmol/L solution under ultrasound irradiation, was decomposed rapidly after 120min with the defluorination ratio reaching 6.73%. In contrast, when 10mmol/L persulfate was used, 51.2% of initial APFO (46.4μmol/L) was decomposed and the defluorination ratio reached 11.15% within 120min reaction time. Enhancement of the decomposition of APFO can be explained by acceleration of substrate decarboxylation, induced by sulfate radical anions formed from the persulfate during ultrasonic irradiation. The SO4−•/APFO reactions at the bubble-water interface appear to be the primary pathway for the sonochemical degradation of the perfluorinated surfactants.
Introduction:
The prospective Belt and Road (B&R) Initiative by China must be thoroughly examined by the participating nations in all respects. It is now essential to investigate whether the digital ...economy of the B&R countries can support green total factor productivity (GTFP). This study examines the connection between green total factor productivity (GTFP) and the digital economy in B&R countries with the aim of providing China with practical recommendations for advancing the initiative.
Methods:
This study explores 40 B&R countries from 2006 to 2021, calculates the GTFP using the unexpected super-efficient SBM model and the Global Malmquist-Luenberger index method, and constructs the digital economy index using the principal component analysis method. OLS, FMOLS methods, and spatial panel regressions are used to examine the digital economy-GTFP nexus.
Results and Discussion:
In the selected 40 B&R countries, there is a non-linear relationship between the digital economy and GTFP, and the overall effect of the digital economy on GTFP is negative, implying that the growth of the digital economy will cause a decline in GTFP. Energy transition has mediation effects that can mitigate the negative impact of digital economic growth on GTFP. The spatial spillover effects of the digital economy on the GTFP of neighboring countries are evident. There is also heterogeneity; the digital economy will reduce GTFP in high- and middle-income countries, but the negative effects are not evident in low-income countries. This paper adds to the discussion of the digital economy and green development by drawing different conclusions from previous studies using a variety of regression models, providing a fresh foundation for policy-making.
With the development of single-cell technology, many cell traits can be measured. Furthermore, the multi-omics profiling technology could jointly measure two or more traits in a single cell ...simultaneously. In order to process the various data accumulated rapidly, computational methods for multimodal data integration are needed.
Here, we present inClust+, a deep generative framework for the multi-omics. It's built on previous inClust that is specific for transcriptome data, and augmented with two mask modules designed for multimodal data processing: an input-mask module in front of the encoder and an output-mask module behind the decoder. InClust+ was first used to integrate scRNA-seq and MERFISH data from similar cell populations, and to impute MERFISH data based on scRNA-seq data. Then, inClust+ was shown to have the capability to integrate the multimodal data (e.g. tri-modal data with gene expression, chromatin accessibility and protein abundance) with batch effect. Finally, inClust+ was used to integrate an unlabeled monomodal scRNA-seq dataset and two labeled multimodal CITE-seq datasets, transfer labels from CITE-seq datasets to scRNA-seq dataset, and generate the missing modality of protein abundance in monomodal scRNA-seq data. In the above examples, the performance of inClust+ is better than or comparable to the most recent tools in the corresponding task.
The inClust+ is a suitable framework for handling multimodal data. Meanwhile, the successful implementation of mask in inClust+ means that it can be applied to other deep learning methods with similar encoder-decoder architecture to broaden the application scope of these models.
► The photocatalytic activity of Fe3O4/ZnO was explored. ► The catalyst was prepared by a facile two-step strategy. ► It was found to be an ideal photocatalyst for the Methyl Orange degradation. ► It ...also has high photocatalytic activity and excellent reusage.
Bifunctional magnetic-optical Fe3O4/ZnO nanocomposites with different molar ratio were successfully synthesized by a facile two-step strategy. Compared with the other methods, it was found to be mild, inexpensive, green, convenient and efficient. Fe3O4 nanocrystal was used as seed for the deposit and growth of ZnO nanoparticle. A series of the characterizations manifested that the combination of Fe3O4 with ZnO nanoparticles was successful. Photocatalytic activity studies confirmed that as-prepared nanocomposites had excellent photodegradating behavior to Methyl Orange (MO) compared to the pure ZnO nanoparticles. The results showed that the degradation percentage of MO was about 93.6% for 1h when the amount of catalyst was 0.51gL−1 and initial concentration of MO was 6×10−5molL−1 in the pH 7 solution. Moreover, the kinetics of photocatalytic degradation reaction could be expressed by the first-order reaction kinetic model. Furthermore, the Fe3O4/ZnO nanocomposites could be also served as convenient recyclable photocatalysts because of their magnetic properties.
Nowadays, it is still technologically challenging to prepare highly sensitive sensing films using microelectrical mechanical system (MEMS) compatible methods for miniaturized sensors with low power ...consumption and high yield. Here, sensitive cross-linked SnO
2
:NiO networks were successfully fabricated by sputtering SnO
2
:NiO target onto the etched self-assembled triangle polystyrene (PS) microsphere arrays and then ultrasonically removing the PS microsphere templates in acetone. The optimum line width (~ 600 nm) and film thickness (~ 50 nm) of SnO
2
:NiO networks were obtained by varying the plasma etching time and the sputtering time. Then, thermal annealing at 500 °C in H
2
was implemented to activate and reorganize the as-deposited amorphous SnO
2
:NiO thin films. Compared with continuous SnO
2
:NiO thin film counterparts, these cross-linked films show the highest response of ~ 9 to 50 ppm ethanol, low detection limits (< 5 ppm) at 300 °C, and also high selectivity against NO
2
, SO
2
, NH
3
, C
7
H
8
, and acetone. The gas-sensing enhancement could be mainly attributed to the creating of more active adsorption sites by increased stepped surface in cross-linked SnO
2
:NiO network. Furthermore, this method is MEMS compatible and of generality to effectively fabricate other cross-linked sensing films, showing the promising potency in the production of low energy consumption and wafer-scale MEMS gas sensors.
The exotic plant Spartina alterniflora was introduced to Yueqing Bay more than 20 years ago for tidal land reclamation and as a defense against typhoons, but it has rapidly expanded and caused ...enormous ecological consequences. Mapping the spread and distribution of S. alterniflora is the first step toward understanding the factors that determine the population expansion patterns. Remote sensing is a promising tool to monitor the expansion of S. alterniflora. Twelve Landsat TM images and Support Vector Machine (SVM) were used to delineate the invasion of S. alterniflora from 1993 to 2009, and SPOT 6 images and Object-Based Image Analysis (OBIA) were used to map the distribution of S. alterniflora in 2014. In situ data and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) images were used as supplementary data. S. alterniflora spread rapidly in Yueqing Bay over the past 21 years. Between 1993 and 2009, the area of S. alterniflora increased by 608 times (from 4 to 2432 ha). The rapid expansion of S. alterniflora covered almost all of the bare mudflats around the mangrove forests and the cultivated mudflats. However, from 2009 to 2014, the rate of expansion of S. alterniflora began to slow down in Yueqing Bay, and the total area of S. alterniflora in Yantian decreased by 275 ha. These phenomena can be explained by the landscape changes and ecological niches. Through the expansion of S. alterniflora, it was found that the ecological significance and environmental impact of S. alterniflora was different in different regions in Yueqing Bay. The conservation plans for Yueqing Bay should consider both the positive and negative effects of S. alterniflora, and the governmental policy should be based on the different circumstances of the regions.
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