Objectives
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most aggressive head and neck cancers with high incidence. Multiple studies have revealed that long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play pivotal ...roles in tumorigenesis. However, the role of long intergenic non‐protein coding RNA 664 (LINC00664) on the progression of OSCC was still unclear.
Subjects and methods
In this study, the expression of LINC00664 in OSCC tissues and cell lines was detected by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). The functional role of LINC0664 was estimated by cell counting kit‐8 (CCK‐8), transwell assays, Western blot in vitro, and xenograft tumor model in vivo. The regulatory mechanism was investigated by RNA‐binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP), chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), and luciferase reporter assays.
Results
LINC00664 was found to be upregulated in OSCC tissues and cell lines and was associated with poor prognosis of OSCC patients. LINC00664 knockdown suppressed OSCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT). Moreover, Kruppel like factor 9 (KLF9) enhanced LINC00664 expression at transcription level. Interestingly, LINC00664 upregulated KLF9 expression by sponging miR‐411‐5p. In addition, knockdown of LINC00664 restrained tumor growth of OSCC in vivo.
Conclusion
Our study identified the oncogenic roles of LINC00664 in OSCC tumorigenesis and EMT via KLF9/LINC00664/miR‐411‐5p/KLF9 feedback loop, which provides new perspectives of the potential therapeutic target for OSCC.
The utilization of an appropriate collector or surfactant is crucial for the beneficiation of low-rank coal. However, in previous studies, the selection of surfactants was primarily based on ...flotation procedures, which hinders the understanding of the interaction mechanism between surfactant groups and oxygen-containing functional groups at the surface of low-rank coal. In this study, we investigate the flotation of low-rank coal in the presence of a composite collector by using a combined theoretical and experimental approach. The maximum flotation mass recovery achieved was 82.89% using a 3:1 mixture of dodecane and castor oil acid. Fourier-transform infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic analyses showed that castor oil acid was effectively adsorbed onto the surface of low-rank coal, enhancing the hydrophobicity of the coal. In addition, the diffusion coefficient of water molecules in the water-composite collector-coal system was greater than that in the dodecane system. Moreover, due to the presence of castor oil acid in the flotation process, the adsorption distance of dodecane and low-rank coal became shorter. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that the diffusion and interaction of surfactant molecules at the interface of low-rank coal particles and water was enhanced because the adsorption of the dodecane-castor oil acid mixture is primarily controlled by hydrogen bonds and electrostatic attraction. Based on these results, a better surfactant for flotation of low-rank coal is also proposed.
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•High-thermal-conductivity composites with silicon nitride (Si3N4) as the matrix and diamond particles as the reinforcing phase were successfully developed.•Si3N4/diamond composites ...offered maximum thermal conductivity of 201.96 W·m−1·K−1, an increase of 272.87 % compared with Si3N4.•The composites exhibited high hardness (32.84 GPa) and low coefficient of thermal expansion (3.07 × 10-6/K).•The titanium carbonitride formed at the interface created a chemical bonding and inhibited the graphitization of diamond (approximately 100 nm).•Multilayered designs endowed composites with directional heat transfer feature, and the anisotropy increased by 66.67% compared with non-multilayer structure.
A novel composite materials using silicon nitride (Si3N4) as the substrate and diamond particles as the reinforcement phase were developed to increase both thermal conductivity and mechanical properties. The Ti coating on the surfaces of the diamond particles facilitated the formation of a titanium carbonitride (TiCiN1-i) interface between the two constituents during sintering, creating a strong bonding for high thermal conduction at the diamond-Si3N4 interface and inhibiting the graphitization of diamond during the sintering process. Furthermore, a sandwiched material design was made whereby Si3N4 and Si3N4/Ti-coated diamond layers were stacked alternately to endow the composites with a directional heat conduction characteristic. The thermal conductivity of the fabricated Si3N4/diamond composites increased by up to 272.87 % compared to that of commercially available Si3N4, making them excellent candidates for thermal management materials required in high-performance electronic devices.
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is characterized by rapid local migration and invasion. This study was aimed at clarifying the effect of miR-654-5p on progression of OSCC. miR-654-5p promoted ...proliferation, metastasis, and chemoresistance of OSCC in vitro and in vivo. Consistently, miR-654-5p was upregulated in late-stage OSCC and was correlated with poor prognosis of OSCC patients. Furthermore, miR-654-5p was mechanistically verified to target Grb-2-related adaptor protein (GRAP), accompanied by the activation of Ras/MAPK signaling and the facilitation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in OSCC cells. GRAP was downregulated in T1-2 stage versus T3-4 stage head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) and was negatively correlated with tumor-node-metastases (TNM) stage in HNSC patients based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) analysis. In addition, GRAP was positively correlated with good prognosis in HNSC patients. Our findings suggest that the miR-654-5p/GRAP/Ras/Erk signaling pathway in OSCC cells might contribute to the underlying mechanism through which miR-654-5p participates in the regulation of OSCC progression. miR-654-5p, as a potential biomarker for the clinical diagnosis and prognosis of OSCC, may be an effective anticancer target for the treatment of OSCC.
Owing to the popularization of coating technology, physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) coated tools have become indispensable in the cutting process. Additionally, the post-treatment of coated tools ...applied to industrial production can effectively enhance the surface quality of coating. To improve the processing performance of coated tools, micro abrasive slurry jet (MASJ) polishing technology is first applied to the post-treatment of coated tools. Subsequently, the effects of process parameters on the surface quality and cutting thickness of coating are investigated via single-factor experiments. In the experiment, the best surface roughness is obtained by setting the working pressure to 0.4 MPa, particle size to 3 μm, incidence angle to 30°, and abrasive mass concentration to 100 g/L. Based on the results of the single-factor experiments, combination experiments are designed, and three types of coated tools with different surface qualities and coating thicknesses are obtained. The MASJ process for the post-treatment of coated tools is investigated based on a tool wear experiment and the effects of cutting parameters on the cutting force and workpiece surface quality of three types of cutting tools. The result indicates that MASJ machining can effectively improve the machining performance of coated tools.
When machining the pocket of a mould in high-speed milling mode, the tool load at a pocket’s narrow area or corner may sharply increase because of the presence of a higher amount of material to be ...cut. A trochoidal machining method considering milling force, machining tool, and pocket geometry is proposed in this paper. First, a method for the geometric modeling of the engagement angle in trochoidal machining is proposed. Maximum and mean values of the milling force are analysed; meanwhile, the corresponding relationship between the milling force curve and the engagement angle curve during the trochoidal machining process is analysed. Based on fundamental experiments on trochoidal machining, results for the milling force and tool wear are obtained; then, a proper control strategy for cavity trochoidal milling machining is proposed. Based on this control strategy for trochoidal milling machining, two realisations of cavity trochoidal milling machining are proposed. Finally, comparison experiments on cavity machining are conducted. Compared with the feedrate adjustment method, trochoidal machining provides better control over the milling force and tool wear at corners and narrow slots. The milling force and machining vibrations are smaller, and the tool wear is substantially reduced.
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•Exploration of a new sterilization method.•Reduced bacterial adhesion by synergistic structural and physical washing effects.•Fabrication of the surface structure by femtosecond ...laser.•LIPSS surface and ultrasonic washing greatly decreased S. aureus adhesion.
Staphylococcus aureus infection is common in the clinical environment. It has been shown that the presence of micro/nano structures on material surfaces promote bacterial adhesion resistance. Herein, we assessed the S. aureus adhesion properties on laser micro/nano structured stainless-steel (316 L) surfaces after mechanical rotation and ultrasonic washing. The interaction force between S. aureus and structured surfaces was evaluated. A high concentration S. aureus solution was used to evaluate the bacterial sterilization efficiency after film formation on the stainless-steel surface. After 24 h of incubation, S. aureus films were formed on material surfaces. The comparison of static washing, surface mechanical rotation, and ultrasonic washing showed a decrease of S. aureus adhesion on the polished and laser induced periodic surface structures. However, S. aureus adhesion on the micro/nanoparticle surface after mechanical rotation washing did not display any obvious change compared to the polished one. Additionally, specimens after ultrasonic cleaning showed clear antibacterial adhesion than mechanical rotation. After the ultrasonic sterilization process, the laser induced periodic laser surface sample showed optimal bacterial adhesion inhibition. Finally, in vitro tests showed that the biocompatibility of the laser-induced structured surface did not change significantly from the polished surface one.
Tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) are vital constituents in mediating cell‐to‐cell communication within the tumor microenvironment. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the interplay ...between TAMs and tumor cells that guide cell fate are largely undetermined. Extracellular vesicles, also known as exosomes, which are derived from TAMs, are the components exerting regulatory effects. Thus, understanding the underlying mechanism of “onco‐vesicles” is of crucial importance for prostate cancer (PCa) therapy. In this study, we analyzed micro RNA sequences in exosomes released by THP‐1 and M2 macrophages and found a significant increase in miR‐95 levels in TAM‐derived exosomes, demonstrating the direct uptake of miR‐95 by recipient PCa cells. In vitro and in vivo loss‐of‐function assays suggested that miR‐95 could function as a tumor promoter by directly binding to its downstream target gene, JunB, to promote PCa cell proliferation, invasion, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition. The clinical data analyses further revealed that higher miR‐95 expression results in worse clinicopathological features. Collectively, our results demonstrated that TAM‐mediated PCa progression is partially attributed to the aberrant expression of miR‐95 in TAM‐derived exosomes, and the miR‐95/JunB axis provides the groundwork for research on TAMs to further develop more‐personalized therapeutic approaches for patients with PCa.
Our results demonstrated that TAM‐mediated prostate cancer (PCa) progression is partially attributed to the aberrant expression of miR‐95 in TAM‐derived exosomes, and the miR‐95/JunB axis provides the groundwork for research on tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) to further develop more‐personalized therapeutic approaches for patients with PCa.
Capsule endoscopy is a procedure that uses a tiny wireless camera inside a capsule endoscope to capture pictures of the patient's gastrointestinal tract for diagnosis. Gastrointestinal examination ...has been revolutionized by capsule endoscope owing to its simplicity and non-invasiveness. However, at this stage, the capsule endoscope has a weak controllable locomotion capability and does not have extended functions such as biopsy, localization, and therapeutics, which has become the main obstacle to expanding its application. The use of an external magnetic field to actuate the capsule endoscope has the advantages of simple response structure inside the capsule and remote energy supply, which can expand the above-mentioned functions of the capsule endoscope and develop into a multifunctional capsule robot. This paper analyzes two types of magnetic actuation systems for magnetically actuated capsule robots, discusses research on the functions of magnetically actuated capsule robots in active locomotion, anchoring, biopsy, localization, therapeutics, wireless power supply, and multi-capsule robot collaboration, and points out the existing problems and future development directions of magnetically actuated capsule robots.
