Draft Endorsed by the FEEDAP Panel
*
18 May 2017
Submitted for public consultation
15 June 2017
End of public consultation
15 September 2017
Adopted by the FEEDAP Panel
21 February 2018
...Implementation date
1 September 2018
* Sections 3.1 and 3.2 were also endorsed by the EFSA Panel on Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO), EFSA Panel on Food Contact Materials, Enzymes, Flavourings and Processing Aids (CEF) and EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources Added to Food (ANS) on 18 May (GMO) and 7 June (CEF and ANS) 2017.
This guidance document is intended to assist the applicant in the preparation and the presentation of an application, as foreseen in Article 7.6 of Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003, for the authorisation of additives for use in animal nutrition. It specifically covers the characterisation of microorganisms used as feed additives or as production organisms.
This publication is linked to the following EFSA Supporting Publications article: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.2903/sp.efsa.2018.EN-1389/full
This guidance document is intended to assist the applicant in the preparation and the presentation of an application, as foreseen in Article 7.6 of Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003, for the authorisation ...of additives for use in animal nutrition. It specifically covers the assessment of the efficacy of feed additives.
Draft Endorsed by the FEEDAP Panel
28 November 2018
Submitted for public consultation
4 December 2017
End of public consultation
28 January 2018
Adoption by the FEEDAP Panel
17 April 2018
Implementation date
1 September 2018
This publication is linked to the following EFSA Supporting Publications article: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.2903/sp.efsa.2018.EN-1411/full
Table: see text.
This guidance document is intended to assist the applicant in the preparation and the presentation of an application, as foreseen in Article 7.6 of Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003, for ...the authorisation of additives for use in animal nutrition. It specifically covers the assessment of the safety for the target species.
Table: see text.
This guidance document is intended to assist the applicant in the preparation and the presentation of an application, as foreseen in Article 7.6 of Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003, for ...the authorisation of additives for use in animal nutrition. It specifically covers the identity, characterisation and conditions of use of the additives.
Table: see text.
This guidance document is intended to assist the applicant in the preparation and the presentation of an application, as foreseen in Article 7.6 of Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003, for ...the authorisation of additives for use in animal nutrition. It specifically covers the assessment of the safety for the consumer.
l‐Glutamic acid, N,N‐diacetic acid, tetrasodium salt (GLDA‐Na4) (Kelforce®) is sought to be used as a zootechnical feed additive in chickens for fattening to improve the absorption of zinc from feed, ...reducing zinc emissions through manure and thus, affecting favourably the environment. The product has not been authorised in the European Union as a feed additive. Kelforce® is intended to be marketed as a liquid and solid formulation, containing ≥ 47% and ≥ 30% of GLDA‐Na4, respectively. Kelforce® is safe for chickens for fattening at the maximum level of 1,000 mg GLDA‐Na4/kg complete feed. Based on the toxicological profile of GLDA‐Na4 and the consumer exposure to GLDA‐Na4 and to nitrilotriacetic acid trisodium salt (NTA‐Na3; an impurity of the additive), the use of Kelforce® at the maximum proposed level in feed of chickens for fattening is of no concern for consumer safety. Due to its low inhalation toxicity, the exposure to GLDA‐Na4 is unlikely to pose a risk by inhalation. However, owing to the high‐dusting potential of the solid formulation, a risk from such high level of dust, even if toxicologically inert, cannot be excluded. Kelforce® is not a skin/eye irritant or skin sensitiser. No risks for the terrestrial compartment were identified at the maximum use level of the additive. Risks for the aquatic compartment cannot be excluded based on the secondary effect of the additive on green algae. In the absence of data, the Panel cannot conclude on the safety for the sediment compartment or the possible ground water contamination. The risk of bioaccumulation and secondary poisoning caused by the additive is considered very low. Owing to the inconsistent and conflicting results from the studies assessed, the Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) cannot conclude on the efficacy of the additive. The Panel made a recommendation regarding the levels of formaldehyde and cyanide in the active substance.
Sodium and potassium alginate are intended to be used as technological additives (functional groups: emulsifiers, stabilisers, thickeners, gelling agents and binders). Sodium alginate is intended to ...be used in feedingstuffs for pets, other non food‐producing animals and fish, with no maximum recommended use level. Potassium alginate is intended to be used in feedingstuffs for cats and dogs at levels up to 40,000 mg/kg feed (on dry matter). Since the functional properties of the additives are determined by the alginate content, sodium and potassium alginate were considered equivalent. The maximum dose considered safe for cats, dogs, other non food‐producing animals, salmonids and other fish is 40,000 mg alginates (sodium and potassium salts)/kg complete feed. The use of alginates in feedingstuffs for fish is of no concern for the consumer. Alginates are reported not to be irritant to the skin but mildly irritant to the eyes. They are considered as potential sensitisers to the skin and the respiratory tract. Alginates are high‐molecular‐weight polymers naturally occurring in brown algae. Their use in feedingstuffs for fish does not pose a risk for the aquatic environment. Alginates are effective as stabilisers, thickeners, gelling agent and binders. No conclusion could be drawn on the efficacy of alginates as emulsifiers.
Sodium saccharin is intended to be used as a sweetener in feed and water for drinking for piglets, pigs for fattening and veal calves. The Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal ...Feed (FEEDAP) considers the proposed maximum use level of 150 mg sodium saccharin/kg feed as safe for calves and pigs for fattening. For piglets (sucking and weaned piglets), a lower level of 100 mg sodium saccharin/kg complete feed is considered safe. The corresponding maximum safe concentrations in water for drinking are 30 mg/L for piglets and 50 mg/L for pigs for fattening, respectively. The maximum safe concentrations of sodium saccharin in feed and water for drinking are derived under the premise that only one source, feed or water for drinking, contains the additive. The FEEDAP Panel concludes that no concern for the consumer would result from the use of sodium saccharin in feed and water for drinking at the dose considered safe for the target species. The precautions for handling the product proposed by the applicant are considered to be sufficient to ensure user safety. The FEEDAP Panel concludes that the use of sodium saccharin at the dose considered safe for target species is unlikely to have detrimental effects on the terrestrial and freshwater compartments. The high mobility and relative persistence of saccharin and the high persistency of its degradation product 4‐hydroxysaccharin indicate that groundwater contamination above 0.1 μg/L is likely to occur. Since the function of sodium saccharin in feed for the target species is essentially the same as that in food, the FEEDAP Panel concludes that no demonstration of efficacy is necessary.
The additive is a natural mixture of talc and chlorite (NTMC) that contains at least 75% of talc and chlorite as main components. The additive is intended for use as a technological additive ...(functional groups: (i) anticaking agents) in premixtures and feedingstuffs for all animal species at use levels of 1,000–50,000 mg/kg. No safe dietary level of NMTC could be identified for piglets, chickens for fattening and dairy cows. The use of NMTC in animal nutrition is considered not to pose a risk for the consumer of animal tissues and products from animals fed the additive. Talc could cause serious lung disease if repeatedly inhaled in large quantities over a long period. Talc is not irritant to skin and eyes. In the absence of data, no conclusion can be drawn on the skin sensitisation potential of the product. The components of the additive (talc, chlorite, dolomite and magnesite) are ubiquitous in the environment, being natural components of soil. Therefore, it is not expected that its use as a feed additive would adversely affect the environment. The additive NMTC is efficacious as an anticaking agent.
The additive consists of single strains of Bacillus subtilis and Aspergillus oryzae, to be used in combination as a technological additive (proposed functional group: Substances for the reduction of ...anti‐nutritional factors) in feed materials for all animal species. An opinion on the two microorganisms was published previously. At this time, the safety of the B. subtilis strain for target animals, consumers, users and the environment was established, but no conclusions could be draw on the safety of the strain of A. oryzae for the target species and consumers or on the efficacy of the additive in reducing anti‐nutritional factors. This opinion considers new information intended to address the identified deficiencies in the previous opinion. An extensive analytical search for secondary metabolites was made of the A. oryzae component of the additive and 15 metabolites were detected and quantified. Of the 15 metabolites, 13 occurred in ng/g additive concentrations and were considered not to be of concern. The remaining two compounds, cyclic dipeptides (2,5‐diketopiperazines), were detected at concentrations up to 1.5 mg/kg. Both have been identified in a wide range of foods and beverages and there appears to be no reports of adverse reactions to such cyclic dipeptides in processed food. Consequently, none of the metabolites detected were considered likely to cause adverse effects in target animals fed treated feed material or in consumers of products derived from such animals. Data from the analysis of 18 batches of soybean before and after treatment with the two strains were presented in support of the efficacy of the additive. Two classes of anti‐nutritional factors were considered; oligosaccharides of the raffinose series and trypsin inhibitor. The microbial strains in combination were able to substantially reduce the concentration of oligosaccharides and trypsin inhibitor naturally present in soybean. Other feed materials were not considered.