In accessible, eminently practical language, this book defines MBC for professionals across the spectrum of behavioral health care and human services; delves into research methods, basic statistics, ...and data management; and even features a compendium of assessments for busy clinicians to reference, listed and organized by mental health concern.
Identification of capacitor switching transient location provides valuable insight into the state of the associated equipment. Machine learning (ML) models, and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) ...in particular, have demonstrated remarkable performance in signal location. However, ML models are data driven whose predictions are affected by noise in data and may also suffer from large extrapolation errors when applied to new conditions. Uncertainty quantification (UQ) is necessary to ensure model trustworthiness and avoid overconfident predictions in extrapolation. In this work, we propose a novel UQ method, called PI3NN, to quantify prediction uncertainty of ML models and integrate the method with CNNs for transient source location. PI3NN calculates Prediction Intervals by training 3 Neural Networks and uses root-finding methods to determine the interval precisely. Additionally, PI3NN can identify out-of-distribution (OOD) data in a nonstationary condition to avoid overconfident prediction. Results indicate that with PI3NN, transient signals are not only correctly identified, but when said signals are subject to corruptions characteristic of an actual power monitoring system (e.g non-ideal sensors), the model recognizes when it is uncertain about its predictions, effectively letting the user know when to accept or discard the results.
Switchable polarity solvents (SPS), mixtures of carbon dioxide, water, and tertiary amines, are presented as viable forward osmosis (FO) draw solutes allowing a novel SPS FO process. In this study ...substantial osmotic strengths of SPS are measured with freezing point osmometry and were demonstrated to induce competitive fluxes at high salt concentrations on a laboratory-scale FO unit utilizing a flat sheet cellulose triacetate (CTA) membrane. Under the experimental conditions the SPS degrades the CTA membrane; however experiments with polyamide reverse osmosis (RO) membranes display stability towards SPS. Once the draw is diluted the major fraction of the switchable polarity solvent can be mechanically separated from the purified water after polar to nonpolar phase shift induced by introduction of 1atm carbon dioxide to 1atm of air or nitrogen with mild heating. Trace amounts of SPS can be removed from the separated water with RO in a process that avoids solution concentration polarization. The separated nonpolar phase can be regenerated to a full strength draw and recycled with the re-addition of 1atm of carbon dioxide.
► Switchable polarity solvents (SPS) are novel draw solutes for forward osmosis. ► SPS draws provide high osmotic strengths, >13Osm/kg. ► SPS draws provide high FO fluxes. ► SPS draws provide positive flux even at high feed concentrations (5.0mol/kg NaCl). ► SPS draws are easily recycled and trace amounts of SPS removed with reverse osmosis.
Despite the salience of monitoring in self-regulated learning (SRL) and foreign and/or second language (L2) speech production in non-testing conditions, little is known about the metacognitive ...construct in testing contexts and its effects on learner performance. Given the reciprocal effects between L2 testing and L2 learning, a research effort in monitoring working in speaking tests, in particular computer-delivered integrated speaking tests, a testing format that has been advocated as an internal part of L2 classroom instruction and represents the future direction of L2 testing, is warranted. This study, therefore, serves as such an effort through investigating the use of monitoring by 95 Chinese English as foreign language (EFL) learners on a self-reported questionnaire after they performed three computer-delivered integrated speaking test tasks. Descriptive analysis followed by Hierarchical Linear Modelling (HLM) testing reveals that monitoring was used in a high-frequency manner, but it exerted no substantial effects on learner performance. Primarily, the results are expected to provide pedagogical implications for SRL: while fostering self-regulating learners, especially self-monitoring L2 speakers, it is necessary for L2 teachers to purposefully reduplicate testing conditions in their classroom instructions for helping the self-regulating learners be equally self-regulating test-takers. Moreover, the results are hoped to offer some insights into L2 testing through the perspective of self-monitoring, one proposed component of strategic competence, a construct that has been extensively acknowledged to reflect the essence of L2 testing.
Short's assertion that Peirce lacked a cohesive philosophical system is critically examined, and the interconnectedness of Peirce's 1884-1893 "cosmology" with other aspects of his work is explored, ...countering Short's claims of its limited systematic relevance. Additionally, Short's claim that Peirce "expanded empiricism empirically" is scrutinized, and his interpretation of Peirce's account of perception is criticized. By contrasting Short's anti-system reading, I highlight the importance of studying Peirce's philosophy holistically.
The switchable polarity solvent (SPS) 1-cyclohexylpiperidine (CHP) was demonstrated as a viable draw solute for osmotically driven membrane processes. The SPS draw solution was formed from a ...heterogeneous mixture of water and water immiscible CHP was exposed to carbon dioxide to form concentrated aqueous ammonium bicarbonate solution with high osmotic pressure (>500atm). The free amine and ammonium bicarbonate solution has been demonstrated to be compatible with a polyamide thin film composite membrane through a variety of transport experiments. The reverse solute flux, Js, of CHP appears to occur by a different mechanism than the water flux Jw. This difference suggests that Js could be minimized in future membranes without impacting Jw. To demonstrate product water recovery, the solution was “degassed” removing carbon dioxide and converting the aqueous ammonium bicarbonate solute to a water immiscible CHP which can be decanted from water. Effective degassing ammonium bicarbonate solutions at low concentrations occurs at the lowest temperature of any SPS yet studied as a draw solute (70°C) and possibly at the lowest temperature of any thermolytic amine studied as a draw solute.
Display omitted
•CHP–H2CO3 is a high osmotic pressure thermolytic draw solute.•CHP–H2CO3 solutions produce relatively high forward osmosis water fluxes.•Low grade heat should be sufficient to degas CHP–H2CO3 solutions.•CHP–H2CO3 solutions display good material/membrane compatibility.•Water flux and reverse draw solute flux of CHP–H2CO3 occur by different mechanisms.
Using an assemblage of four ice cores collected around the Pacific basin, one of the first basinwide histories of Pacific climate variability has been created. This ice core–derived index of the ...interdecadal Pacific oscillation (IPO) incorporates ice core records from South America, the Himalayas, the Antarctic Peninsula, and northwestern North America. The reconstructed IPO is annually resolved and dates to 1450 CE. The IPO index compares well with observations during the instrumental period and with paleo-proxy assimilated datasets throughout the entire record, which indicates a robust and temporally stationary IPO signal for the last ∼550 years. Paleoclimate reconstructions from the tropical Pacific region vary greatly during the Little Ice Age (LIA), although the reconstructed IPO index in this study suggests that the LIA was primarily defined by a weak, negative IPO phase and hence more La Niña–like conditions. Although the mean state of the tropical Pacific Ocean during the LIA remains uncertain, the reconstructed IPO reveals some interesting dynamical relationships with the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ). In the current warm period, a positive (negative) IPO coincides with an expansion (contraction) of the seasonal latitudinal range of the ITCZ. This relationship is not stationary, however, and is virtually absent throughout the LIA, suggesting that external forcing, such as that from volcanoes and/or reduced solar irradiance, could be driving either the ITCZ shifts or the climate dominating the ice core sites used in the IPO reconstruction.
•Developed a mix design method for fly ash geopolymer concrete using MARS model.•Key variables are water/solid, activator/fly ash, Na2SiO3/NaOH and NaOH molarity.•Contour plots can be used to design ...fly ash geopolymer concrete mix proportions.•Targeted 28-day strength from 30 MPa to 55 MPa achieved in laboratory experiments.
Many research studies have been conducted during recent years on the topic of geopolymer materials based on the engineering performance of the concrete. What has been missing is the combination of this research in a way that would provide a simple to use design tool for geopolymer concrete as a replacement to concrete based on Portland Cement. This research paper addresses this requirement for developing a standard mix design method for Class F, low calcium fly ash based geopolymer concrete using Multivariate Adaptive Regression Spline (MARS) model. Published geopolymer concrete research data was combined into a database and analysed to give the ratios of water/solid, alkaline activator/fly ash, Na2SiO3/NaOH, and NaOH molarity. Targeted compressive strengths ranging from 30 MPa to 55 MPa at 28 days were achieved with laboratory experiments, using the proposed MARS mix design methodology. Thus, this tool has the capability to provide a novel approach for the design of geopolymer concrete mixes to achieve the desired compressive strength appropriate for the construction requirement.
Over the past two decades the primary driver of mass loss from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) has been warm ocean water underneath coastal ice shelves, not a warmer atmosphere. Yet, surface melt ...occurs sporadically over low-lying areas of the WAIS and is not fully understood. Here we report on an episode of extensive and prolonged surface melting observed in the Ross Sea sector of the WAIS in January 2016. A comprehensive cloud and radiation experiment at the WAIS ice divide, downwind of the melt region, provided detailed insight into the physical processes at play during the event. The unusual extent and duration of the melting are linked to strong and sustained advection of warm marine air toward the area, likely favoured by the concurrent strong El Niño event. The increase in the number of extreme El Niño events projected for the twenty-first century could expose the WAIS to more frequent major melt events.
PDF
