Measuring height for age is one of the essential indicators for evaluating children's growth. The study analyzes the association between maternal education and stunting among children under two years ...in Indonesia. The study employed secondary data from the 2017 Indonesia Nutritional Status Monitoring Survey. The unit of analysis was children under two years, and the study obtained weighted samples of 70,293 children. Besides maternal education, other independent variables analyzed in this study were residence, maternal age, maternal marital status, maternal employment, children's age, and gender. In the final stage, the study occupied a multivariate test by binary logistic regression test. The results show the proportion of stunted children under two years in Indonesia nationally is 20.1%. Mothers in primary school and under education categories are 1.587 times more likely than mothers with a college education to have stunted children under two years (95% CI 1.576-1.598). Meanwhile, mothers with a junior high school education have a chance of 1.430 times more than mothers with a college education to have stunted children under two years (95% CI 1.420-1.440). Moreover, mothers with education in the senior high school category have 1.230 times more chances than mothers with a college education to have stunted children under two years (95% CI 1.222-1.238). The study concluded that the maternal education level was associated with stunting children under two years in Indonesia. The lower the mother's level of education, the higher the chances of a mother having stunted children under two years.
Iron deficiency anemia disrupts the concentration of adolescent girls; reduce their academic achievement, productivity, and physical strength and increases the risk of infection. The nutrition ...education program about anemia is needed to increase nutritional awareness among students. This community service aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of nutrition education among female students of High School in Samarinda, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. There were two interventions: health education using video among 128 students in in high school and health education using leaflet among 11 students in the boarding school. A pretest/posttest was conducted to evaluate the knowledge about anemia. Independent sample t-test was used to compare difference between the before and after interventions. Health educations of using video or leaflet increased students’ anemia knowledge. A school health program could improve student’ anemia knowledge. It is very important for school to have collaboration with primary health center, university and other instituions for the health education program. Including nutrition education program to the curriculum of high school is important to prevent malnutrition among female adolescents.
Purpose
Knowledge about polyphenols intakes and their determinants among adolescents might be helpful for planning targeted prevention strategies at an early age.
Methods
In the European multicenter ...cross-sectional HELENA study of 2006–2007, 2428 subjects (47% boys) had data on dietary intake of polyphenols from 2 non-consecutive 24 h recalls via linking with the Phenol-Explorer database. Differences by sex, age, country, BMI, maternal education, paternal education, family affluence, smoking status, alcohol use, and physical activity were explored by linear regression.
Results
Median, lower and upper quartiles of polyphenol intakes were 326, 167 and 564 mg/day, respectively. Polyphenol intake was significantly higher in the oldest (16–17.49 years), girls, non-Mediterranean countries, lowest BMI, highest paternal education, and alcohol consumers. Main food contributors were fruit (23%, mainly apple and pear, i.e., 16.3%); chocolate products (19.2%); and fruit and vegetable juices (15.6%). Main polyphenol classes were flavonoids (75–76% of total) and phenolic acids (17–19% of total). The three most consumed polyphenols were proanthocyanidin polymers (> 10 mers), hesperidin, and proanthocyanidin 4–6 oligomers.
Conclusion
The current study provided for the first time numbers on the total polyphenol intake and their main food sources in a heterogeneous group of European adolescents. Major differences with adult populations are the lower polyphenol consumption and the major food sources, such as chocolate and biscuits. The discussed determinants and polyphenol types already point to some important population groups that need to be targeted in future public health initiatives.
Weekly Iron Folic Acid supplementation/WIFAS program for adolescent girls is an effective strategy for preventing anemia. However, in Indonesia, only 1,4% adhere to taking WIFAS. This study aimed to ...discover the factors related to adolescent girls’ adherence to consuming WIFAS in East Kalimantan. The design of this study was cross-sectional, using a purposive sampling technique to find a sample of 825 adolescent girls. The research location was the East Kalimantan Provincial Health Office from November 15 to December 15, 2021. The analytical method uses the Chi-Square test and binary logistic regression test. The results showed that the level of adherence to the consumption of iron folic acid for adolescents girl was 17,6%. The factors related to the adherence of adolescent girls in consuming WIFAS in East Kalimantan were the area of residence (p=0,023), hemoglobin check (р=0,0001), access to information on iron-folic acid (p=0,014), received/purchased iron-folic acid (p=0,000), knowledge (p=0,010) and the use of the Cegah Anemia Remaja Indonesia (CERIA) application (р=0,0001). Based on reg log analysis, factors such as having received/purchased iron WIFAS, Hb checks, knowledge, and use of the CERIA application were associated with adolescent girls’ adherence to WIFAS. In conclusion, adolescent girls with regular WIFAS consumption were easier to get WIFA, check Hb, have good knowledge and use the CERIA application. These findings suggest the need to carry out hemoglobin checks on adolescent girls, increase the availability of WIFAS and socialize the use of the CERIA app.
Purpose
The role of polyphenol intake during adolescence to prevent metabolic syndrome (MetS) is little explored. This study aimed to evaluate the association between intake of total polyphenols, ...polyphenol classes and the 10 most consumed individual polyphenols with MetS risk in European adolescents.
Methods
Of the cross-sectional HELENA study, 657 adolescents (54% girls; 14.8% overweight; 12.5–17.5 year) had a fasting blood sample and polyphenol intake data from two non-consecutive 24-h recalls matched with the Phenol-Explorer database. MetS was defined via the pediatric American Heart Association definition. Multilevel linear regressions examined the associations of polyphenol quartiles with MetS components, while logistic regression examined the associations with MetS risk.
Results
After adjusting for all potential confounders (socio-demographics and nine nutrients), total polyphenol intake, polyphenol classes and individual polyphenols were not associated with MetS risk. From all MetS components, only BMI
z
-score was modestly inversely associated with total polyphenol intake. Further sub analyses on polyphenol classes revealed that flavonoid intake was significantly associated with higher diastolic blood pressure and lower BMI, and phenolic acid intake was associated with higher low-density cholesterol. For individual polyphenols, the above BMI findings were often confirmed (not independent from dietary intake) and a few associations were found with insulin resistance.
Conclusion
Higher intakes of total polyphenols and flavonoids were inversely associated with BMI. No consistent associations were found for other MetS components.
Sejak tahun 2000 pos pelayanan terpadu (posyandu) telah berkembang baik, tetapi kekurangan dana dan pelatihan mengalami penurunan kinerja akibat krisis ekonomi. Hal tersebut terlihat pada penurunan ...kunjungan dan drop out kader yang menghadapi banyak tugas, besar cakupan, dan kurang mampu merespon tuntutan masyarakat. Pedoman World Health Organization (WHO) terakhir menyatakan bahwa untuk menjamin keberlanjutan program jangka panjang, kader perlu dibayar. Kabupaten Penajam Paser Utara memberikan insentif kader terbesar di Indonesia. Studi inimengkaji peningkatan kinerja kader posyandu di Kabupaten Penajam Paser Utara pada tahun 2010 akibat pemberian insentif uang tunai. Penelitian kualitatif yang menggunakan rancangan fenomenologi ini menghimpun data 18 orang meliputi 15 orang dari instansi pemerintah dan 3 orang kader. Studi dengan metode analisis isi ini menemukan bahwa pemerintah memberikan uang sebagai insentif bagi kader menyebabkan kader bersemangat dalam bekerja dan berkompetisi. Pemerintah terlihat sangat berperan meningkatkan kinerja kader, tetapi masyarakat masih kurangberperan. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa insentif uang tunai dapat meningkatkan kinerja kader posyandu.Kata kunci: Insentif, kinerja, kader, posyanduAbstractSince 2000 Posyandu has grown well, but its performance was declining as indicated by the decreasing of visitors as well as the cadres because economic crisis. The problems within the cadres include excess workload and area to be covered and lack of capability to respond to the community demand.The latest guidelines of World Health Organization (WHO) identified that cadres incentive is needed for the long term sustainability. Penajam Paser Utara which gave the highest incentive in Indonesia for its cadres. This study was aimed to explore in depth the Penajam Paser Utara cadres performance improvement in 2010 in relation to financial incentives. This isa qualitative study using phenomenologic design. Informants were 18 persons origined from the government office and 3 cadres. Data were obtained through indepth interview and analysis using content analysis. The result showed that the government provided financial incentive for cadres recognition and posyandu revitalization. Financial incentive was found motivated the cadres to work and enhance their competence. Although the government had played role in improving cadres performance, yet the community still had limited participation. It could be concluded that financial incentive could improve performance of posyandu cadres.Key words: Incentive, performance, cadre, posyandu
Hypertension and diabetes serve as significant risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Nutrition education plays a pivotal role in both preventing and managing these conditions. By promoting healthy ...eating behaviors and encouraging regular exercise, nutrition education can significantly reduce the likelihood of developing these chronic diseases and enhance overall health outcomes. The volunteering project's primary objective is to enhance knowledge about hypertension and diabetes to prevent and manage these conditions in Sepaku, Penajam Paser Utara, East Kalimantan, while also understanding the underlying causes of hypertension and diabetes. Implementation involves conducting lectures utilizing PowerPoint presentations, facilitating discussions, and conducting measurements of glucose levels, blood pressure, weight, and height. Before and after nutrition education, measurements of knowledge about hypertension and diabetes were conducted, with paired t-test analysis. The result of the activity is that participants gained significant information and increased their knowledge about the causes, prevention and treatment of hypertension and diabetes. Therefore, the importance of regular activities in increasing awareness in the prevention and treatment of hypertension and diabetes.
The government has developed initiatives to restrictive activity during the COVID-19 pandemic, which have led to changes in lifestyle habits, especially those involving physical activity and food ...consumption. Changes of physical activity and ultra-processed foods consumption have occurred in several countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. The changing of lifestyle might affect obesity that 32.5% of the population (>18 years) in Samarinda, East Kalimantan, Indonesia are obese. Good eating behaviours in the early stages of life and adolescence can influence the current health status and the predisposition to non-communicable diseases in adulthood. Therefore, this cross-sectional study with 378 college students aimed to determine changes of physical activity and ultra-processed foods consumption in college students during restrictive activity in the COVID-19 pandemic. Data was collected using an online questionnaire for two months. Further, data was analyzed using Wilcoxon and chi-square test with 95% confidence level (α= 0.05). This study showed that the prevalence of normal nutritional status was 60.1%, inactive physical activity status was 89.4%, and the consumption level of ultra-low processed foods was 82.5%. Statistical tests obtained p-value differences in physical activity (p=<0.001) and differences in ultra-processed food consumption (p=0.034) before and after the restrictive activity in the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, mother's educational level (p=0.004) and the number of occupants in the house (p=0.001) significantly affected the consumption of ultra-processed foods.
We evaluated the association between intake of total polyphenols, polyphenol classes and the 10 most consumed individual polyphenols with serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in 749 European ...adolescents (53% girls; 15% overweight; 12.5-17.5 years-old) from the cross-sectional HELENA study of 2006-2007. Dietary polyphenol intake was calculated from two non-consecutive 24-h recalls matched with the Phenol-Explorer database. Multilevel linear models examined the associations between dietary polyphenols and TAC. Polyphenol intake was rather low (median = 321mg/day; p25 = 158; p75 = 536) and TAC was comparable to other literature findings (median = 1.57 mmol/L; p25 = 1.45; p75 = 1.74). Total polyphenol intake, polyphenol classes and the top 10 compounds were not associated with TAC in a linear, quadratic or cubic way in partially or fully confounder-adjusted models. A direct anti-oxidative effect of dietary polyphenol intake was not observed in European adolescents. Polyphenol biomarkers and additional antioxidant measures are needed in future prospective studies to confirm these results.
Although high dietary polyphenol intake is negatively associated with risk of certain inflammation-associated chronic diseases, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood and few studies have ...explored this in adolescents.
This study aimed to evaluate the association between intakes of total polyphenols, polyphenol classes, and the 10 most commonly consumed individual polyphenols with inflammatory biomarkers in the blood of European adolescents.
In the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) Study, 526 adolescents (54% girls; 12.5–17.5 y) had data on inflammatory biomarkers and polyphenol intake from 2 nonconsecutive 24-h recalls via matching with the Phenol-Explorer database. Inflammatory biomarkers in serum were IL-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), TNF-α, IFN-γ, soluble vascular adhesion molecule 1 (sVCAM-1), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1), soluble E-selectin (sE-selectin), white blood cells, lymphocytes, T cells, and C-reactive protein. Multilevel linear models were used to test associations of polyphenol intake with a pro/anti-inflammatory biomarker ratio (zTNF-α + zIL-6 + zIL-1)/3/zIL-10 as well as with separate inflammatory biomarkers, adjusted for sociodemographic variables, diet inflammation index, BMI z score, and serum triglycerides.
The pro/anti-inflammatory biomarker ratio was linearly inversely associated with the intake of total polyphenols (β = –0.11, P = 0.040). When other inflammation biomarkers were considered, the serum IL-10 concentration was inversely associated with total polyphenol (β = –0.12, P = 0.017) and flavonoid (β = –0.12, P = 0.013) intakes, findings that were inconsistent with the biomarker ratio results. However, the anti-inflammatory capacity of polyphenols was confirmed by positive associations of IL-4 with phenolic acid (β = 0.09 P = 0.049) and stilbene (β = 0.13, P = 0.019) intakes and the negative association of IL-1, IL-2, and IFN-γ with lignan intake (β = –0.10, P = 0.034; β = –0.09, P = 0.049; β = –0.11, P = 0.023).
The negative relation with the overall pro/anti-inflammatory biomarker ratio suggests a potential anti-inflammatory role of high polyphenol intakes among European adolescents. Nevertheless, associations are dependent on polyphenol type and the inflammatory biomarker measured.
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