The COVID-19 crisis highlights a growing precarity in employment and the importance of employment for workers' well-being. Existing studies primarily examine the consequences of employment precarity ...through non-standard employment arrangements or the perception of job insecurity as a one-dimensional measure. Recent scholars advocate a multidimensional construct with a wide range of objective and subjective characteristics of precariousness. Using data from Eurofound's Living, Working, and COVID-19 surveys, I define employment precarity as the objective form of employment instability, as well as subjective terms of job insecurity and emotional precariousness. I also investigate whether and how various facets of employment precarity along with COVID-19 risk are associated with workers' mental and subjective well-being across 27 European Union member states during the pandemic. This study sheds light on a comprehensive understanding of objective and subjective dimensions of employment precarity, as well as their effects on workers' well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic.
A co-design of a wideband circularly polarized (CP) patch antenna is proposed in this paper. The patch antenna is seamlessly integrated with two bandpass filter networks consisting of one and two ...<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\lambda </tex-math></inline-formula>/2 resonators, respectively, which are designed to excite two orthogonal modes with equal magnitude and quadrature phase over a widened bandwidth. In co-design of this filtering antenna, the patch antenna is equivalently treated as the last-stage resonator and the output port of the filter network. In analysis of its far field, axial ratio (AR) of CP wave is mapped to its magnitude and phase responses. By simultaneously synthesizing the magnitude ratio and phase difference of the two filter networks' transmission coefficients to vary around 1° and 90°, respectively, wideband AR response with three minima is realized. Based on this design method and the theoretically derived results, a CP patch antenna prototype with a height of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">0.028\lambda _{0} </tex-math></inline-formula> is fabricated and measured. It is experimentally demonstrated that around 8.8%, bandwidth can be achieved with VSWR < 2, AR < 3 dB, and 3 dB gain variation.
Abstract
Background
The epigenetic regulation of immune response has been demonstrated in recent studies. Nonetheless, potential roles of RNA N6-methyladenosine (m
6
A) modification in tumor ...microenvironment (TME) cell infiltration remain unknown.
Methods
We comprehensively evaluated the m
6
A modification patterns of 1938 gastric cancer samples based on 21 m
6
A regulators, and systematically correlated these modification patterns with TME cell-infiltrating characteristics. The m6Ascore was constructed to quantify m
6
A modification patterns of individual tumors using principal component analysis algorithms.
Results
Three distinct m
6
A modification patterns were determined. The TME cell-infiltrating characteristics under these three patterns were highly consistent with the three immune phenotypes of tumors including immune-excluded, immune-inflamed and immune-desert phenotypes. We demonstrated the evaluation of m
6
A modification patterns within individual tumors could predict stages of tumor inflammation, subtypes, TME stromal activity, genetic variation, and patient prognosis. Low m6Ascore, characterized by increased mutation burden and activation of immunity, indicated an inflamed TME phenotype, with 69.4% 5-year survival. Activation of stroma and lack of effective immune infiltration were observed in the high m6Ascore subtype, indicating a non-inflamed and immune-exclusion TME phenotype, with poorer survival. Low m6Ascore was also linked to increased neoantigen load and enhanced response to anti-PD-1/L1 immunotherapy. Two immunotherapy cohorts confirmed patients with lower m6Ascore demonstrated significant therapeutic advantages and clinical benefits.
Conclusions
This work revealed the m
6
A modification played a nonnegligible role in formation of TME diversity and complexity. Evaluating the m
6
A modification pattern of individual tumor will contribute to enhancing our cognition of TME infiltration characterization and guiding more effective immunotherapy strategies.
Graphical abstract
In this paper, first of all, after extracting the character sequence information, a certain scale of the corpus is obtained by using a crawler, and a corpus in the field of ideological and political ...education, as well as a participle system, is constructed. Then, the sequence decoding problem is solved by combining the idea of dynamic programming, based on the word level N-gram language algorithm, to design and implement an efficient solution method and calculate the final result of the participle. Finally, the keywords of related literature are classified, the essential dimensions of ideological and political education can be derived, and the essence of ideological and political education is explored and analyzed by using the word division algorithm. The results show that the most important essence of ideological and political education is “educating people’s feelings” with a weight value of 0.46, and among the 24 secondary nodes, there are 19 items with coefficients of variation less than or equal to 0.3, which shows that the degree of consistency is high, indicating that the degree of importance of the essence of ideological and political education is also high.
A square patch antenna operating under TM 03 mode is proposed in this paper to realize gain enhancement, sidelobe reduction, and adjustable beamwidth by reshaping the surface current distribution on ...the patch resonator. On the one hand, by introducing transverse slots along the central line of patch, the medial part of out-of-phase longitudinal current is interrupted to circulate with little radiation. In this way, the patch serves as a full-wave dipole rather than a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">3\lambda </tex-math></inline-formula>/2 one, and thus, the sidelobe level (SLL) in the E-plane is substantially reduced. On the other hand, the slots are installed in proximity to the nonradiative edges and at the patch center, respectively, to arouse distinctive effect on the current densities across the width of patch. Consequently, the beamwidth in the H-plane can be freely adjusted by different configurations of these slots. At last, a square patch antenna with three cascaded slots loaded along the central line is designed, fabricated, and tested. The simulated and measured results show that the directivity of a single proposed patch antenna can achieve as high as 13.3 dB with the SLL reduced to about −20 dB.
The update of the Android system and the emergence of the dual-frequency GNSS chips enable smartphones to acquire dual-frequency GNSS observations. In this paper, the GPS L1/L5 and Galileo E1/E5a ...dual-frequency PPP (precise point positioning) algorithm based on RTKLIB and GAMP was applied to analyze the positioning performance of the Xiaomi Mi 8 dual-frequency smartphone in static and kinematic modes. The results showed that in the static mode, the RMS position errors of the dual-frequency smartphone PPP solutions in the E, N, and U directions were 21.8 cm, 4.1 cm, and 11.0 cm, respectively, after convergence to 1 m within 102 min. The PPP of dual-frequency smartphone showed similar accuracy with geodetic receiver in single-frequency mode, while geodetic receiver in dual-frequency mode has higher accuracy. In the kinematic mode, the positioning track of the smartphone dual-frequency data had severe fluctuations, the positioning tracks derived from the smartphone and the geodetic receiver showed approximately difference of 3-5 m.
This paper studies performance modeling of the IEEE 802.11p enhanced distributed channel access (EDCA) mechanism and develops performance models to analyze the access performance of the IEEE 802.11p ...EDCA mechanism. A 2-D Markov chain is first constructed to model the backoff procedure of an access category (AC) queue and establish a relationship between the transmission probability and collision probability of the AC queue. Then, a 1-D discrete-time Markov chain is constructed to model the contention period of an AC queue and establish another relationship between the transmission probability and collision probability of the AC queue. Unlike most existing work, the 1-D Markov chain is extended to be infinite in modeling the contention period of an AC queue under both saturated and nonsaturated conditions. The two Markov models take into account all major factors that could affect the access performance of the IEEE 802.11p EDCA mechanism, including the saturation condition, standard parameters, backoff counter freezing, and internal collision. Based on the two Markov models, performance models are further derived to describe the relationships between the parameters of an AC queue and the access performance of the AC queue in terms of the transmission probability, collision probability, normalized throughput, and average access delay, respectively. The effectiveness of the performance models are verified through simulation results.
Abstract Multi-drug resistance (MDR) has become the largest obstacle to the success of cancer chemotherapies. The mechanisms of MDR and the approaches to test MDR have been discovered, yet not fully ...understood. This review covers the in vivo and in vitro approaches for the detection of MDR in the laboratory and the mechanisms of MDR in cancers. This study also envisages the future developments toward the clinical and therapeutic applications of MDR in cancer treatment. Future therapeutics for cancer treatment will likely combine the existing therapies with drugs originated from MDR mechanisms such as anti-cancer stem cell drugs, anti-miRNA drugs or anti-epigenetic drugs. The challenges for the clinical detection of MDR will be to find new biomarkers and to determine new evaluation systems before the drug resistance emerges.
Where are the new herbicides? Qu, Ren‐Yu; He, Bo; Yang, Jing‐Fang ...
Pest management science,
June 2021, 2021-Jun, 2021-06-00, 20210601, Volume:
77, Issue:
6
Journal Article
PDF
