The purpose of this study is to examine how the emotion regulation strategy, cognitive reappraisal, affects the association between perceived stress and anxiety symptoms in COVID-19 isolated people. ...Data for this cross-sectional study come from a community-based online survey of COVID-19 isolated people (
N
= 328), who are not infected with the 2019-nCoV virus. We applied correlation and moderating effect for data analysis and found that cognitive reappraisal negatively moderated the relationship between perceived stress and anxiety symptoms. These results give us a new perspective on understanding the relationship between anxiety symptoms and perceived stress by clarifying the protective function of cognitive reappraisal. It buffers the induced negative emotion when COVID-19 isolated people perceive overpressure, and thus instigates future research into targeted clinical interventions, which aim to cultivate cognitive reappraisal skills for those isolated people in the face of stressful events or crisis events.
Composites based on recycled high density polyethylene (RHDPE) and natural fibers were made through melt blending and compression molding. The effects of the fibers (wood and bagasse) and coupling ...agent type/concentration on the composite properties were studied. The use of maleated polyethylene (MAPE), carboxylated polyethylene (CAPE), and titanium-derived mixture (TDM) improved the compatibility between the bagasse fiber and RHDPE, and mechanical properties of the resultant composites compared well with those of virgin HDPE composites. The modulus and impact strength of the composites had maxima with MAPE content increase. The composites had lower crystallization peak temperatures and wider crystalline temperature range than neat RHDPE, and their thermal stability was lower than RHDPE.
The creep behavior of bagasse-based composites with virgin and recycled polyvinyl chloride (B/PVC) and high density polyethylene (B/HDPE) as well as a commercial wood and HDPE composite decking ...material was investigated. The instantaneous deformation and creep rate of all composites at the same loading level increased at higher temperatures. At a constant load level, B/PVC composites had better creep resistance than B/HDPE systems at low temperatures. However, B/PVC composites showed greater temperature-dependence. Several creep models (i.e., Burgers model, Findley’s power law model, and a simpler two-parameter power law model) were used to fit the measured creep data. Time–temperature superposition (TTS) was attempted for long-term creep prediction. The four-element Burgers model and the two-parameter power law model fitted creep curves of the composites well. The TTS principle more accurately predicted the creep response of the PVC composites compared to the HDPE composites.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have changed the management of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, resistance is inevitable. The disease progression patterns, sequential treatment, and ...prognosis beyond ICI resistance are not completely understood.
We retrospectively analyzed stage IV NSCLC patients who underwent ICI treatment at Zhejiang Cancer Hospital between January 2016 and January 2020 and who suffered disease progression after at least stable disease on immunotherapy for more than 3 months (at least two cycles). Oligoprogression and systematic progression were defined as previous reports. The main outcome measures were progression-free survival (PFS), second PFS (PFS2), and overall survival (OS). Survival curves were plotted using the Kaplan-Meier method. The Cox proportional hazards model was used for multivariate analysis.
Totally 1,014 NSCLC patients were administered immunotherapy. Of them, 208 NSCLC patients were included in this retrospective study. The estimated PFS, PFS2 and OS were 6.3 months (95% CI 5.6-7.0 months), 10.7 months (95% CI 10.1-12.7 months), and 21.4 months (95% CI 20.6-26.4 months), respectively. After resistance, 55.3% (N = 115) patients developed oligoprogression, and 44.7% (N = 93) systemic progression. For patients with systemic progression, chemotherapy (N = 35, 37.6%), best supportive care (N = 30, 32.3%), and antiangiogenic therapy alone (N = 11, 11.8%) were the major strategies. A combination of local radiotherapy (N = 38, 33.0%) with continued ICIs was the most common treatment used in oligoprogression group, followed by continued immunotherapy with antiangiogenic therapy (N = 19, 16.5%) and local radiotherapy only (N = 17, 14.9%). For patients with oligoprogression, continued immunotherapy plus local radiotherapy can lead to a significantly longer PFS2 (12.9
10.0 months;
= 0.006) and OS (26.3
18.5 months,
= 0.001). The PFS2 and OS of patients with oligoprogression were superior to those of patients with systemic progression (PFS2: 13.1
10.0 months,
= 0.001; OS: 25.8
. 19.1 months,
= 0.003).
The major progression pattern after acquired resistance from immunotherapy is oligoprogression. Local radiotherapy with continued immunotherapy beyond oligoprogression in responders was feasible and led to prolonged PFS2 and OS in advanced NSCLC patients.
Diamide insecticides selectively activate insect ryanodine receptors (RyRs), inducing uncontrolled release of calcium ions, and causing muscle contraction, paralysis and eventually death. The ...RyRG4946E substitution associated with diamide resistance has been identified in three lepidopteran pests, Plutella xylostella, Tuta absoluta and Chilo suppressalis. Recently, the T. absoluta RyRG4946V mutation was knocked into the model insect Drosophila melanogaster by CRISPR/Cas9 mediated genome editing and provided in vivo functional confirmation for its role in diamide resistance. In the present study, we successfully introduced the RyRG4946E mutation with CRISPR/Cas9 technology into a lepidopteran pest of global importance, Spodoptera exigua. The genome-edited strain (named 4946E) homozygous for the SeRyRG4946E mutation exhibited 223-, 336- and >1000-fold resistance to chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole and flubendiamide, respectively when compared to the wild type strain (WHS) of S. exigua. Reciprocal crossing experiments revealed that the target-site resistance in strain 4946E underlies an autosomal and almost recessive mode of inheritance for anthranilic diamides, whereas it was completely recessive for flubendiamide. Our results not only provided in vivo functional validation of the RyRG4946E mutation in conferring high levels of resistance to diamide insecticides for the first time in a controlled genetic background of a lepidopteran pest, but also revealed slight differences on the level of resistance between anthranilic diamides (chlorantraniliprole and cyantraniliprole) and flubendiamide conferred by the SeRyRG4946E mutation.
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•Diamide insecticides target insect ryanodine receptors (RyRs).•The RyRG4946E substitution associated with diamide resistance identified in three lepidopteran pests.•The RyRG4946E mutation was introduced with CRISPR/Cas9 into a lepidopteran pest Spodoptera exigua.•The S. exigua strain with the SeRyRG4946E mutation confers high levels of resistance to diamides.
Dynamic TG analysis under nitrogen was used to investigate the thermal decomposition processes of 10 types of natural fibers commonly used in the polymer composite industry. These fibers included ...wood, bamboo, agricultural residue, and bast fibers. Various degradation models including the Kissinger, Friedman, Flynn–Wall–Ozawa, and modified Coats–Redfern methods were used to determine the apparent activation energy of these fibers. For most natural fibers approximately 60% of the thermal decomposition occurred within a temperature range between 215 and 310
°C. The result also showed that an apparent activation energy of 160–170
kJ/mol was obtained for most of the selected fibers throughout the polymer processing temperature range. These activation energy values allow developing a simplified approach to understand the thermal decomposition behavior of natural fibers as a function of polymer composite processing.
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common endocrine malignant tumor and the metastasis of PTC often leads to unfavorable prognosis. Thus, the purpose of the current research was to mainly ...explore the role of miR-3653-3p in PTC progression. The expression level of miR-3653-3p in PTC was determined by quantitative Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR), and Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and colony formation assay were recruited to assess the ability of miR-3653-3p on cell proliferation. Next, transwell assay and Matrigel assay were involved to examine the ability of miR-3653-3p on cell migration and invasion. At last, Dual-Luciferase reporter assay and Western blotting were recruited to validate the down-stream target of miR-3653-3p. Results showed that miR-3653-3p was down-expressed in PTC, and upregulated miR-3653-3p inhibited cell proliferation, cell migration, and cell invasion in vitro. In addition, CRIPTO-1 was a downstream target of miR-3653-3p, and miR-3653-3p inhibited PTC progression via regulating CRIPTO-1. In sum, this research verifies that miR-3653-3p suppresses cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in PTC via regulating CRIPTO-1. These findings provide new insight into the underlying mechanism of PTC progression and may be useful in finding biomarkers and therapeutic targets of PTC.
Experimental studies have indicated that alterations in the gut microbiota might play a role in the pathway of diabetes induction resulting from particulate matter pollution with aerodynamic ...diameters < 2.5 μm (PM2.5). However, few human studies have examined such experimental findings. Here, we examine the mediating effects of gut microbial dysbiosis on the associations between PM2.5 and particulate matter pollution with aerodynamic diameters < 1 μm (PM1) on diabetes using the Guangdong Gut Microbiome Project (GGMP) dataset.
A multistage cluster sampling method was employed to recruit adult participants from communities in Guangdong. Each participant was interviewed using a questionnaire, fasting blood and stool samples were collected, and the exposure to air pollutants was assessed using a spatiotemporal land-use regression model. The mediation analysis was conducted to estimate the associations among air pollutants, gut microbiota diversity and diabetes.
Both PM2.5 and PM1 were positively associated with the risks of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) or type 2 diabetes and negatively associated with alpha diversity indices of the gut microbiota. The mediation analyses indicated that the associations of PM2.5 and PM1 with the risk of type 2 diabetes were partially mediated by the decrease in gut microbiota diversity. Moreover, we found that 79 (PM2.5 on IFG), 84 (PM2.5 on type 2 diabetes), 83 (PM1 on IFG) and 89 (PM1 on type 2 diabetes) bacterial taxa could partially mediate the associations of PM2.5 and PM1 with IFG and type 2 diabetes, respectively. The relative abundance of most Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia bacteria were negatively associated with particulate matter (PM) concentrations and the risks of diabetes.
Long-term exposure to PM may increase the risk of diabetes, and alterations in the gut microbiota partially explained these associations.
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•Long-term exposure to PM may increase the risks of IFG and T2DM, and decrease the diversity of gut microbiota.•The alternations of gut microbiota diversity could partially mediate the associations of PM with diabetes risk.•Bacterial taxa could partially mediate the effects of PM2·5 and PM1 on IFG and T2DM.
Boron/oxygen co‐doped carbons (BOC) have great potentials as sulfur host materials for lithium–sulfur batteries, because they can increase electronic conductivity and anchor polysulfides. However, ...the doping interface as a key chemically active site still lacks in‐depth understanding owing to the difficulty in design at the molecular scale. Herein, the BOC network derived from covalent organic framework (COF) is prepared on the surface of CNTs via rational design of the organic condensation reaction. This strategy enables boron and oxygen heteroatoms to be uniformly doped throughout porous carbon because of the uniformly‐distributed two elements in the COF precursor. Thereby, the BOC matrix is demonstrated to play a pivotal role in promoting the chemical absorption of polysulfides and enhancing cycling stability. The BOC@CNT with 68.5% sulfur shows superior lithium polysulfides absorptivity and displays superior electrochemical performances as a cathode for Li–S batteries, including a large reversible capacity (1077 mA h g−1 after 200 cycles at 0.2 C), and outstanding cycling stability (794 mA h g−1 after 500 cycles at 1 C). The demonstrated strategy for fabricating BOC network by COF precursor for Li–S batteries provides a new approach to rationally design uniform heteroatom interfaces for good electrochemical performances.
The covalent organic framework (COF‐10) is in situ prepared on the exterior surface of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and then converted to boron/oxygen codoped porous carbon (BOC) for Li–S batteries. The BOC@CNT/S cathode can deliver highly reversible large capacities of 1077 mA h g−1 after 200 cycles at 0.2 C and 794 mA h g−1 at 1 C after 500 cycles.
Purpose Human microRNA-141 (miR-141), a member of the miR-200 family, has been reported to be associated with various human malignancies. However, it remains unknown whether miR-141 is involved in ...the pathogenesis of gastric cancer. Therefore, we examined the expression of miR-141 in gastric cancer tissues and the effect of miR-141 overexpression on cancer cell proliferation. Methods The expression level of miR-141 in 35 pair-matched gastric neoplastic and adjacent non-neoplastic tissues, and in 5 gastric cancer cell lines were examined by quantitative real-time PCR. The growth of MGC-803 cells transfected with miRNA precursor was examined by MTT (3-4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazoliumbromide) assay. Results MiR-141 was significantly down-regulated in 80% (28/35) of primary gastric cancer tissues compared with pair-matched adjacent non-tumor tissues (P < 0.01). The expression of miR-141 was also found to be substantially reduced in several human gastric cancer cell lines such as MGC-803, HGC-27, SGC-7901 and BGC-823 cells. Overexpression of miR-141 with its precursors significantly inhibited the proliferation of gastric cancer cells. Conclusions These results suggest that miR-141 may be involved in the development of gastric cancer through its inhibitory effect on cell proliferation.
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