Metaplastic breast cancer (MBC) is a rare disease, and there was rarely reported the treatment after recurrence and metastasis. Here, we report the treatment of an adult patient who suffered from MBC ...with lung, lymph nodes and left pleura metastasis after radical surgery. The next-generation sequencing result demonstrated that it had tumor mutational burden (TMB) of 12.0 Muts/Mb and microsatellite stability. The patient received sintilimab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor, plus chemotherapy and achieved partial response (PR). This is a report of a good outcome of metastatic MBC achieving 24 months of progression-free survival (PFS) and 39 months of overall survival (OS) with a combination therapy of immune checkpoint inhibitor and chemotherapy. Immuno-chemotherapy may have antitumor activity for relapse MBC. TMB may serve as a potential predictor associated with PD-1 inhibitors in MBC and help clinicians make an optimum treatment strategy.
IntroductionFollicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) rarely metastasizes to regional lymph nodes, as they mainly metastasize through hematogenous route; in particular, a large FTC with only lateral lymph ...node metastasis and without distant metastasis has rarely been reported. Case reportWe present a 66-year-old male patient with a progressively growing thyroid for more than 20 years, causing tracheal compression and narrowing. Neck ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) were carried out to obtain images of the thyroid and surrounding tissues. Total thyroidectomy and cervical lateral and central lymph node dissection were undertaken, and histopathological, and immunohistochemical evaluations and molecular pathology confirmed the diagnosis of FTC with multiple cervical lymph node metastases. ConclusionWe have reported a rare case of large FTC with diffuse nodal involvement but no distant metastases. We present the thyroid ultrasound, neck CT, MR and whole body PET/CT.
We focus on the contagion effects of international financial markets arising from financial crisis. By analyzing a panel of percentage natural logarithm return rate of 12 countries, we qualify the ...impact of financial contagion in global equity markets from the subprime mortgage crisis. The paper uses adjusted correlation analysis approach and latent factor model to measure the international propagation of common and idiosyncratic shocks respectively. The results show that as the United States is the centre of the subprime mortgage crisis, contagion decreases with the geographical distance from the centre, closer the distance, greater the effect will be, that is, America is the most affected area, followed by Europe, then the Asia region. To put it further, through variance decomposition we compare countries in America and Asia to see the effects and degree of contagion. We find that China and Japan are the least affected countries compared with others and we explain the reason at the end of the paper.
