This study explores how the perception of specific aspects of smart governance affects the business environment as to attract investment. To this end, we used a survey design and collected data from ...Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Hangzhou. A total of 500 responses from different industries and companies were obtained and then empirically analyzed using ridge regression and intermediary effect models. We found that the perception of smart governance enhances investment due to strong governance and abundant business opportunities. Natural sustainability attracts investment directly because, when cities become smart, they tend to improve their sustainability and attract talent and capital inflows. This external participation has a direct impact on enterprise investment because it creates more business opportunities. An improved social credit system represents the comprehensive progress of the business environment and positively mediates smart governance and investment. This is the first study to combine the key elements of smart governance, the development stage of smart governance, and various dimensions of the business environment to analyze the influence of smart governance perceptions on commercial investments.
Abstract
Adhesives with both robust adhesion and tunable degradability are clinically and ecologically vital, but their fabrication remains a formidable challenge. Here we propose an in situ radical ...ring-opening polymerization (rROP) strategy to design a backbone-degradable robust adhesive (BDRA) in physiological environment. The hydrophobic cyclic ketene acetal and hydrophilic acrylate monomer mixture of the BDRA precursor allows it to effectively wet and penetrate substrates, subsequently forming a deep covalently interpenetrating network with a degradable backbone via redox-initiated in situ rROP. The resulting BDRAs show good adhesion strength on diverse materials and tissues (e.g., wet bone >16 MPa, and porcine skin >150 kPa), higher than that of commercial cyanoacrylate superglue (~4 MPa and 56 kPa). Moreover, the BDRAs have enhanced tunable degradability, mechanical modulus (100 kPa-10 GPa) and setting time (seconds-hours), and have good biocompatibility in vitro and in vivo. This family of BDRAs expands the scope of medical adhesive applications and offers an easy and environmentally friendly approach for engineering.
We analyzed the clinical manifestations of children with anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis in Central South China and the factors influencing the effectiveness of ...treatment.
A retrospective study of children (0–14years old) with anti-NMDAR encephalitis in Central South China was carried out from March 2014 to November 2016. Demographics, clinical features, treatment, outcome, and the factors influencing the effectiveness of treatment were reviewed.
Fifty-one patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis were enrolled (age from 4months to 14years old; median age, 8years; 30 females). Forty-five patients (88%) presented with psychiatric symptoms, 40 (78%) with dyskinesia and movement disorders, 39 (77%) with sleep disturbances, 34 (67%) with seizures, 30 (59%) with a decreased level of consciousness (Glasgow score<15), 28 (55%) with speech disturbances, and twelve (24%) with autonomic instability. None presented with hypoventilation, and only one patient (female, 14years old) had an ovarian teratoma. All patients received first-line immunotherapy, 25 patients both received firstline and second-line immunotherapy. Forty-four of the 51 patients achieved good outcomes (score on the modified Rankin Scale mRS of 0–2), while the other seven had poor outcomes (mRS score of 3–5).
This study investigated the clinical characteristics of children (aged 14 or younger) with anti-NMDAR encephalitis in Central South China. Patients with decreased consciousness, PICU stay and autonomic instability were more likely to have no or limited response to first-line immunotherapy and to require second-line or even more aggressive immunotherapy. Children with anti-NMDAR encephalitis in China have a much lower incidence of tumors, lower mortality rates, and a lower proportion of lethal autonomic instability than adults.
•The study is the largest of anti-NMDAR encephalitis in China, reviewing clinical features, examinations, therapy and outcome.•Patients with decreased consciousness, PICU stay and autonomic instability were likely to poor response to first-line therapy.•Young patients in China have a much lower incidence of tumor, mortality rate, and lethal autonomic instability than adults.
We conducted a randomized controlled trial to investigate the potential of Bifidobacterium breve M-16 V to improve mood in humans. In this evaluation, we incorporated the use of near-infrared ...spectroscopy (NIRS), which has been used to evaluate mood states in studies with small sample sizes. Participants were given B. breve M-16 V (20 billion cells/day) for 6 weeks, and their mood state was assessed before and after ingestion. NIRS data were collected at rest and during a mental arithmetic task (under stress). Intake of B. breve M-16 V decreased the heart rate under stress and increased levels of the GABA-like substance pipecolic acid in stool samples. In addition, B. breve M-16 V improved mood and sleep scores in participants with high anxiety levels. These results suggest that B. breve M-16 V affects the metabolites of the gut microbiota and has the potential to modulate the autonomic nervous system and to improve mood and sleep.
•Bifidobacterium breve M-16 V has the potential to modulate the autonomic nervous system.•B. breve M-16 V may improve mood and sleep in participants with high anxiety levels.•B. breve M-16 V alters the gut environment, increasing pipecolic acid levels, a GABA-like substance, potentially acting via the gut-brain axis.
Graphene oxide (GO) was incorporated into polyimide (PI) resin to obtain composite films via in-situ polymerization method. The GO sheets were well dispersed in the PI matrix due to the hydrophilic ...nature of oxygen-containing groups in GO sheets. The resulting composite's mechanical, electrical and thermal properties are effectively enhanced by the incorporation of GO even at a low content. The effects of GO content on the dielectric permittivity, loss tangent and breakdown strength were simultaneously studied. The tensile strength of the PI composites was significantly increased by 40% for a 0.5wt.% GO addition and the tensile elongation (32%) was three times greater than that of pure PI film. In addition, enhanced thermal stability was also achieved. Our composite design and fabrication methodology can be extended to many other polymer composites and thus provide a simple approach to reinforce the properties for polymer matrix in other applications.
•Polyimide/graphene oxide films were prepared by in-situ polymerization process.•Performance of composites was effectively enhanced even at a low content.•Interfacial polarization relaxation has a major influence on the dielectric properties.
In this article, oxygen doped boron nitride (OBNNS) was selected and introduced into PI to form OBNNS/PI composite films. The thermal, electrical, optical and mechanical properties of the OBNNS/PI ...composite films were all improved compared to pure PI. Our experimental results shown that the synthesized OBNNS/PI composite with a low OBNNS content (0.25wt%) have thermal conductivity of 0.291W·m−1·K−1, tensile strength of 127.1MPa, elongation at break of 13.3%, and corona resistant life of 9.50h, all were significantly enhanced compared with that of a pure PI film. This can be attributed the homogeneous and ordered dispersion of OBNNS in PI matrix. The successful preparation of the OBNNS/PI composites will pave a way for the development of multifunctional polyimide-based composites for applications.
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•A oxygen doped boron nitride (OBNNS) was synthesized.•The OBNNS can disperse and embed into the PI matrix commendably.•The PI/OBNNS composite can endow the PI with a dramatic increment on thermal, electrical, optical and mechanical properties.
In this article, a facile approach to fabricate a biofunctional polypropylene nonwoven fabric membrane (PP NWF) with a switchable surface from antibacterial property to hemocompatibility is ...presented. In the first step, a cationic carboxybetaine ester monomer, (2-(methacryboxy) ethyl)-N,N-dimethylamino-ethylammonium bromide, methyl ester (CABA-1-ester) was synthesized. Subsequently, this monomer was introduced on the PP NWF surface via plasma pretreatment and a UV-induced graft polymerization technique. Finally, a switchable surface from antibacterial property to hemocompatibility was easily realized by hydrolysis of poly(CABA-1-ester) moieties on the PP NWF surface under mild conditions. Surface hydrolysis behaviors under different pH conditions were investigated. These PP NWFs grafted with poly(CABA-1-ester) segments can cause significant suppression of S. aureus proliferation; after hydrolysis, these surfaces covered by poly(2-(methacryloxy) ethyl) carboxybetaine (poly(CABA)) chains exhibited obvious reduction in protein adsorption and platelet adhesion, and remarkably enhanced antithrombotic properties. This strategy demonstrated that a switchable PP NWF surface from antibacterial property to hemocompatibility was easily developed by plasma pretreatment and UV-induced surface graft polymerization and that this surface may become an attractive platform for a range of biomedical applications.
The field of fluorescence sensing, leveraging various supramolecular self-assembled architectures constructed from macrocyclic pillar
arenes, has seen significant advancement in recent decades. This ...review comprehensively discusses, for the first time, the recent innovations in the synthesis and self-assembly of pillar
arene-based supramolecular architectures (PSAs) containing metal coordination sites, along with their practical applications and prospects in fluorescence sensing. Integrating hydrophobic and electron-rich cavities of pillar
arenes into these supramolecular structures endows the entire system with self-assembly behavior and stimulus responsiveness. Employing the host-guest interaction strategy and complementary coordination forces, PSAs exhibiting both intelligent and controllable properties are successfully constructed. This provides a broad horizon for advancing fluorescence sensors capable of detecting environmental pollutants. This review aims to establish a solid foundation for the future development of fluorescence sensing applications utilizing PSAs. Additionally, current challenges and future perspectives in this field are discussed.
Unlike conventional poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM)-based surfaces switching from bactericidal activity to bacterial repellency upon decreasing temperature, we developed a hierarchical polymer ...architecture, which could maintain bactericidal activities at room temperature while presenting bacterial repellency at physiological temperature. In this architecture, a thermoresponsive bactericidal upper layer consisting of PNIPAM-based copolymer and vancomycin (Van) moieties was built on an antifouling poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate) (PSBMA) bottom layer via sequential surface-initiated photoiniferter-mediated polymerization. At room temperature below the lower critical solution temperature (LCST), the PNIPAM-based upper layer was stretchable, facilitating contact killing of bacteria by Van. At physiological temperature (above the LCST), the PNIPAM-based layer collapsed, thus leading to the burial of Van and exposure of bottom PSBMA brushes, finally displaying notable performances in bacterial inhibition, dead bacteria detachment, and biocompatibility, simultaneously. Our strategy provides a novel pathway in the rational design of temperature-sensitive switchable surfaces, which shows great advantages in the real-world infection-resistant applications.
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