The patient was a 15-year-old woman who had a history of operation of cavernous hemangioma at her left knee at the age of 2. She had hemangiomas of the skin, ion-defficiency anemia, and also gastric ...and colonic hemangiomas detected by the examination of the alimen-tary tract, which leads to the diagnosis of blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome. Endoscopic mucosal resection, local injection of ethanol, etc. were carried out against the hemangiomas of stomach and colon. We have followed her up successfully through the endoscopic treatment of the newly developed hemangimas of stomach and colon without laparotomy during subsequent ten years. We proved in this case that the endoscopic treatment of the alimentary tract hemangiomas showing blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome was safe and useful.
Seven patients with chronic hepatitis C, six hemophiliacs and a patient with von Willebrand's disease, were treated with interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha). Either 9 MU of recombinant IFN-alpha 2a or 3 MU ...of lymphoblastoid alpha-IFN was administered daily for 2 weeks and then three times a week for 22 weeks. Liver histology, hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes, and HCV-RNA levels in sera were investigated in all of the patients before IFN therapy was instituted. Liver histology was classified by the European classification. HCV genotyping conformed to the so-called Okamoto's classification. HCV-RNA levels in sera were quantitated by competitive polymerase chain reaction, using mutant RNA. Liver histology, HCV genotype, and serum HCV-RNA level (copies/ml) in each patient were: patient 1, chronic persistent hepatitis, type II, 3 x 10(3) respectively; patient 2, chronic active hepatitis (CAH) 2a, type III, 6 x 10(4); patient 3, CAH2a, type IV, 2 x 10(5); patient 4, CAH2b, type I, 2 x 10(7); patient 5, CAH2b, type II, 8 x 10(4); patient 6, CAH2b, type III, 7 x 10(6); and patient 7, CAH2b, type IV, 1 x 10(7). Sustained elimination of HCV was achieved in patient 3 and temporary elimination was achieved in patients 1 and 2. The other patients showed persistent HCV-RNA positivity in sera both during and after IFN treatment. Poor responsiveness to IFN was observed in patients with relatively progressive liver histology and high levels of HCV viremia.
The aim of this paper is to assess the usefulness of sentinel lymph node navigation for laparoscopic gastrectomy. The standard lymph node dissection for gastric cancer is a D2 dissection. D2 ...dissection and sentinel lymph node biopsy can be performed with laparoscopic gastrectomy as well as with open surgery. Sentinel lymph node navigation surgery for gastric cancer has not yet been established, but once a strong consensus is reached we will be able to perform the laparoscopic gastrectomy safely.
The purpose of the present study was to detect tumor cell viability, the diagnosis of which is the most important point in clinical therapy for malignant tumors. The advent of localized proton ...spectroscopy has made this detection possible. The spectral peak intensities were found to be very different depending on tumor tissue pathology.
The tumor cell reaction after radiation therapy was examined with proton localized spectroscopy in addition to enhanced MR imaging using a 1.5 Tesla MR system (Philips, Gyroscan S15-HP). Plain MR images (short spin echo) were used for localization pilot images, and after the MRS study, contrast enhanced MRI was carried out. Studies were performed pre-radiation, mid-radiation, and post-radiation if possible.
Sixteen patients (total 27 examinations) with intracranial tumors and three normal volunteers underwent proton NMR localized spectroscopy. The brain tumors were diagnosed before the MR study, and nine patients had metastatic brain tumors, such as adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and small cell carcinoma, and seven other patients were diagnosed with glioma-type tumors.
The reaction patterns of proton NMR spectroscopy of brain tumors after radiation therapy were very different and depended on tumor histology.
Proton NMR spectroscopy is an excellent means of determining tumor cell viability.
To use for GEKKO XII Module glass laser system, we have developed an oscillator system, which consists of a mode-locked YAG laser, a pulse selector, a pulse shaper, and controller circuits. The ...mode-locked YAG laser oscillates at a wavelength of 1.052μm and gives out-put energy of 10 μJ/pulse. The pulse width is variable in a range from 90ps to 1.4ns. The pulse selector switches out a single pulse from a mode-locked pulse train with 50% transmittance. The ratio of the energy of the selected pulse to that of the unselected prepalses is greater than 108. The pulse shaper is of a passive type. It produces a shaped pulse whose envelope is determined by the requirements for target compression experiments.
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