Humic acids (HA), one of the major components of dissolved organic matter, can interfere with different metabolic pathways in aquatic animals, causing various biological effects. This study aimed to ...provide a molecular basis for HA-related responses in fish by analyzing changes in the blood plasma proteome following short-term exposure to environmentally relevant HA concentrations using the Japanese medaka
Hd-rR strain as a model organism. Proteomics data were obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry analysis employing a label-free quantification approach. HA caused dysregulation of proteins involved in various biological processes, including protein folding, signaling, transport, metabolism, regulation, immune response, and coagulation. The majority of the differentially abundant proteins were down-regulated, including those involved in humoral immunity and coagulation. HA caused the decrease of the complement cascade and membrane attack complex proteins abundance, as well as proteins participating in activation and regulation of secondary hemostasis. The most pronounced suppression was observed at the highest tested HA concentration.
Tidal stream turbines are used for converting kinetic energy of tidal currents into electricity. There are a number of uncertainties involved in the design of such devices and their components. To ...ensure safety of the turbines these uncertainties must be taken into account. The paper shows how this may be achieved for the design of rotor blades of horizontal-axis tidal stream turbines in the context of bending failure due to extreme loading. Initially, basic characteristics of such turbines in general and their blades in particular are briefly described. A probabilistic model of tidal current velocity fluctuations, which are the main source of load uncertainty, is then presented. This is followed by the description of reliability analysis of the blades, which takes into account uncertainties associated with tidal current speed, the blade resistance and the model used to calculate bending moments in the blades. Finally, the paper demonstrates how results of the reliability analysis can be applied to set values of the partial factors for the blade design.
•A probabilistic model of the maximum of tidal current velocity fluctuations is proposed.•Reliability analysis of rotor blades of a tidal stream turbine is described.•Influence of pitch control system on the blade reliability is investigated.•Partial safety factors for the design of tidal turbine rotor blades are calibrated.
The Capacitive Magnetic Field Sensor Zyatkov, D O; Yurchenko, A V; Balashov, V B ...
Journal of physics. Conference series,
01/2016, Volume:
671, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
The results of a study of sensitive element magnetic field sensor are represented in this paper. The sensor is based on the change of the capacitance with an active dielectric (ferrofluid) due to the ...magnitude of magnetic field. To prepare the ferrofluid magnetic particles are used, which have a followingdispersion equal to 50 < Ø < 56, 45 < Ø < 50, 40 < Ø < 45 and Ø < 40micron of nanocrystalline alloy of brand 5BDSR. The dependence of the sensitivity of the capacitive element from the ferrofluid with different dispersion of magnetic particles is considered. The threshold of sensitivity and sensitivity of a measuring cell with ferrofluid by a magnetic field was determined. The experimental graphs of capacitance change of the magnitude of magnetic field are presented.
The analysis of changes in the liver proteome of the Japanese medaka
Oryzias latipes
Hd-rR strain following 96-hour exposure to humic acid was carried out. Humic acids are one of the major components ...of dissolved organic matter in surface waters. These substances can interfere with different metabolic pathways in aquatic animals, causing various biological effects. Proteomics data were obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry analysis employing a label-free quantification approach. Liver proteome changes showed that HA exposure can dysregulate proteins with various functions, including cytoskeletal proteins and those involved in RNA metabolism, signal transduction, ATP, sphingolipid and prostaglandin synthesis, protein repair, cholesterol efflux, and xenobiotic metabolism. Furthermore, high HA concentration caused up-regulation of DIABLO, the protein of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway.
Radiation embrittlement of materials of support structures (SS) for reactor pressure vessel (RPV) of WWER types is considered. The features of radiation embrittlement of SS materials are connected ...with low irradiation temperature no exceeding 90 °C and also with a use of the steels which are usually applied for different building structures and have not a high resistance to the radiation embrittlement.
The experimental date on standard mechanical properties and fracture toughness have been obtained for various steels and weld metals in the initial and irradiation conditions. SEM investigation of fracture surface of fractures toughness specimens and investigation with atomic-tomography method have been performed. The model for prediction of material radiation embrittlement as a function of the neutron fluence and the impurity (Cu and P) content is developed. The irradiation temperature effect is considered on various mechanisms of radiation embrittlement of a material.
Xanthan is an extracellular heteropolysaccharide produced by the bacteria Xanthomonas campestris. Due to its unique properties, the polysaccharide and its derivatives are widely used in many ...industries, from food to biomedicine and oil production, that demands an efficient xanthan depolymerization method to adapt this polysaccharide for various applications. Unlike the known chemical approaches, biological methods are considered to be more environmentally friendly and less energy intensive. In laboratory conditions, we have isolated a bacterial community capable of reducing the xanthan viscosity. Identification of the individual isolates in the microbial community and their testing resulted in the consortium LE-C1, consisting of two microorganisms Paenibacillus phytohabitans KG5 and Cellulosimicrobium cellulans KG3. The specific activities of the overall xanthanase and auxiliary enzymes that may be involved in the xanthan depolymerization were as follows: xanthanase, 19.6 ± 0.6 U/g; β-glucosidase, 3.4 ± 0.1 U/g; α-mannosidase, 68.0 ± 2.0 U/g; β-mannosidase, 0.40 ± 0.01 U/g; endo-glucanase, 4.0 ± 0.1 U/g; and xanthan lyase, 2.20 ± 0.07 U/mg. In order to increase the efficiency of xanthan biodegradation, the LE-C1 whole cells were immobilized in a poly(vinyl alcohol) cryogel. The resulting regenerative biocatalyst was able to complete xanthan depolymerization within 40 cycles without loss of activity or degradation of the matrix.
This study presents the dynamics of hepatic ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activity levels in bream, Abramis brama L., with an emphasis on between-sex differences, over a year-long sampling period. ...Seasonal changes in ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activity were observed, possibly related to both internal and external factors. Significant fluctuations were witnessed in spring and summer in males and females, likely determined by changes in sex hormone levels and water temperature. Almost invariable enzyme activity was seen in bream in autumn. Two peaks in ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activity were registered in females in winter and early spring, while males demonstrated a gradual increase. Such marked variability manifested in females during an ice-cover period might be associated with the endogenous control of oocyte maturation by the endocrine system. Present study provides a basis for more accurate interpretation of ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase induction in bream when using this endpoint in the field studies.
The use of small-sized models of structures printed on 3-D printers is possible due to the electroelastic properties of ABS plastic. A comparison of their reactions with analogs made of plexiglas, ...used in studies of concrete structures, was made. The influence of the environment - water or sea sand, support conditions - free support or pinching, shape - simple or complex in planon the response of models from two different materials was investigated. The laboratory setup simulated a dynamic sinusoidal effect using: a digital frequency generator from 1 to 10000 Hz, an acoustic system diffuser, a microphone amplifier, two electrodes, and a computer in a two-channel oscilloscope mode. The vibration characteristics at the base and top of the models were recorded. The experimental system turned out to be sensitive to the shape, methods of fastening elements, the structure as a whole, and the medium of wave propagation. The response was analyzed in terms of the dynamic compliance coefficient and resonance frequencies, reflecting the similarity of the responses of the plexiglas and ABS models. Printing will allow you to adjust the shape and connections of the elements of the models so that they work like mechanical resonators – filters - in a narrow band. No resonances are expected outside this band. In the operated structures, the quality of the element connections is reproduced. Changing the existing rigidity to obtain resonances in a narrow band can serve as a criterion for choosing an effective amplification method.
The article presents a method for calculating the erosion furrow depth and the metal loss of piles and other structures of marine hydraulic facilities under wave action containing a water-pebble ...mixture (pebble bombardment of piles).
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