The future space-based GAMMA-400 gamma-ray telescope will operate onboard the Russian astrophysical observatory in a highly elliptic orbit during 7 years to observe Galactic plane, Galactic Center, ...Fermi Bubbles, Crab, Vela, Cygnus X, Geminga, Sun, and other regions and measure gamma- and cosmic-ray fluxes. Observations will be performed in the point-source mode continuously for a long time (∼100 days). GAMMA-400 will measure gamma rays in the energy range from ∼ 20 MeV to several TeV and cosmic-ray electrons + positrons up to several tens TeV. GAMMA-400 instrument will have very good angle and energy resolutions, high separation efficiency of gamma rays from cosmic-ray background, as well as electrons + positrons from protons. The main feature of GAMMA-400 is the unprecedented angular resolution for energies > 30 GeV better than the space-based and ground-based gamma-ray telescopes by a factor of 5–10. GAMMA-400 observations will permit to resolve gamma rays from annihilation or decay of dark matter particles, identify many discrete sources, clarify the structure of extended sources, specify the data on cosmic-ray electron + positron spectra.
Cosmophysical Research with GAMMA-400 Topchiev, N. P.; Galper, A. M.; Arkhangelskaja, I. V. ...
Physics of atomic nuclei,
08/2023, Volume:
86, Issue:
4
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
The GAMMA-400 gamma-ray telescope is the successor of Soviet and Russian gamma-ray telescopes. GAMMA-400 is being developed for cosmophysical research in accordance with the Russian Federal Space ...Program 2016–2025. The GAMMA-400 experiment will be implemented aboard the Russian astrophysical space observatory in a highly elliptic orbit during 7 years to provide new data on gamma-ray emission mainly from the Galactic plane, Galactic Center, the Sun and cosmic-ray electron
positron fluxes. The main mode of observations will be the continuous point-source mode with the duration of up to
100 days. The GAMMA-400 gamma-ray telescope will study high-energy gamma-ray emission up to several TeV and cosmic-ray electrons
positrons up to 20 TeV. GAMMA-400 will have the never-achieved angular resolution, the high-energy and time resolutions, as well as very good separation efficiency of gamma rays from cosmic-ray background and of electrons
positrons from protons. The distinctive features of GAMMA-400 are the excellent angular resolution of
at
GeV that exceeds resolutions of the space-based and ground-based gamma-ray telescopes by a factor of 5–10, as well as high-energy resolution of
at
GeV. GAMMA-400 studies can discover gamma-ray emission from annihilation or decay of dark matter particles, identify many unassociated discrete sources, explore the structure of extended sources, search for gamma-ray bursts and solar gamma-ray flares, improve the data on cosmic-ray electron
positron spectra for energies of >50 GeV.
•The GAMMA-400 gamma-ray telescope performance for lateral aperture.•Detection of GRB from the lateral aperture in the energy range from ∼ 10 to ∼ 100 MeV.•The problem of connection between high- and ...low-energy gamma-ray emissions of GRBs.
The currently developing space-based gamma-ray telescope GAMMA-400 will measure the gamma-ray and electron + positron fluxes using the main top-down aperture in the energy range from ∼ 20 MeV to several TeV in a highly elliptic orbit (without shading the telescope by the Earth and outside the radiation belts) continuously for a long time. The instrument will provide fundamentally new data on discrete gamma-ray sources, gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), sources and propagation of Galactic cosmic rays and signatures of dark matter due to its unique angular and energy resolutions in the wide energy range. The gamma-ray telescope consists of the anticoincidence system (AC), the converter-tracker (C), the time-of-flight system (S1 and S2), the position-sensitive and electromagnetic calorimeters (CC1 and CC2), scintillation detectors (S3 and S4) located above and behind the CC2 calorimeter and lateral detectors (LD) located around the CC2 calorimeter.
In this paper, the capabilities of the GAMMA-400 gamma-ray telescope to measure fluxes of GRBs from lateral directions of CC2 are analyzed using Monte-Carlo simulations. The analysis is based on off-line second-level trigger construction using signals from S3, CC2, S4 and LD detectors. For checking the numerical algorithm the data from space-based GBM and LAT instruments of the Fermi experiment are used, namely, three long bursts: GRB 080916C, GRB 090902B, GRB 090926A and one short burst GRB 090510A. The obtained results allow us to conclude that from lateral directions the GAMMA-400 space-based gamma-ray telescope will reliably measure the spectra of bright GRBs in the energy range from ∼ 10 to ∼ 100 MeV with the on-axis effective area of about 0.13 m2 for each of the four sides of CC2 and total field of view of about 6 sr.
The potential of the planned GAMMA-400 gamma-ray telescope for detecting subhalos of mass between 10
6
M
⊙
and 10
9
M
⊙
in the Milky Way Galaxy that consist of annihilating dark matter in the form of ...weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) is studied. The inner structure of dark matter subhalos and their distribution in the Milky Way Galaxy are obtained on the basis of respective theoretical models. Our present analysis shows that the expected gamma-ray flux from subhalos depends strongly on the WIMP mass and on the subhalo concentration, but that it depends less strongly on the subhalo mass. Optimistically, a flux of 10 to 100 ph per year in the energy range above 100 MeV can be expected from the closest and most massive subhalos, which can therefore be thought to be detectable sources for GAMMA-400. Because of the smallness of fluxes, however, only via a joint analysis of future GAMMA-400 data and data from other telescopes would it become possible to resolve the inner structure of the subhalos. Also, the recent subhalo candidates 3FGL J2212.5+0703 and J1924.8–1034 are considered within our model. Our conclusion is that these sources hardly belong to the subhalo population.
The characteristics of the prototype of the scintillation detecting segment of time-of-flight and anticoincidence systems of being developed space-based GAMMA-400 gamma-ray telescope is studied. The ...amplitude resolution, time resolution and charged particle detection efficiency of the prototype with silicon photomultipliers readout obtained using
250 MeV positron beam of synchrotron C-25P ‘‘PAKHRA’’ of P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute are presented. The comparison of applying both ‘‘standard’’ and ‘‘fast’’ outputs of silicon photomultipliers type ON Semiconductor MICROFC-60035-SMT used in the prototype is featured.
GAMMA-400 Project Galper, A. M.; Topchiev, N. P.; Yurkin, Yu. T.
Astronomy reports,
12/2018, Volume:
62, Issue:
12
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Extraterrestrial gamma-ray astronomy is now a source of a new knowledge in the fields of astrophysics, cosmic-ray physics, and the nature of dark matter. The next absolutely necessary step in the ...development of extraterrestrial high-energy gamma-ray astronomy is the improvement of the physical and technical characteristics of gamma-ray telescopes, especially their angular and energy resolutions. Such a new generation telescope will be GAMMA-400, currently under development. Together with an X-ray telescope, it will perform precise and detailed observations in the energy range of ~20 MeV to ~10 000 GeV and 3–30 keV the Galactic plane, especially, toward the Galactic Center, Fermi Bubbles, Crab, Cygnus, etc. The GAMMA-400 will operate in the highly elliptic orbit continuously for a long time with the unprecedented angular (~0.01◦ at
E
γ
= 100 GeV) and energy (~1% at
E
γ
= 100 GeV) resolutions, exceeding the Fermi-LAT as well as ground-based gamma-ray telescopes by a factor of 5–10. GAMMA-400 will permit resolving gamma rays from annihilation or decay of dark matter particles, identifyingmany discrete sources (many of which are variable), clarifying the structure of extended sources, specifying the data on the diffuse emission, as well as measuring electron + positron fluxes and specifying electron + positron spectrum in the energy range from 1 GeV to 10 000 GeV.
The future space-based GAMMA-400
-ray telescope will operate onboard the Russian astrophysical observatory in a highly elliptic orbit during 7 years. Observing
-ray sources from Galactic plane,
-ray ...bursts,
-ray diffuse emission,
rays from the Sun, and
rays from dark matter particles will be performed uninterruptedly for a long time (
100 days) in point-source mode in contrast to scanning mode for Fermi-LAT and other space- and ground-based instruments. GAMMA-400 will measure
rays in the energy range from
20 MeV to several TeV units, have the unprecedented angular (
at
GeV) and energy (
at
GeV) resolutions better than for Fermi-LAT, as well as ground-based
-ray facilities, by a factor of 5–10, and perfectly separate
rays from cosmic-ray background.
The space-based gamma-ray telescope must effectively separate photons from charged particles of instrumental background and cosmic rays. It requires that the anticoincidence system of the telescope ...must have high detection efficiency, large dynamic range and good enough energy and time resolution for charged particles. The main results obtained using 246 MeV secondary positron beam of synchrotron S-25R “PAKHRA” of Lebedev Physical Institute with prototype of system of anticoincidence detectors of space-based gamma-ray telescope GAMMA-400 are presented. The amplitude resolution, time resolution and charged particles detection efficiency are adduced. All measurements were performed using “fast” output of silicon photomultipliers of prototype scintillation detectors sensors. Fractal dimensions of temporal profiles registered during measurements using positron beam and atmospheric muons are discussed.
Status of the GAMMA-400 project Galper, A.M.; Adriani, O.; Aptekar, R.L. ...
Advances in space research,
01/2013, Volume:
51, Issue:
2
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
The preliminary design of the new space gamma-ray telescope GAMMA-400 for the energy range 100MeV–3TeV is presented. The angular resolution of the instrument, 1–2° at Eγ∼100MeV and ∼0.01° at ...Eγ>100GeV, its energy resolution ∼1% at Eγ>100GeV, and the proton rejection factor ∼106 are optimized to address a broad range of science topics, such as search for signatures of dark matter, studies of Galactic and extragalactic gamma-ray sources, Galactic and extragalactic diffuse emission, gamma-ray bursts, as well as high-precision measurements of spectra of cosmic-ray electrons, positrons, and nuclei.
The GAMMA-400 (Gamma Astronomical Multifunctional Modular Apparatus) will be a new generation satellite gamma-observatory. The gamma-ray telescope GAMMA-400 consists of the anticoincidence system ...(top and lateral sections—ACtop and AClat), the converter-tracker (
C
), the time-of-flight system TOF (two sections
S
1 and
S
2), the position-sensitive and electromagnetic calorimeters (CC1 and CC2), the scintillation detectors of the calorimeter (
S
3 and
S
4) and lateral anticoincidence detectors of the calorimeter LD. Two apertures used for observation of transient events do not require the best angular resolution as for the gamma-ray bursts and solar flares from both upper and lateral directions. Additional aperture allows the particle registering from upper direction, which do not interact with converter-tracker and do not form a TOF signal. The lateral aperture allows registering of γ-quanta in perpendicular direction with respect to main axis of GAMMA-400 due to CC2, LD,
S
3, and
S
4. The thickness of CC2 in this direction is ∼44
X
0
and this allows detection of gammas, electrons and positrons with energies up to 10 TeV. The results of calculation of the fractal dimension of temporal profiles of additional aperture prototype of GAMMA-400 during its calibration using secondary positron beam of the synchrotron C-25P “PAKHRA” of Lebedev Physical Institute confirm the absence of any correlation between the AC and CC1 characteristics and correspondence of additional aperture background to Poisson statistics or Erlang one with shape parameter up to 10.
PDF
