Constructing heterogeneous nanostructures is an efficient strategy to improve the electrical and ionic conductivity of metal chalcogenide‐based anodes. Herein, ZnS/SnO2 quantum dots (QDs) as p‐n ...heterojunctions that are uniformly anchored to reduced graphene oxides (ZnS‐SnO2@rGO) are designed and engineered. Combining the merits of fast electron transport via the internal electric field and a greatly shortened Li/Na ion diffusion pathway in the ZnS/SnO2 QDs (3–5 nm), along with the excellent electrical conductivity and good structural stability provided by the rGO matrix, the ZnS‐SnO2@rGO anode exhibits enhanced electronic and ionic conductivity, which can be proved by both experiments and theoretical calculations. Consequently, the ZnS‐SnO2@rGO anode shows a significantly improved rate performance that simple counterpart composite anodes cannot achieve. Specifically, high reversible specific capacities are achieved for both lithium‐ion battery (551 mA h g−1 at 5.0 A g−1, 670 mA h g−1 at 3.0 A g−1 after 1400 cycles) and sodium‐ion battery (334 mA h g−1 at 5.0 A g−1, 313 mA h g−1 at 1.0 A g−1 after 400 cycles). Thus, this strategy to build semiconductor metal sulfides/metal oxide heterostructures at the atomic scale may inspire the rational design of metal compounds for high‐performance battery applications.
The interface engineering technology of metal ionic liquid precursors is applied to construct ZnS/SnO2 quantum dots as p‐n heterojunctions, which shows excellent lithium‐ and sodium‐ storage performance and excellent long‐term cycle stability. Such a heterogeneous engineering strategy for nano‐metal sulfide/metal oxide heterojunctions can be extended to other electrodes for advanced rechargeable batteries .
We report acute antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in 285 patients with COVID-19. Within 19 days after symptom onset, 100% of patients tested positive for antiviral immunoglobulin-G (IgG). ...Seroconversion for IgG and IgM occurred simultaneously or sequentially. Both IgG and IgM titers plateaued within 6 days after seroconversion. Serological testing may be helpful for the diagnosis of suspected patients with negative RT-PCR results and for the identification of asymptomatic infections.
Uni-nullnorms on bounded lattices Wang, Ya-Ming; Zhan, Hang; Liu, Hua-Wen
Fuzzy sets and systems,
05/2020, Volume:
386
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
In this paper, we study uni-nullnorms with both neutral elements and zero elements on bounded lattices. In order to illustrate the existence of uni-nullnorms on bounded lattices, we present two ...construction methods for obtaining such a uni-nullnorm. Also, we show two additional methods for the construction of idempotent nullnorms on bounded lattices, which are generalizations of the one proposed by Çaylı and Karaçal. Furthermore, we discuss the presence of idempotent uni-nullnorms on bounded lattices, and propose two construction methods to obtain an idempotent uni-nullnorm on any bounded lattice.
This paper proposes a model predictive control (MPC) scheme for maximising the benefit of a useful disturbance by exploiting preview information of the disturbance, in the context of goal-oriented ...operation. For a constrained system, subject to a persistent, bounded, and predictable disturbance, rather than attenuating the influence of disturbance, the proposed MPC aims to utilise the disturbance to optimise high-level economic criteria, e.g., profitability and productivity, which are normally represented by an indefinite cost function. For linear time-invariant systems, after examining the influence of the future disturbance profile, a computationally efficient finite-horizon convex approach is proposed to approximate the solution of the original possibly non-convex infinite-horizon optimisation problem. Then, a receding-horizon implementation is developed, taking into account the recursively updated disturbance prediction, and the recursive feasibility and input-to-state stability of the implementation are established. Numerical examples are provided to verify the efficacy of the proposed method.
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•The hydrothermal muscovite Ar–Ar age of 50.4Ma agrees well with the granitoid zircon U–Pb age of ∼50.5Ma.•The C-H-O-S-Pb isotopic compositions of quartz, calcite, pyrite and ...Pyrrhotite from the deposit indicate a magmatic signature.•Widespread Eocene magmatism in the Tengchong block resulted from slab breakoff at ca. 55Ma.
The Lailishan deposit is an important tin deposit that is genetically associated with an Early Eocene biotite granite in the western Yunnan metallogenic belt in the Sanjiang region, SW China. This study reports new zircon U–Pb ages and Hf isotopic data, whole–rock elements, mica Ar–Ar age and C–H–O–S–Pb isotope for the Lailishan Sn deposit. The mineralization–related biotite granite crystallized during the Early Eocene (50.5Ma), with its zircon εHf(t) values ranging from −11.5 to −7.6 and two–stage Hf model ages (TDM2) ranging from 1.60 to 1.85Ga. The rocks are peraluminous with A/CNK values of 0.99–1.08. The granites display high Si, Al and K contents but low Mg, Fe and Ca contents. The rocks show flat chondrite-normalized REE patterns with strong Eu negative anomalies. These characteristics indicate that the magma originated from a continental crustal source. The hydrothermal muscovite exhibits an Ar–Ar plateau age of 50.4±0.2Ma. The δ18O and δD values of hydrothermal quartz from the deposit range from −7.32‰ to 4.01‰ and from −124.9‰ to −87.1‰, respectively. The δ13CPDB and δ18OSMOW values of calcite range from −11.3‰ to −3.7‰ and from +2.2‰ to +12.7‰, respectively. The sulfur isotopic compositions (δ34SV–CDT) range from +3.3‰ to +8.6‰ for sulfide separates, and the lead isotopic ratios 206Pb/204Pb, 207Pb/204Pb and 208Pb/204Pb range from 18.668 to 18.746, from 15.710 to 15.743 and from 39.202 to 39.295, respectively. These isotopic compositions are similar to those of magma–derived fluids, indicating that the ore–forming fluids and materials mainly originated from magmatic rocks with some input from meteoric water. This evidence suggests that the tin mineralization is closely linked to the Lailishan I–type granites. In combination with previous data, it is proposed in this study that widespread early Eocene magmatism resulted from the slab breakoff of the subducting Neo-Tethyan slab at ca. 55Ma.
AIM： To demonstrate that （-）-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate （EGCG） inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） expression and angiogenesis induced by interleukin-6 （IL-6） via suppressing signal ...transducer and activator of transcription 3 （Stat3） activity in gastric cancer. METHODS： Human gastric cancer （AGS） cells were treated with IL-6 （50 ng/mL） and EGCG at different concentrations. VEGF, total Stat3 and activated Stat3 protein levels in the cell lyses were examined by Western blotting, VEGF protein level in the conditionedmedium was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the level of VEGF mRNA was evaluated by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction （RTPCR）. Stat3 nuclear translocation was determined by Western blotting with nuclear extract, and Stat3-DNA binding activity was examined with Chromatin immunoprecipitation （ChIP） assay. IL-6 induced endothelial cell proliferation was measured with 3-4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazoliumbromide assay, in vitro angiogenesis was determined with endothelial cell tube formation assay in Matrigel, and IL-6-induced angiogenesis in vitro was measured with Matrigel plug assay. RESULTS： There was a basal expression and secretion of VEGF in AGS cells. After stimulation with IL-6, VEGF expression was apparently up-regulated and a 2.4-fold increase was observed. VEGF secretion in the conditioned medium was also increased by 2.8 folds. When treated with EGCG, VEGF expression and secretion were dose-dependently decreased. IL-6 also increased VEGF mRNA expression by 3.1 folds. EGCG treatment suppressed VEGF mRNA expression in a dose-dependent manner. EGCG dose-dependently inhibited Stat3 activation induced by IL-6, but did not change the total Stat3 expression. When treated with EGCG or AG490, VEGF expressions were reduced to the level or an even lower level in the tumor cells not stimulated with IL-6. However, PD98059 and LY294002 did not change VEGF expression induced by IL-6. EGCG inhibited Stat3 nucleus translocation, and Stat3-DNA binding activity was also markedly decreased by EGCG. Furthermore, EGCG inhibited IL-6 induced vascular endothelial cell proliferation and tube formation in vitro and angiogenesis in vitro . CONCLUSION： EGCG inhibits IL-6-induced VEGF expression and angiogenesis via suppressing Stat3 activity in gastric cancer, which has provided a novel mechanistic insight into the anti-angiogenic activity of EGCG.
The focus of this paper is the modularity equation including semi-t-operators and Mayor's aggregation operators. We discuss the modularity equation in three cases, namely Mayor's aggregation ...operators over Mayor's aggregation operators, Mayor's aggregation operators over semi-t-operators, and semi-t-operators over Mayor's aggregation operators, respectively. Necessary and sufficient conditions are established for these cases. Meanwhile, we obtain that Mayor's aggregation operators satisfying the modularity equation are mostly ordinal sums of semi-t-norms or semi-t-conorms.
ZnS/carbon nanocomposites have potential electrochemical applications due to their improved conductivity and more active sites through modification of the carbon materials. Herein, we report a facile ...method to synthesize the nanocomposites comprising ZnS nanoparticles and nitrogen-doped carbon (ZnS@NC). The inorganic-organic hybrid ZnS-amine material ZnS(ba) (ba =
-butylamine) is synthesized on a large scale by a reflux method, which effectively shortens the reaction time while maintaining the high yield compared with the solvothermal method. Then ZnS(ba) is used as precursor for obtaining ZnS@NC nanocomposites
a vacuum pyrolysis route, in which the content of carbon and nitrogen can be controlled by adjusting the pyrolysis temperature. Further, a series of ZnS-amine hybrid materials ZnS(ha), ZnS(en)
and ZnS(pda)
(ha =
-hexylamine; en = ethylenediamine; pda = 1,3-propanediamine) are synthesized and used as precursors for the preparation of ZnS@NC materials, indicating the universality of this method. Moreover, the as-synthesized ZnS@NC materials exhibit remarkable lithium storage performance with outstanding cycling stability, high-rate capability and remarkable pseudo-capacitance characteristics.
The aim of this paper is mainly to solve the functional equations given by the modularity condition. Several years ago, the modularity equations for t-norms, t-conorms, uninorms and t-operators, ...which are commutative and associative, have been studied. Our investigations are motivated by modularity condition for generalizations of these operators by removing associativity or commutativity. In this work, the following main conclusions are proved: (1) a continuous t-norm with respect to a continuous semicopula is modular if and only if they are equal. The case for a semicopula with respect to a strict t-norm is also the same. A semicopula with respect to a co-semicopula is modular if and only if the semicopula is min and the co-semicopula is max. The modularity condition does not hold for a co-semicopula with respect to a semicopula. (2) Necessary and sufficient conditions are given for a semi-t-operator with respect to a semi-uninorm, a pseudo-uninorm with respect to a semi-t-operator to satisfy the modularity condition equation. New solutions to the modularity condition equations of the Case (1) are characterized.
An aerobic, haemolytic, Gram-negative and rod-shaped bacterial strain ZY171148
T
was isolated from the lung of a dead goat with respiratory disease in Southwest China. The strain grew at 24–39 °C, at ...pH 6.0–9.0 and in the presence of 0.5–2.0% (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the strain belongs to the genus
Moraxella
. The nucleotide sequence similarity analysis of the 16S rRNA gene showed that the strain has the highest similarity of 98.1% to
Moraxella
(
M
.)
caprae
ATCC 700019
T
. Phylogenomic analysis of 800 single-copy protein sequences indicated that the strain is a member of the genus
Moraxella
and forms a separated branch on the
Moraxella
phylogenetic tree. The strain exhibited the highest orthologous average nucleotide identity (OrthoANI) and average amino acid identity (AAI) values of 77.0 and 77.9% to
M
.
nasibovis
CCUG 75921
T
and
M
.
ovis
CCUG 354
T
, respectively. The strain shared the highest digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) value of 26.2% to
M
.
osloensis
CCUG 350
T
. The genome G + C content of strain ZY171148
T
was 42.6 mol%. The strain had C
18:1
ω9c (41.7%), C
18:0
(11.2%), C
16:0
(14.1%) and C
12:0
3OH (9.7%) as the predominant fatty acids and CoQ-8 as the major respiratory quinone. The strain contained phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, cardiolipin, dilysocardiolipin, monolysocardiolipin and phosphatidic acid as the major polar lipids. β-haemolysis was observed on Columbia blood agar. All results confirmed that strain ZY171148
T
represents a novel species of the genus
Moraxella
, for which the name
Moraxella haemolytica
sp. nov. is proposed, with strain ZY171148
T
= CCTCC AB 2021471
T
= CCUG 75920
T
as the type strain.
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