The development of electronic devices and communication technology has put forward higher requirements for electromagnetic (EM) materials, and the exploration of multifunctional EM materials has ...become a new trend. Herein, heterodimensional structured porous nanofibers are constructed by zero-dimensional Fe nanocrystals and one-dimensional carbon nanofibers, which show excellent microwave absorption and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance. The balance between impedance matching and EM energy attenuation ability can be tailored through the tunable conductive network. The maximum reflection loss (RL) value of −56.8 dB can be achieved at a lower loading ratio, and the efficient EMI shielding effectiveness of 29.3 dB can be obtained at a higher loading ratio. In addition, the green EMI shielding with absorption as the main microwave attenuation mechanism can be observed in the higher frequency range. An EM energy conversion device is designed to effectively recover wasted EM energy. The EM energy is converted into valuable electrical energy through multiple loss mechanisms caused by heterodimensional structures. This work provides new guidance for the realization of multifunctional EM materials and devices.
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The phase-to-ground admittance in distribution networks is asymmetric. This asymmetry is aggravated by the arc suppression coil, resulting in zero-sequence overvoltage. The magnitude of zero-sequence ...overvoltage can exceed the line-to-ground voltage, endangering the operation of electrical equipment. Moreover, after the occurrence of a single-line-to-ground fault, the change law of the three-phase voltage is affected by the zero-sequence overvoltage, leading to misjudgment of the fault phase. Accordingly, this paper proposes a fault phase selection method based on active current injection that can adapt to asymmetric distribution networks. The fault phase is selected by injecting current and calculating the equivalent power supply voltage of the faulty line without increasing the ground-fault current. The high sensitivity of the proposed fault phase selection method was verified for high impedance faults through software simulations and prototype experiments. Moreover, the zero-sequence overvoltage can be suppressed by a single-phase flexible arc suppression device during the normal operation of distribution networks. The ground-fault current can be quickly suppressed at different ground-fault locations and resistance values, ensuring the extinguishment of the ground-fault arc.
Post‐stroke depression, a common complication after stroke, severely affects the recovery and quality of life of patients with stroke. Owing to its complex mechanisms, post‐stroke depression ...treatment remains highly challenging. Hippocampal synaptic plasticity is one of the key factors leading to post‐stroke depression; however, the precise molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Numerous studies have found that neurotrophic factors, protein kinases and neurotransmitters influence depressive behaviour by modulating hippocampal synaptic plasticity. This review further elaborates on the role of hippocampal synaptic plasticity in post‐stroke depression by summarizing recent research and analysing possible molecular mechanisms. Evidence for the correlation between hippocampal mechanisms and post‐stroke depression helps to better understand the pathological process of post‐stroke depression and improve its treatment.
Tumor recurrence and unfavorable bacterial biofilm formation on implants after bone tumor resection remain challenging in clinical settings. However, this dilemma also provides inspiration for the ...development of bioactive implants and a new route for the management of bone tumors through biofilm formation. Here, based on the characteristic that bacteria prefer to adhere to implants, 3D‐printing bioceramic scaffolds modified with probiotic biofilms are designed to augment antitumor immunity. In comparison with Akkermansia muciniphila, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) is demonstrated to more easily form biofilms on bioceramics and is selected to engineer etched bioceramics. The LGG biofilm subjected to pasteurization guarantees good biocompatibility and enhanced doxorubicin (Dox) loading. Furthermore, the LGG biofilm combined with Dox imparts the scaffolds with multiple properties of direct chemo‐killing for tumor cells and potent immune activation. The modified scaffolds efficiently inhibit bone tumor recurrence and bone metastasis in murine tumor model receives surgical resection. Moreover, based on 3D‐printing technology, the probiotic biofilm modified scaffolds with adjustable shapes are also demonstrated to repair shape‐specific bone defects after tumor elimination. Collectively, the multifunctional 3D‐printing scaffolds realize the integrated treatment of tumor elimination and bone repair, providing a promising strategy for clinical treatment of bone tumors.
Probiotic biofilm modified 3D‐printing scaffolds are developed for management of bone tumors and osteogenesis. Remarkable curative effects and systematic immune protection from chemo‐immunotherapy mediated by probiotic biofilm modified scaffolds are demonstrated. The multifunctional 3D‐printing scaffolds realize the integrated treatment of tumor elimination and bone repair, providing a promising strategy for clinical treatment of bone tumors.
Organic–inorganic hybrid lead organohalide perovskites are inexpensive materials for high-efficiency photovoltaic solar cells, optical properties, and superior electrical conductivity. However, the ...fabrication of their quantum dots (QDs) with uniform ultrasmall particles is still a challenge. Here we use oriented microporous metal–organic framework (MOF) thin film prepared by liquid phase epitaxy approach as a template for CH3NH3PbI2X (X = Cl, Br, and I) perovskite QDs fabrication. By introducing the PbI2 and CH3NH3X (MAX) precursors into MOF HKUST-1 (Cu3(BTC)2, BTC = 1,3,5-benzene tricarboxylate) thin film in a stepwise approach, the resulting perovskite MAPbI2X (X = Cl, Br, and I) QDs with uniform diameters of 1.5–2 nm match the pore size of HKUST-1. Furthermore, the photoluminescent properties and stability in the moist air of the perovskite QDs loaded HKUST-1 thin film were studied. This confined fabrication strategy demonstrates that the perovskite QDs loaded MOF thin film will be insensitive to air exposure and offers a novel means of confining the uniform size of the similar perovskite QDs according to the oriented porous MOF materials.
BACKGROUND
Sturgeon is popular for its nutritious value and its taste. However, sturgeon fillets are traditionally heated in 100 °C boiling water, resulting in unfavorable taste and with a negative ...effect on the quality. This study considered the effect of combinations of vacuum and low‐temperature treatments (LTVH groups) on sturgeon fillets compared with the traditional heat treatment (TC groups).
RESULTS
The results show that the LTVH groups had lower cooking‐loss rates. All LTVH fillets were changed to a white color, and appeared ‘done’, as did the TC fillets. The LTVH and TC methods gave rise to significant differences in texture: the springiness of the LTVH groups decreased with heating time, and decreased rapidly in the TC groups (P < 0.05); hardness and chewiness increased with time and temperature in the LTVH groups, but decreased in the TC groups. More compact and denser gaps were observed in LTVH70 groups and TC groups. Less protein and lipid oxidation was evident in LTVH groups, including more myofibril protein solubility; there was less protein aggregation, fewer thiobarbituric acid reactive substance, and Schiff base.
CONCLUSION
Vacuum and low‐temperature treated sturgeon fillets can be served as a good alternative. This treatment caused slight tissue damage and less proteolysis and lipid oxidation, which is beneficial for the quality of aquatic products.
Magnetic van der Waals (vdW) materials are poised to enable all-electrical control of magnetism in the two-dimensional limit. However, tuning the magnetic ground state in vdW itinerant ferromagnets ...by voltage-induced charge doping remains a significant challenge, due to the extremely large carrier densities in these materials. Here, by cleaving the vdW itinerant ferromagnet Fe5GeTe2 (F5GT) into 5.4 nm (around two unit cells), we find that the ferromagnetism (FM) in F5GT can be substantially tuned by the thickness. Moreover, by utilizing a solid protonic gate, an electron doping concentration of above 1021 cm–3 has been exhibited in F5GT nanosheets. Such a high carrier accumulation exceeds that possible in widely used electric double-layer transistors (EDLTs) and surpasses the intrinsic carrier density of F5GT. Importantly, it is accompanied by a magnetic phase transition from FM to antiferromagnetism (AFM). The realization of an antiferromagnetic phase in nanosheet F5GT suggests the promise of applications in high-temperature antiferromagnetic vdW devices and heterostructures.
A review of studies on the body fluid levels of neuroactive amino acids, including glutamate, glutamine, taurine, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glycine, tryptophan,
d
-serine, and others, in autism ...spectrum disorders (ASD) is given. The results reported in the literature are generally inconclusive and contradictory, but there has been considerable variation among the previous studies in terms of factors such as age, gender, number of subjects, intelligence quotient, and psychoactive medication being taken. Future studies should include simultaneous analyses of a large number of amino acids including
d
-serine and branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and standardization of the factors mentioned above. It may also be appropriate to use saliva sampling to detect amino acids in ASD patients in the future—this is noninvasive testing that can be done easily more frequently than other sampling, thus providing more dynamic monitoring.
Cancer associated fibroblast (CAF) is a well-known microenvironment contributor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), while forkhead box (FOX) proteins are also critical to ...exacerbate HCC malignancy. However, whether FOX proteins are involved in the crosstalk between CAFs and HCC cells remains unclear. In the present study, we reveal that CAFs induce forkhead box Q1 (FOXQ1) expression, and N-myc downstream-regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) is therefore trans-activated to enhance HCC initiation. Intriguingly, pSTAT6/C-C motif chemokine ligand 26 (CCL26) signaling is induced by FOXQ1/NDRG1 axis, thus recruiting hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), the main cellular source of CAFs, to the tumor microenvironment. Thereby, tumor initiating properties are enhanced at least partly through a positive feedback loop between CAFs and HCC cells. Importantly, leflunomide, a pSTAT6 inhibitor that has been approved for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, significantly blocks the loop and HCC progression. High expression of CAF marker, ACTA2, and induced FOXQ1/NDRG1 axis in HCC tissues predict unfavorable prognosis. Collectively, our findings uncover a positive feedback loop between CAFs and FOXQ1/NDRG1 axis in neoplastic cells to drive HCC initiation, thus providing new potential therapeutic targets for HCC.
•FOXQ1/NDRG1 axis mediates CAF-HCC crosstalk to drive tumor initiation.•FOXQ1/NDRG1 axis activates pSTAT6/CCL26 signaling to recruit HSCs.•Leflunomide blockades HCC-CAFs crosstalk and suppresses HCC progression.
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•A new method named as MaxEnt is proposed, it can be used to study elastic properties of HEAs.•Lattice distortions have influences on the theoretical elastic properties.•Elastic ...properties of the HEAs which have four to ten elements, even unequal concentrations, can be studied.
By first-principles calculation, elastic properties of seven single phase high-entropy alloys (HEAs) with excellent properties are presented in our work. A new method Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) was adopted. The method is an algorithm that can be used to study the lattice distortion effect of HEAs. CP2K first-principles simulation package was employed for calculation. The comparison of calculated elastic properties of TaNbHfZrTi with experimental data is made and the agreement is found to be quite good. Elastic properties of AlMoNbTiV are close to the calculated data from Coherent Potential Approximation (CPA), and the reasons were discussed. The influence of lattice distortions on elastic properties were also studied. Furthermore, elastic properties of a series of refractory HEAs were predicted. These results demonstrate that MaxEnt model can properly describe HEAs.
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